Jinchang 金昌市 | |
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| Nickname: 'Nickel Capital' (镍都) | |
.png) Location of Jinchang City jurisdiction in Gansu | |
  Jinchang Location of the city centre in Gansu Show map of Gansu Jinchang Jinchang (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Jinchang municipal government):38°31′17″N102°11′17″E / 38.5214°N 102.1880°E /38.5214; 102.1880 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Gansu |
| Municipal seat | Jinchuan District |
| Area | |
| 7,575 km2 (2,925 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 3,067 km2 (1,184 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,067 km2 (1,184 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
| 438,026 | |
| • Density | 58/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 260,385 |
| • Urban density | 85/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 260,385 |
| • Metro density | 85/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 22.5 billion US$ 3.6 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 47,739 US$ 7,665 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 737100 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GS-03 |
| Website | www |
Jinchang (Chinese:金昌;pinyin:Jīnchāng) is aprefecture-level city in the centre ofGansu province, People's Republic of China, borderingInner Mongolia to the north. As of the2020 Chinese census, its population was 438,026 inhabitants, of which 260,385 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of theJinchuan District.
Jinchang City is located in central Gansu province, west of theYellow River, north of theQilian Mountains, and south of theAlashan Plateau. The southwest of the city bordersQinghai Province and the northwest bordersInner Mongolia. The area is 8,896 km2 (3,435 sq mi).
Jinchang is served by theLanzhou-Xinjiang Railway and theJinchang Jinchuan Airport, opened in August 2011.
Jinchang has important archaeological sites from the Stone Age, a WesternHan site, and sections of theGreat Wall from the Han andQing dynasties.
To better support the production and construction of thenickel industrial base and to align with the long-term development plans for the Jinchuan region, the State Council officially approved the establishment of Jinchang City in February 1981. The newly formed city, comprising Jinchuan District andYongchang County, came under the direct administration of Gansu Province. Its establishment not only improved the living conditions of nickel industry pioneers but also provided strong support for the construction and development of the industrial base.
In May 1958, geologists Tang Dongfu and Guo Chunshan from the 145th Coalfield Geological Team of the Gansu Provincial Coal Industry Bureau discovered a piece of rock covered in green oxidized minerals near Heihushan in Baijiazui, Ningyuanbao, Yongchang County, during a radiometric survey. They suspected it to bemalachite, acopper-bearing mineral. This discovery led theQilian Mountain Geological Team to conduct further exploration of nickel-copper deposits in the area. Later,Soviet expert Zaguminiey inspected the site and confirmed its potential, recommending that, after initial exposure and shallow well drilling confirmed the presence of primary nickel-copper sulfide ore, exploration should swiftly advance to detailed drilling. As a result, a comprehensive geological assessment of Baijiazui began, ultimately confirming it as one of China’s large-scale nickel-copper sulfide deposits.
On October 7, 1958, Tang Zhongli, captain of the first division of the Qilian Mountain Geological Team, along with engineer Chen Xin and others, studied the ore samples and sent them for laboratory analysis. By October 13, the first assay report of the Jinchuan nickel deposit was released, confirming that the nickel and copper contents met industrial standards, laying the foundation for subsequent exploration. This discovery marked the beginning of large-scale nickel mining in Jinchuan. In 1959, pioneers from across China gathered in Jinchuan to commence the construction of China’s nickel-cobalt industrial base, creating the “Jinchuan Spirit” of perseverance and pragmatic progress, as well as the “Jinchang Spirit” of hard work and harmonious advancement, driving Jinchang’s economic rise.
In 1964, a large-scale open-pit blasting operation took place in the eastern part of the Hexi Corridor, within a branch of the Qilian Mountains. This event became a landmark in Jinchuan’s construction history, non-ferrous metallurgy, and China’s self-reliance movement. The operation, remarkable for its immense scale, meticulous planning, strict discipline, rigorous execution, and efficient command, showcased the resilience and fighting spirit of Jinchuan’s workforce. It also demonstrated to the world the wisdom and determination of the Chinese people.
The establishment of Jinchang City provided a more favorable living environment for nickel industry pioneers while facilitating the efficient construction of the nickel industrial base. Today, Jinchang has grown into the home of Gansu’s first state-owned enterprise with an annual revenue exceeding 100 billion yuan. It is also the only Gansu-based company to be listed in theFortune Global 500, continuing to drive industrial transformation and high-quality development.
