Jinjiang 晋江市 Tsinkiang | |
|---|---|
| City of Jinjiang, City of Quanzhou, Province of Fujian | |
 Jinjiang | |
 Jinjiang in Quanzhou | |
  Jinjiang Location in Fujian | |
| Coordinates (Jinjiang municipal government):24°46′54″N118°33′06″E / 24.7816°N 118.5517°E /24.7816; 118.5517 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Fujian |
| Prefecture-level city | Quanzhou |
| City seat | Luoshan Subdistrict (罗山街道) |
| Area | |
• Total | 721.7 km2 (278.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census) | |
• Total | 2,061,551 |
| • Density | 2,857/km2 (7,398/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 362200 |
| Area code | 0595 |
| Website | www.JinJiang.gov.cn |
Jinjiang City (Chinese:晋江市;pinyin:Jìnjiāng;Pe̍h-ōe-jī:Chìn-kang) is acounty-level city underQuanzhou City,Fujian Province,China. It is located in the southeastern part of the province (Minnan), on the right or south bank of theJin River, across from Quanzhou's urban district ofFengze andLicheng. Jinjiang also borders theTaiwan Strait of theEast China Sea to the south, and Quanzhou's other county-cities ofShishi andNan'an to the east and west, respectively. It has an area of 721.7 square kilometres (278.6 sq mi) and a population of 2,061,551 as of 2020.[1][2]
Jinjiang has the only extantManichean temple in China (Cao'an temple) and is near the eastern end of the world's longest estimated straight-line (great circle) path over land, at 11,241 km (6,985 mi), ending nearSagres, Portugal.[3]
Jinjiang has sixsubdistricts and 13towns:
Jinjiang is known for the large number of factories which operate there, especially in the clothing and name-brand footwear industry.[4] Many migrant laborers come from elsewhere in Fujian and even from outside the province to commit themselves to year-long contracts.
Jinjiang is famous as home to many Chinese in diaspora, especially inTaiwan,Philippines,Malaysia,Singapore,Myanmar,Australia, etc. Once poor and overpopulated in late 19th century, many locals moved to Southeast Asia for better lives in what they called "下南洋" (Xià Nányáng; 'to sail down to the south sea'). Many of them have been successfully integrated into local societies and achieved great success. For example, according toForbes, 6 out of 10 richest business tycoons in Philippines can trace their ancestry back to Jinjiang. Therefore, from the 80s to the 90s, Jinjiang received much donation and investment from overseas Chinese communities.[citation needed]
Jinjiang people speak the Jinjiang dialect, a variant of theQuanzhou dialect ofHokkien, which is largely intelligible to speakers of otherQuanzhou,Xiamen,Zhangzhou andTaiwanese dialects, and also to speakers of other Hokkien dialects in many Chinese communities overseas, especially in places in southeast Asia such asPhilippines,Singapore,Southern Peninsular Malaysian/Riau,Penang,Medan, etc. As in many parts of China, most Jinjiang people can use Putonghua (Mandarin) to communicate with non-local people in commercial and other daily interactions.
Jinjiang hosts theQuanzhou Jinjiang International Airport, IATA code JJN. The facility is of international 4D standard, which is capable of handling mid-size jets, such as Boeing 737 series and Airbus 320 series. Most flights from JJN are domestic flights, with some international/regional flights to/fromHong Kong,Macao,Taipei,Manila,Bangkok,Singapore, etc. Another way to get into the city is flying intoXiamen Gaoqi International Airport in the nearby cityXiamen, which has more international routes, including intercontinental flights to/fromAmsterdam,Sydney andVancouver. From there, passengers can catch limousine buses to downtown Jinjiang in 1.5 hours.
Jinjiang railway station of the new high-speedFuzhou-Xiamen Railway is located 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) away from the center of the city. Passengers are able to travel to bullet train hubs like Shanghai or Shenzhen in 2 to 3 hours, and further transfer to other destinations national wide. The Jinjiang Railway Station is served by local buses and taxi.
Thriving with economics in private sectors, Jinjiang has been ranked as No.1 county with the highest GDP in Fujian for over 15 consecutive years. Also, it's been ranked as top 10 richest county-level city in the whole country, as published by the National Bureau of Census. There are many sportswear and other garment and shoe manufacturers in Jinjiang. In 2013, the mayor of Jinjiang called for more focus oninnovative design by shoe manufacturers plagued by surplus inventory.[7]
Manufacturers were encouraged by local official to engage inIPOs and seek listings on stock exchanges such as theFrankfurt Stock Exchange to raise global capital for expansion. Raising capital in this way bypasses the difficulty medium-sized firms have with obtaining loans from Chinese banks. About 30 firms have achieved listing on global stock exchanges but many also have listings on stock exchanges in Shanghai or Hong Kong. As of 2012, many additional local firms include IPOs in their business planning.[4]
In some instances over-capacity and declining profit margins have resulted from suboptimal investment of capital. Due to the prevalence of copying in the industry investing capital in research and development seems futile. Another problem is that many of the firms are in fact family-owned business which have taken on corporate form but not best corporate management practices. In an effort to achieve listings on exchanges with strict requirements there is a temptation to engage increative accounting.[4]
| Climate data for Jinjiang (1981−2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) | 17.9 (64.2) | 20.1 (68.2) | 23.6 (74.5) | 27.4 (81.3) | 29.7 (85.5) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.4 (90.3) | 31.0 (87.8) | 27.3 (81.1) | 23.4 (74.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 25.1 (77.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.6 (51.1) | 11.3 (52.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 21.1 (70.0) | 24.3 (75.7) | 26.2 (79.2) | 26.1 (79.0) | 24.7 (76.5) | 21.3 (70.3) | 17.1 (62.8) | 12.6 (54.7) | 18.8 (65.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 36.3 (1.43) | 85.5 (3.37) | 111.5 (4.39) | 135.4 (5.33) | 179.0 (7.05) | 215.7 (8.49) | 126.6 (4.98) | 192.8 (7.59) | 142.8 (5.62) | 48.3 (1.90) | 37.3 (1.47) | 27.8 (1.09) | 1,339 (52.71) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.9 | 9.7 | 13.4 | 12.9 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 8.8 | 11.1 | 8.1 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 6.3 | 114 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 70 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 79 | 83 | 78 | 78 | 73 | 66 | 68 | 67 | 74 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 138.0 | 113.0 | 124.4 | 142.7 | 156.3 | 180.7 | 265.1 | 229.5 | 202.5 | 199.4 | 157.5 | 146.7 | 2,055.8 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 41 | 35 | 33 | 37 | 38 | 44 | 64 | 58 | 55 | 56 | 48 | 45 | 46 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days, humidity, sunshine 1991–2020)[8][9] | |||||||||||||
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