James Livingston, 1st Earl of Newburgh (c. 1622 – 4 December 1670) was aScottishpeer who sat in theHouse of Commons of England from 1661 to 1670. He supported theRoyalist cause in theEnglish Civil War.
Livingston was the only son of Sir John Livingstone ofKinnaird and his wife Jane Sproxton, daughter of Richard Sproxton of Wakefield, Yorkshire. His father was a page of the bedchamber toJames VI and I.[1] He succeeded his father as 2nd Baronet in 1628.[2] He matriculated atMerton College, Oxford on 17 December 1638, aged 16[3] and travelled abroad in France from about 1642 to 1646.
When he joined King Charles at Newcastle in 1646, he was createdViscount of Newburgh in thePeerage of Scotland. He and his wife made plans in December 1648 to rescue the King before his trial but nothing came of it and they fled to the Netherlands. In 1650, he went with Charles II to Scotland, subscribed to the Covenant, and took his seat in the Scottish House of Lords. He was a lieutenant colonel in the Life Guards at theBattle of Worcester and after the battle he fled abroad again where he spent his time duelling and corresponding with the Scottish Royalists. From 1656 to 1658, he was a colonel of horse in the Spanish army and commanded a Scottish Royalist regiment which fought at theBattle of the Dunes (1658).[2]
After the Restoration, Livingston was captain of the bodyguard in Scotland and was createdEarl of Newburgh,Viscount of Kynnaird andLord Livingston. He became lord of the manor of Cirencester in 1660 through his second marriage. In 1661 he was electedMember of Parliament forCirencester in theCavalier Parliament.[2] He was awarded MA at Oxford on 9 September 1661.[3]
Livingston died at the age of about 48 and was buried at St. Margaret's, Westminster.[2]
Livingston married firstly before 1648Katherine Stuart, widow of George, 9thSeigneur d'Aubigny and daughter ofTheophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk. They had one daughter,Elizabeth (1648–1717), who was brought up in England by his sister Dorothy Livingston, the wife ofSir Charles Stanhope, and married Robert Delaval. She is known for her journal and moral reflections.[4] She was also a Jacobite agent.[5]
Livingston married secondly around May 1660, Anne Poole daughter ofSir Henry Poole of Sapperton, Gloucestershire. He was succeeded by his only sonCharles.[2]
| Parliament of England | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Member of Parliament forCirencester 1661–1670 With:John George | Succeeded by |
| Baronetage of Nova Scotia | ||
| Preceded by | Baronet (of Kinnaird) 1628–1670 | Succeeded by |
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
| New creation | Earl of Newburgh 1660–1670 | Succeeded by |
| Viscount of Newburgh 1647–1670 | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
