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Jewish English is a cover term for varieties of theEnglish language spoken byJews. They may include significant amounts ofvocabulary andsyntax taken fromYiddish, and bothclassical andmodern Hebrew. These varieties can be classified into several types:Yeshivish,Yinglish, andHeblish, as well as more flexible mixtures of English and otherJewish languages, which may contain features and other elements from languages other than Yiddish and Hebrew.
The classification "Jewish English" eliminates the need for concern with identifying the specific origin of the non-English components of any such variant. This offsets, for example, misperceptions that can result from failure to note the Hebrew origin of a word that may have become widely known inAnglophone contexts via Yiddish, and may be, therefore, simply regarded as Yiddish. (This problem is illustrated in thelist of English words of Yiddish origin.)[citation needed]
Several terms for hybrid Jewish English are being used or have been suggested.[1]
A set of terms refer to hybrids or mixtures of English and Yiddish rather than with Hebrew, and code-switching may be for representation of religious or cultural affiliation in speech, rather than language transfer reasons.[2] In the US these include: Yinglish, Yidgin English, Yidlish, Yiddiglish, Ameridish, Anglish, Heblish, Engdish, Engliddish, Engbrew, Englibrew, Jewish English, Jewish Dialect, Frumspeak, Yeshivish, Hebonics, Judeo-English.[2]
Heblish orHebrish, less frequentlyHebglish orEnglibrew,Engbrew,[3] all blends of the words "Hebrew" and "English", refer to any combination of the two languages, or tocode-switching between the languages.
The termHeblish was recorded earliest in 1979, withHebrish (1989) andHebglish (1993) appearing later. Other less common terms areHinglish (recorded from 1982) andHenglish (1983).[4] After that the public came back to using the term "Hebrish".
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)Yinglish, Yidgin English, Yidlish, Yiddiglish, Ameridish, Anglish, Heblish, Engdish, Engliddish, Engbrew, Englibrew, Jewish English, Jewish Dialect, Frumspeak, Yeshivish, Hebonics: all of these terms have been used to name a variety of English spoken by Jews in the United States. ... those who identify closely with religious and cultural aspects of Jewish life often represent their affiliation in speech.
{{cite book}}:|work= ignored (help)Joel's Nineteenth Law: Said in the name of Rabbi Yosi Gordon: Be an advocate ofHebglish (or if you prefer,Engbrew), the new "Yiddish" which is emerging around English rather than German. Use as many real Hebrew nouns in your English conversation as possible. / So let's talk about our version of "Eskimo Snow." While we know that all "Jewish" (Hebrew) words are good because they enhance identity and transmit culture, building atikkun olam vocabulary is a triple whammy. / a. It does all the "cultural uniqueness" stuff. Having a Jewish language makes a difference. ....
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