John A. Clements | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1923-03-16)March 16, 1923 Auburn, New York, U.S. |
| Died | September 3, 2024(2024-09-03) (aged 101) Tiburon, California, U.S. |
| Education | Princeton University Weill Cornell Medical College |
| Known for | Discovery ofpulmonary surfactant |
| Medical career | |
| Field | Physiology |
| Institutions | University of California, San Francisco |
| Sub-specialties | Pulmonary medicine |
John Allen Clements (March 16, 1923 – September 3, 2024) was an American physician and physiologist known for his role in the discovery ofpulmonary surfactant, a crucial factor in the development of life-saving treatments forneonatal respiratory distress syndrome. His research revolutionized the care of premature infants, greatly reducing infant mortality.
Clements was born on March 16, 1923, inAuburn, New York.[1] He developed an early interest in medicine, completing his undergraduate studies atPrinceton University. He graduated fromWeill Cornell Medical College in 1947.[2]
Clements began his career as a physiologist focused on cardiovascular research but later shifted to pulmonary medicine. In 1957, while working at theUniversity of California, San Francisco (UCSF), he made his seminal discovery of pulmonary surfactant, a lipid-protein mixture that reduces surface tension in the lungs and prevents the collapse ofalveoli during exhalation. This discovery was pivotal in understanding the causes ofneonatal respiratory distress syndrome, a common condition in premature infants. Clements, before working at UCSF, had conducted pulmonary research in the early 1950s at theEdgewood Chemical Biological Center.[3] Clements would work at the University of California, San Francisco, for over six decades.[3]
Clements's research demonstrated that the absence or deficiency of surfactant was a major cause ofneonatal respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants. His findings spurred the development of synthetic surfactants, which are now routinely used inneonatal intensive care units worldwide to treat preterm infants. This breakthrough dramatically reduced infant mortality and has saved countless lives.[4]
Clements continued to contribute to pulmonary biology and neonatal care throughout his career at UCSF, mentoring young scientists and furthering research into adult lung diseases. His contributions to medicine extended beyond his scientific discoveries, influencing generations of researchers and clinicians.
Clementsturned 100 in 2023, and died in Tiburon, California on September 3, 2024, at the age of 101.[1][5][6]