Sir John Hay Drummond Hay | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Envoy Extraordinary to Morocco | |
| In office 1845–1886 | |
| Preceded by | Edward Drummond Hay |
| Succeeded by | Sir William Kirby Green |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Hay Drummond Hay (1816-06-01)1 June 1816 Valenciennes, France |
| Died | 27 November 1893(1893-11-27) (aged 77) Wedderburn Castle, Scotland |
| Spouse | |
| Parent(s) | Edward Drummond Hay Louisa Margaret Thomason |
Sir John Hay Drummond HayGCMG KCB PC (1 June 1816 – 27 November 1893) was the United Kingdom'sEnvoy Extraordinary at the Court of Morocco in the 19th century.[1][2]
John Drummond Hay was born in 1816 inValenciennes, France,[1] where his father CaptainEdward Drummond Hay, a nephew of theninth Earl of Kinnoul, was serving in the British army of occupation.[3] His mother was Louisa Margaret Thomason.[4]
Like his elder brother,Edward Hay Drummond Hay, he was educated at theEdinburgh Academy,[5] and then atCharterhouse School.[1]
At the age of 24, he was appointed a paidattaché to the Embassy ofConstantinople, where he remained for four years. He was then sent to Morocco to assist his father, who was serving there as Agent and Consul-General.[4] Within a few months, he was promoted; though still having merely the rank of a paid attaché, he succeeded his temporary chief as Agent andConsul-General.[6]
Drummond Hay's diplomatic service in Morocco would continue for more than forty years, and would involve considerable personal initiative; he was able to exercise significant freedom of action and independence from bureaucratic and political control. Over his lengthy time in Morocco, he developed significant influence both with the Moroccan government and with the Moroccan public at large, aided by his facility for languages.
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In 1845, he acted as a mediator between Morocco and Denmark, Sweden, and Spain. In that capacity, he signed the convention which the Sultan concluded with the Court of Madrid. In 1856 he negotiated and signed theAnglo-Moroccan Accords, a general treaty and a commercial convention with the Moroccan government. In 1861 he was promoted to the rank of Minister Resident. His further promotion to the rank of Minister Plenipotentiary took place in 1872, and to that of Envoy Extraordinary in 1880.[8]
He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of theOrder of Saint Michael and Saint George (GCMG) in 1884.[9]
In July 1886, he retired on a pension, and was sworn aPrivy Councillor,[10]. However, even in retirement, he continued to reside privately a great part of the year in Morocco, and continued to exercise significant influence there.
On 1 September 1838, Drummond-Hay was married to Sarah Laura Livingston, daughter of Lt.-Col. James Livingston of theEast India Company. Before her death on 23 April 1868, they were the parents of:[11]
After her death, he married Alice Watts, daughter of Edward Watts ofHythe, Kent, in 1869.[11]
He died atWedderburn Castle, nearDuns, in Scotland, on 27 November 1893.[2]
| Diplomatic posts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United Kingdom to Morocco 1829–1845 | Succeeded by Sir William Kirby Green |
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