Jashpur district | |
|---|---|
 Gullu waterfall on theIb River | |
 Interactive map of Jashpur district | |
| Coordinates (Jashpur Nagar):22°54′N84°09′E / 22.900°N 84.150°E /22.900; 84.150 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Chhattisgarh |
| Division | Surguja |
| Headquarters | Jashpur Nagar |
| Tehsils | 8 |
| Government | |
| • District Collector and Magistrate | Ritesh Kumar Agrawal |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | 1 |
| • Vidhan Sabha constituencies | 3 KunkuriJashpur Pathalgaon |
| Area | |
• Total | 5,838 km2 (2,254 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 851,669 |
| • Density | 145.9/km2 (377.8/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 82% |
| • Sex ratio | 1000:1004 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 496xxx (Jashpur)[1] |
| Major highways | 1(NH-43) |
| Average annual precipitation | 1400 mm |
| Website | jashpur |
Jashpur district is a district of the central Indian state ofChhattisgarh borderingJharkhand andOdisha.Jashpur Nagar is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district was formerly a princely state before Independence. Highly mountainous and forested, Jashpur is known for its natural environment.[citation needed]
Shri Ritesh Agrawal is the District Collector and Magistrate of Jashpur. He has previously served as DM Bijapur, CEO Zila Panchayat Bilaspur, Bastar, Dhamtari & Gariyaband.[2]
During theBritish Raj Jashpur town was the capital ofJashpur State, one of theprincely states of theEastern States Agency.[3] Merged with independent India in 1948, the last king before Independence was Vijay Bhushan Singh Ju Deo.
The north-south length of this district is about 150 km, and its east-west breadth is about 85 km. Its total area is 6,205 km2. It is between 22° 17′ and 23° 15′ North latitude and 83° 30′ and 84° 24′ East longitude. Geographical area was 6701 km2. It is bordered byBalrampur district to the north,Gumla district of Jharkhand to the east,Simdega district of Jharkhand andSundergarh district of Odisha to the southeast,Raigarh district to the southwest andSurguja district to the west.
It is divided geographically into two parts. The northern hilly belt is called the Upper Ghat. The remaining, southern part, is called Nichghat.
The upper ghat runs from Loroghat Kastura, Narayanpur, Bagicha up toSurguja and Balrampur districts. This belt is a forest area and contains a reserve forest. It covers Sanna, Bagicha, and Narayanpur. The upper ghat is an extension plateau covering 1384 km2 which is about 1200 meters above sea level and is covered by a dense forest. The elevated plateau is called "Pat". The Upper Ghat is climbed through Loroghat. Loroghat is about 4 km in length and there are three turnings that are very dangerous.
Nichghat is flat in general but also has many big mountains. In Jashpur Raigarh road there are two moreghats, Jhanda ghat before Kansabel and Belaghat after Kansabel.
Major rivers in the Mahanadi basin are Ib and its tributaries such as Dorki, Maini, Kokiya, Utai, Khadung, Girma and Burhi. In the eastern part, rivers named Baki and Lava Nadi flow in the Brahmani basin. Lower Ganges part is mainly drained by Geor and Kanhar rivers. The drainage pattern is dendritic and is highly irregular, which is reflective of the topography. Irregular topography results in huge base flow through the streams and less recharge.
The main towns situated on thenational highway (N.H.78) are Lodam, Gholeng, and Jashpur in the Upper ghat and Kunkuri, Bandarchuwan, Kansabel, Ludeg, and Pathalgaon. The roads running from Jashpur H.Q are:
Kunkuri is the hottest region in Nichghat during the summer andPandrapat is the coldest region in Upper Ghat in the winter. It is situated between forests. It is a junction, from Raigarh and from Ambikapur or Jashpur all the people need to cross Patthalgaon first.
Weather record|location =Jashpur District (1998–2015)
| Weather Data | JAN | FEB | MAR | APR | MAY | JUN | JULY | AUG | SEPT | OCT | NOV | DEC | Annual |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Max Temperature (°C) | 31.20 | 35.19 | 39.13 | 42.87 | 43.74 | 44.0 | 36.77 | 33.50 | 34.29 | 33.56 | 32.80 | 30.25 | 36.45 |
| Min Temperature (°C) | 1.18 | 5.83 | 8.77 | 16.01 | 19.13 | 20.67 | 20.48 | 21.01 | 19.48 | 13.2 | 8.15 | 5.66 | 13.33 |
| Rainfall(mm) | 19.23 | 16.25 | 20.42 | 19.87 | 36.50 | 191.1 | 389.62 | 380.44 | 236.83 | 75.85 | 7.23 | 6.77 | 1400.173 |
Yellow soils (Ultisols)and red soils (Alfisols)developed over the granitoidsoccupy most part of the districtBlack soils (Inceptisols) haveformed over the deccan traps in small patches.
Most part of the District is covered bygranitoids. A small portion in thenorthwestern part is occupied by the Deccan Traps and Lametas. Almostthe entire area has a thicklaterite cover.Nearly 90% of the area in the district is covered with granitoids, which includegranite gneiss,chlorite-biotitegneiss,muscovitegranite,granodiorite etc. Remaining areais occupied by Deccan Traps and Lametas. The entire has a thick carapace of laterite.Thickness of laterite cover varies from a few metres to more than 30m at several places.Broadly the area can be divided into 4 hydro-stratigraphic units viz. Laterite, Granitoids,Deccan Traps and Lametas.
i) Major Physiographic Units - The northern hilly areas can becategorised as structural hillsand the relatively plain areas inthe southern part can becategorised as pediplains.
ii) Major Drainage - Mahanadi basin occupies nearly 71% area in the central part, Bramhani basin covers 21% area in the eastern partand Lower Ganges basinspreads over an area of 8% inthe northern part of the district.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 159,294 | — |
| 1911 | 206,251 | +2.62% |
| 1921 | 215,312 | +0.43% |
| 1931 | 256,811 | +1.78% |
| 1941 | 292,592 | +1.31% |
| 1951 | 316,932 | +0.80% |
| 1961 | 394,150 | +2.20% |
| 1971 | 497,731 | +2.36% |
| 1981 | 560,958 | +1.20% |
| 1991 | 656,352 | +1.58% |
| 2001 | 743,160 | +1.25% |
| 2011 | 851,669 | +1.37% |
| source:[4] | ||
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 73.91% | |||
| Christianity | 22.26% | |||
| Islam | 1.80% | |||
| Other(tribal religion) | 1.74% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.29% | |||
According to the2011 census Jashpur district has apopulation of 851,669,[6] roughly equal to the nation ofQatar[7] or the US state ofSouth Dakota.[8] This gives it a ranking of 473rd in India (out of a total of640).[6] The district has a population density of 146 inhabitants per square kilometre (380/sq mi).[6] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.65%.[6] Jashpur has asex ratio of 1004females for every 1000 males,[6] and aliteracy rate of 68.6%. 8.92% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 5.73% and 62.28% of the population respectively.[6]
At the time of the2011 Census of India, 48.83% of the population in the district spokeSadri, 27.57%Kurukh, 9.60%Chhattisgarhi, 5.09%Odia, 4.98%Hindi and 1.36%Bhojpuri as their first language.[9]
Qatar 848,016 July 2011 est.
South Dakota 814,180
Places adjacent to Jashpur district | |
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