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Jeotgal

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Korean salted seafood category
Jeotgal
Upper:changnan-jeot (saltedpollocktripe)
Lower: pouringaekjeot (liquidjeot) onscallions
Alternative namesJeot, salted seafood
CourseBanchan
Place of originKorea
AssociatedcuisineKorean cuisine
Main ingredientsSeafood, salt
Similar dishesShiokara
Korean name
Hangul
젓; 젓갈
RRjeot; jeotgal
MRchŏt; chŏtkal
IPA[tɕʌt̚];[tɕʌt̚.k͈al]
Liquidjeotgal
Hangul
액젓
Hanja
液젓
RRaekjeot
MRaekchŏt
IPA[ɛk̚.tɕʌt̚]
This article is part of a series on
Korean cuisine
한국 요리
조선 료리

Jeotgal (Korean젓갈) orjeot (), translated assalted seafood, is a category of saltedpreserved dishes made with seafood such asshrimps,oysters,clams,fish, androe.[1][2][3] Depending on the ingredients,jeotgal can range from flabby or solid pieces to clear, broth-like liquid.

Solidjeotgal are usually eaten asbanchan (side dishes). Liquidjeotgal, calledaekjeot (액젓) orfish sauce, is popularly used inkimchi seasoning, as well as in various soups and stews (guk,jijimi,jjigae).[4] As acondiment, jeotgal with smaller bits of solid ingredients such assaeu-jeot (shrimpjeotgal) is commonly served as a dipping sauce with pork dishes (bossam,jokbal,samgyeopsal),sundae (Korean sausage),hoe (raw fish), and a number of soups and stews.

History

[edit]

Fermented foods were widely available inThree Kingdoms of Korea, asSānguózhì, aJin Chinese historical text published in 289, mentions that theGoguryeo Koreans are skilled in making fermented foods such as wine, soybean paste and salted and fermented fish in the section titledDongyi in theBook of Wei.[5][6] The first Korean record ofjeotgal appeared in the historical textSamguk sagi, with a reference thatKing Sinmun offered rice, wine, jerky, andjeotgal as wedding presents in 683.[7] In 1124, aSong Chinese envoy wrote thatjeotgal was enjoyed by high and low alike inGoryeo.[8] Twenty-four types ofjeotgal appear inMiam ilgi (眉巖日記), a 16th-century diary written by a 16th century Joseon literatusYu Hŭich'un [ko],[9] and over 180 types ofjeotgal can be found in the coeval booksGosa chwaryo (고사촬요;攷事撮要) andSwaemirok (쇄미록;瑣尾錄),[10][11] and in 17‒18th century booksŬmsik timibang,Sallim kyŏngje, andChŭngbo sallim kyŏngje.[12][13][14]

Types

[edit]

The types ofjeotgal vary depending on main ingredients, regions, and family and personal preferences. In past times, due to the limited availability of transportation, regions near seas had more types ofjeot compared to the inland areas.

Fish (fish innards and roe)