Jinchang has 1district and 1county[3][4][5] with a total population of 464,050,[3][6] half of which is urban.
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Jinchuan District | 金川区 | Jīnchuān Qū | 228,561 | 3,060 | 74.69 | |
| Yongchang County | 永昌县 | Yǒngchāng Xiàn | 235,489 | 5,867 | 40.13 | |
Jinchang has a continental,semi-arid climate (KöppenBSk), with plenty of sunshine and a prevailing northwesterly wind throughout much of the year. Bothdiurnal and seasonal temperature variations are rather large, and springtime winds are often strong.[7]
| Climate data for Jinchang (Yongchang County), elevation 1,977 m (6,486 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) | 22.7 (72.9) | 23.6 (74.5) | 28.6 (83.5) | 29.6 (85.3) | 30.7 (87.3) | 35.3 (95.5) | 32.5 (90.5) | 31.3 (88.3) | 26.0 (78.8) | 20.5 (68.9) | 15.5 (59.9) | 35.3 (95.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) | 2.4 (36.3) | 7.9 (46.2) | 15.1 (59.2) | 19.9 (67.8) | 23.7 (74.7) | 25.6 (78.1) | 24.7 (76.5) | 19.4 (66.9) | 13.5 (56.3) | 7.0 (44.6) | 1.2 (34.2) | 13.3 (55.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) | −5.6 (21.9) | 0.5 (32.9) | 7.7 (45.9) | 12.8 (55.0) | 16.8 (62.2) | 18.6 (65.5) | 17.6 (63.7) | 12.6 (54.7) | 5.8 (42.4) | −1.3 (29.7) | −7.1 (19.2) | 5.8 (42.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.4 (4.3) | −11.9 (10.6) | −5.4 (22.3) | 1.0 (33.8) | 5.7 (42.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 12.0 (53.6) | 11.1 (52.0) | 7.0 (44.6) | 0.0 (32.0) | −6.9 (19.6) | −12.8 (9.0) | −0.5 (31.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −26.6 (−15.9) | −25.5 (−13.9) | −20.8 (−5.4) | −10.1 (13.8) | −7.1 (19.2) | 0.9 (33.6) | 4.8 (40.6) | 0.8 (33.4) | −4.3 (24.3) | −17.7 (0.1) | −26.9 (−16.4) | −28.3 (−18.9) | −28.3 (−18.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 1.6 (0.06) | 2.5 (0.10) | 5.4 (0.21) | 9.1 (0.36) | 21.7 (0.85) | 31.6 (1.24) | 53.0 (2.09) | 45.9 (1.81) | 34.5 (1.36) | 9.4 (0.37) | 2.5 (0.10) | 0.8 (0.03) | 218 (8.58) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.8 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 7.3 | 8.7 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 10.2 | 4.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 71.5 |
| Average snowy days | 4.6 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 31.5 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 47 | 45 | 44 | 41 | 46 | 55 | 62 | 60 | 63 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 52 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 239.5 | 230.1 | 259.3 | 264.5 | 284.2 | 275.0 | 268.4 | 260.4 | 224.1 | 252.8 | 247.5 | 237.5 | 3,043.3 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 78 | 75 | 69 | 66 | 64 | 62 | 60 | 63 | 61 | 74 | 83 | 81 | 70 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[8][9] | |||||||||||||
The 2022 GDP was 62.006billion RMB. The average urban income was 131,056 RMB. Agriculture and natural resource based industries are the key to Jinchang's economy. It is called China's 'Nickel Capital' (鎳都) and has an abundance of other mineral resources including quartz, iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, zinc, gold, tungsten, limestone, etc. Here placedJinchuan Group.The installation of a solar farm in the western part of Jinchang with a rated capacity of 1 GW and of a solar production facility with 300 MW capacity has been announced in May 2012.[10]
Vegetable oil is its primary agricultural product.
Cultural sites such as the Han and Qing dynasty Great Walls are popular tourist sites. The relatively undeveloped natural environment is also a draw for tourists.
2010年第六次人口普查，金昌市常住总人口464050人，其中，金川区228561人，永昌县235489人
统计用区划代码 名称 620301000000 市辖区 620302000000 金川区 620321000000 永昌县
至2015年，金昌市辖一区一县。 金川区全区总面积3770平方公里，辖宁远堡、双湾两个镇、27个行政村（农村社区）和六个城区街道办事处、16个城市社区。永昌县辖6个镇4个乡，10社区，111个村民委员会
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