Ji'an 集安市 | |
|---|---|
 Downtown area in Ji'an | |
 Ji'an (red) in Tonghua (white) | |
  Ji'an Location of Ji'an city center in Jilin | |
| Coordinates:41°07′31″N126°11′38″E / 41.1253°N 126.1940°E /41.1253; 126.1940 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Jilin |
| Prefecture-level city | Tonghua |
| County-level city established | 1988 |
| Area | |
| 3,341.1 km2 (1,290.0 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 44.89 km2 (17.33 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 180 m (590 ft) |
| Population (2017)[1] | |
| 214,000 | |
| • Density | 64.1/km2 (166/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 79,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 134200 |
Ji'an (Chinese:集安;pinyin:Jí'ān; formerlysimplified Chinese:辑安;traditional Chinese:輯安;pinyin:Jí'ān) is acounty-level city in the southwestern part ofJilin province, People's Republic of China. It is administered by the prefecture-level city ofTonghua and is the southernmostcounty-level division in the province. Ji'an has an area of 3,408 km2 (1,316 sq mi) and a population of approximately 230,000. The city was given its current status in 1988. Ji'an is separated fromManpo,Chagang Province,North Korea by theYalu River; it has an international border running 203.5 km (126.4 mi).[2]
Archaeological excavations in the Ji'an area have unearthed severalYemaek sites along theAmnok River and its tributary theHunjiang, which belong to the regionalNeolithic andBronze ages.[3]
After the fall ofWiman Joseon to theHan dynasty in 108BCE, Ji'an was part ofGoguryeo County under the administration ofXuantu Commandery.[3] In 3CE, the second ruler ofGoguryeo,King Yuri, moved the state's capital toGungnae (modern Ji'an) and established the mountain fortressHwando nearby to defend it.[3] Hwando was sacked byWei State in 244 CE during theGoguryeo–Wei War. In 342 CE, Hwando was destroyed and thousands of people captured by theMurong Xianbei, after which Goguryeo focussed on expanding south and east. In 427 CE, the eleventh ruler of Goguryeo,King Jangsu, moved the capital toPyongyang, which saw Gungnae relegated to subsidiary capital status.[3]
TheCapital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom, located in Ji'an andHuanren Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning, have been listed as part of a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site. Ji'an is also dubbed as a "LittleJiangnan" of Jilin due to its scenery.[2]
Ji'an has amonsoon-influencedhumid continental climate (KöppenDwa), with long, very cold winters, and very warm, humid summers. Monthly average temperatures range from −12.1 °C (10.2 °F) in January to 23.3 °C (73.9 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 7.5 °C (45.5 °F). Though the annual total, at 917.7 mm (36.1 in), is generous, precipitation is quite low during the winter and upwards of 60% of annual rainfall occurs from June through August. The frost-free period lasts around 150 days.
| Climate data for Ji'an, elevation 225 m (738 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2025) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) | 14.0 (57.2) | 24.6 (76.3) | 30.4 (86.7) | 34.5 (94.1) | 36.5 (97.7) | 37.7 (99.9) | 37.2 (99.0) | 33.0 (91.4) | 27.5 (81.5) | 20.4 (68.7) | 9.9 (49.8) | 37.7 (99.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.6 (23.7) | 0.2 (32.4) | 7.5 (45.5) | 16.8 (62.2) | 23.2 (73.8) | 27.0 (80.6) | 29.2 (84.6) | 28.6 (83.5) | 24.0 (75.2) | 16.4 (61.5) | 5.6 (42.1) | −3.0 (26.6) | 14.2 (57.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.5 (11.3) | −6.7 (19.9) | 1.0 (33.8) | 9.5 (49.1) | 15.9 (60.6) | 20.4 (68.7) | 23.7 (74.7) | 22.8 (73.0) | 16.8 (62.2) | 9.0 (48.2) | 0.0 (32.0) | −8.8 (16.2) | 7.7 (45.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.6 (2.1) | −12.3 (9.9) | −4.4 (24.1) | 2.9 (37.2) | 9.4 (48.9) | 15.0 (59.0) | 19.5 (67.1) | 18.7 (65.7) | 11.7 (53.1) | 3.3 (37.9) | −4.3 (24.3) | −13.3 (8.1) | 2.5 (36.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −29.7 (−21.5) | −28.2 (−18.8) | −26.0 (−14.8) | −7.7 (18.1) | −2.2 (28.0) | 6.9 (44.4) | 10.9 (51.6) | 6.4 (43.5) | −0.5 (31.1) | −7.8 (18.0) | −20.0 (−4.0) | −28.2 (−18.8) | −29.7 (−21.5) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 9.9 (0.39) | 16.1 (0.63) | 26.4 (1.04) | 47.8 (1.88) | 80.5 (3.17) | 109.1 (4.30) | 231.3 (9.11) | 206.9 (8.15) | 76.0 (2.99) | 48.4 (1.91) | 42.0 (1.65) | 17.7 (0.70) | 912.1 (35.92) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.8 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 9.5 | 13.1 | 14.8 | 16.6 | 14.5 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 123.7 |
| Average snowy days | 8.7 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 7.1 | 10.3 | 43 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 68 | 63 | 58 | 55 | 63 | 73 | 80 | 82 | 78 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 69 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 167.0 | 179.7 | 211.6 | 205.2 | 229.5 | 206.2 | 183.0 | 187.3 | 197.3 | 189.8 | 137.0 | 139.2 | 2,232.8 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 56 | 59 | 57 | 51 | 51 | 46 | 40 | 44 | 53 | 56 | 47 | 49 | 51 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[4][5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[2] | |||||||||||||
Subdistricts:[6]
Towns:[6]
Townships:[6]
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