Joscelin III (c. 1139 – after 1190) was the titularcount of Edessa, who during his lifetime managed to amass enough land to establish alordship in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Joscelin III was the son ofJoscelin II andBeatrice of Saone.[1] He inherited the claim to theCounty of Edessa from his father, Joscelin II. The county had been captured in 1144 and its remnants (including theLordship of Turbessel) conquered or sold years earlier.
Joscelin lived in theKingdom of Jerusalem and managed to gather enough land aroundAcre to set uphis own lordship.
His sister,Agnes, had been the first wife ofKing Amalric before he succeeded to the throne, and was the mother ofBaldwin IV andSibylla. In 1164 Joscelin was taken captive byNur ad-Din Zengi at theBattle of Harim.[2] He remained a prisoner until 1176 when Agnes paid his ransom of 50,000 dinars, probably with support from the royal treasury.[3] His nephew Baldwin then made himseneschal of Jerusalem. He faced some rivalry from the king's paternal kindred, led byRaymond III, Count of Tripoli.
In 1180 Joscelin went as an ambassador to theByzantine Empire. After the betrothal of Baldwin's half-sisterIsabella toHumphrey IV of Toron that year, theToron estates passed to the crown in exchange for a money fief. Baldwin IV granted part of them,Chastel Neuf, to Joscelin, and awarded Agnes an income from theusufruct, or produce, of Toron. Agnes died in late 1184, a few months before her son.
In 1185, Joscelin became guardian of his young great-nephew,Baldwin V, while Raymond III was regent. Raymond feared that, if he were the child's personal guardian, he would be blamed if he died in his care, because he had a claim to the throne himself. Joscelin, as the king's maternal grandmother's brother, had no claim, but rather had strong family interests in keeping him alive. Additional support came with the arrival of Baldwin's paternal grandfather,William V of Montferrat, from Italy. However, Baldwin seems to have been sickly, and died at Acre in 1186. Joscelin and William escorted his coffin to Jerusalem. Meanwhile, Raymond went to Nablus to attempt a coup withBalian of Ibelin to install Isabella as queen. This failed, and Sibylla was crowned, also crowning her second husband,Guy of Lusignan.
In 1186, Guy and Sibylla granted Chastel Neuf and Toron, with other territory, to Joscelin. He, in turn, gave them as the dowry of his elder daughter,Beatrice, whom he betrothed to Guy's younger brother, William of Valence. Her younger sister, Agnes, was to marry one of Guy's nephews, but if Beatrice died while still a minor, William was to marry Agnes instead.
At theBattle of Hattin in 1187, Joscelin commanded the rearguard with Balian of Ibelin. Both escaped the disastrous defeat and fled toTyre. All his estates were captured by Saladin. Joscelin joined in thesiege of Acre in theThird Crusade. He last witnessed a charter on 25 October 1190, after Sibylla's death. There is a strong likelihood that he died during the siege. A month later, Isabella, who was now claiming the crown from Guy, restored Humphrey of Toron's claim to Chastel Neuf and Toron (should they be reconquered) when she accepted the annulment of their marriage. If Joscelin was still alive, he made no recorded objection. However, this seems to have ended the prospect of his daughters' Lusignan marriages. He was definitely dead by October 1200.
Joscelin'sseigneurie was acquired by theTeutonic Knights, in 1220.[4][5]
After his release from captivity in 1176, Joscelin married Agnes of Milly, (de) third daughter of Henry "the Buffalo" of Milly, (de) Lord ofPetra,[6] (and a sister ofStephanie of Milly andHelvis de Milly (fr)); by whom he had two daughters:
| Political offices | ||
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| Vacant Title last held by Miles of Plancy | Seneschal of Jerusalem 1176-1190 | Vacant Title next held by Ralph of Tiberias |
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| National | |
| Other | |
