Jiang Guangnai | |
|---|---|
蒋光鼐 | |
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| Governor of Fujian | |
| In office 7 December 1932 – 20 December 1933 | |
| Preceded by | Yang Shu-chuang Chen Nai-yuan (acting) Fang Sheng-tao (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Chen Yi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 December 1888 |
| Died | 8 June 1967(1967-06-08) (aged 78) Beijing, People's Republic of China |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Party | Kuomintang |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Republic of China |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Commands | 19th Route Army |
Jiang Guangnai (simplified Chinese:蒋光鼐;traditional Chinese:蔣光鼐;pinyin:Jiǎng Guāngnài;Wade–Giles:Chiang Kuang-nai;Jyutping:Zoeng2 Gwong1 Naai5; 17 December 1888 – 8 June 1967) was a general and statesman in theRepublic of China and thePeople's Republic of China, and was born inDongguan,Guangdong.
He became a bodyguard toSun Yat-sen and, in 1932, was promoted to general and Commander in Chief of the19th Route Army, leading it in the successful defense ofShanghai againstJapanese invasion in theJanuary 28 incident.
After the cease-fire was brokered, the 19th Army was reassigned byChiang Kai-shek to suppressChinese Communist insurrection inFujian. It won some battles against the Communists but then negotiated peace with them. Jiang Guangnai joined an insurrection that, on 22 November 1933, established a newPeople's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China (Chinese:中華共和國), free from the control of Chiang's Nanjing government. The new Fujian government was not supported by other warlords or by all elements of the communists and was quickly crushed by Chiang's armies in January 1934. Jiang escaped with his family toHong Kong and the rest of the army was disbanded and reassigned into other units of the National Revolutionary Army.
DuringWWII from 1939 to 1944 he returned to become Deputy Commander in Chief of the 4th War Area and in 1945 Deputy Commander in Chief of the 7th War Area.
After the Communist victory, Mao assigned Jiang to be Minister of Textiles of the new People's Republic ofChina from 1950.
Most high-ranking officials struggled with theRed Guards during theCultural Revolution. Jiang, however, was saved byZhou Enlai. Zhou carefully and cleverly arranged for Jiang to join him andMao Zedong onTiananmen to inspect the Red Guards, some of whom had just stormed Jiang's home the previous day. During the inspection Jiang was positioned almost next to Mao. Zhou personally walked over to Jiang in front of the Red Guards, asking him how he was doing after the "visit" by the Red Guards the day before. In front of Mao, Jiang was quick to reply that the Red Guards were still relatively civilized. After that, they did not bother Jiang again. He died in 1967 in Beijing.
Jiang Guangnai's residence in Dongguan is now a museum.[1] After his death, his daughter, Jiang Dinggui 蒋定桂 (b. 1947) became a worker in a textile factory, and features on the 5-jiao renminbi note issued in 1972.[citation needed]KTLA television reporter Liberté Chan is a descendant of Jiang Guangnai.[2]
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