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  • Baendaengi-jeot (밴댕이젓) – saltedsardinella
  • Baengeo-jeot (뱅어젓) – salted babyChirolophis Japonicus(East asian prickleback)
  • Biut-jeot (비웃젓) – saltedherring
  • Bolak-jeot (볼락젓) – saltedrockfish
  • Byeongeo-jeot (병어젓) – saltedsilver pomfret
  • Changnan-jeot (창난젓) – saltedpollock innards
  • Cheongeo-al-jeot (청어알젓) – saltedherringroe
  • Daegu-al-jeot (대구알젓) – saltedcod roe
  • Daegu-iri-jeot (대구이리젓) – saltedcodmilt
  • Daechang-jeot (대창젓) – saltedcod innards
  • Domi-jeot (도미젓) – saltedsea bream
  • Dorumuk-jeot (도루묵젓) – saltedsandfish
  • Euneo-al-jeot (은어알젓) – saltedsweetfish roe
  • Gajami-jeot (가자미젓) – saltedrighteye flounder
  • Galchi-jeot (갈치젓) – saltedhairtail
  • Galchi-sok-jeot (갈치속젓) – saltedhairtail innards
  • Gangdari-jeot (강달이젓) – salted Collichthys niveatus(bighead croakerspecies under the familySciaenidae)
  • Godeungeo-naejang-jeot (고등어내장젓젓) – saltedchub mackerel innards
  • Goji-jeot (고지젓) – saltedpollock milt
  • Gwangnan-jeot (광란젓) – saltedolive flounder roe
  • Ingeo-jeot (잉어젓) – saltedcarp
  • Jangjae -jeot (장재젓) – saltedcodgill
  • Jari-jeot (자리젓) – saltedpearl-spot chromis
  • Jeoneo-bam-jeot (전어밤젓) – saltedgizzard shad tripe
  • Jeoneo-jeot (전어젓) – saltedgizzard shad
  • Jeongeori-jeot (정어리젓) – saltedsardine
  • Jogi-agami-jeot (조기아가미젓) – saltedyellow croaker gill
  • Jogi-al-jeot (조기알젓) – saltedyellow croaker roe
  • Jogi-jeot (조기젓) – saltedyellow croaker
  • Junchi-jeot (준치젓) – saltedilisha
  • Kkanari-jeot (까나리젓) – saltedsand lance
  • kkongchi-jeot (꽁치젓) – saltedsaury
  • Maegari-jeot (매가리젓) – saltedjack mackerel
  • Myeolchi-jeot (멸치젓) – saltedanchovy
  • Myeongnan-jeot (명란젓) – saltedpollock roe
  • Myeongtae-agami-jeot (명태아가미젓젓) – saltedpollock gill
  • Nansa-jeot (난사젓) – salted babysandlance
  • Neungseongeo-jeot (능성어젓) – saltedgrouper
  • Obunjagi-jeot (오분자기젓) – salted babyabalone
  • Sokjeot (속젓) – saltedyellow croaker innards
  • Sungeo-al-jeot (숭어알젓) – saltedmullet roe
  • Taean-jeot (태안젓) – saltedpollock eye
  • Ttora-jeot (또라젓) – saltedmullet innards
  • Ungeo-jeot (웅어젓) – saltedgrenadier anchovy
  • Yeoneo-al-jeot (연어알젓) – saltedsalmon roe
  • Yeopsak-jeot (엽삭젓) – saltedgizzard shad tripe

Shellfish and other marine animals

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Gallery

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See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toJeotgal.
  • Sikhae – Salted fermented fish in Korean cuisine
  • Shiokara – Japanese snack made of salty seafood

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Jeotgal".Korea Tourism Organization. Archived fromthe original on 2004-04-23.Archived 2004-04-23 at theWayback Machine
  2. ^"jeotgal"젓갈 [salted seafood].Korean–English Learners' Dictionary.National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved29 March 2017.
  3. ^"jeot" [salted seafood].Korean–English Learners' Dictionary.National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved29 March 2017.
  4. ^"aekjeot"액젓.Standard Korean Language Dictionary (in Korean).National Institute of Korean Language. Archived fromthe original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved29 March 2017.
  5. ^Hui, Y. H.; Ghazala, Sue; Graham, Dee M.; Murrell, K. D.; Nip, Wai-Kit, eds. (2004).Handbook of Vegetable Preservation and Processing. New York:Marcel Dekker. pp. 190–191.ISBN 0824743016.
  6. ^Chén, Shòu. "Wūwán Xiānbēi Dōngyí chuán 烏丸鮮卑東夷傳"三國志/卷30.[[s:zh:|]]三國志 [Records of the Three Kingdoms] (in Chinese). Jin China – viaWikisource.
  7. ^Kim, Busik (1145).[[s:ko:|]]삼국사기(三國史記) [History of the Three Kingdoms] (in Korean). Goryeo Korea – viaWikisource.
  8. ^Xú, Jīng (1124).[[s:zh:|]]宣和奉使高麗圖經 [Illustrated Account of Goryeo] (in Chinese). Song China – viaWikisource.
  9. ^Yu, Huichun (1577).Miam ilgi미암일기(미암일기; 眉巖日記) [Diary of Miam]. Joseon Korea.
  10. ^Eo, Sukgwon (1554).Gosa chwaryo고사촬요(攷事撮要) [Selected Essentials on Verified Facts]. Joseon Korea.
  11. ^O, Huimun (1601).Swaemirok쇄미록(瑣尾錄) [Records of a Refugee]. Joseon Korea.
  12. ^Jang, Gyehyang (1670).Eumsik dimibang음식디미방 [Guidebook of Homemade Food and Drinks]. (inMiddle Korean). Andong, Joseon Korea.
  13. ^Hong, Manseon.Sallim gyeongje산림경제(山林經濟) [Farm Management] (in Literary Chinese). Joseon Korea. Archived fromthe original on 2017-03-28. Retrieved2020-02-02 – viaDB of Korean classics byITKC.Archived 2017-03-28 at theWayback Machine
  14. ^Yu, Jungrim; Hong, Manseon (1766).Jeungbo sallim gyeongje증보산림경제(增補山林經濟) [Revised and Augmented Farm Management]. Joseon Korea.
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