Jaguar's business was founded as theSwallow Sidecar Company in 1922, originally making motorcyclesidecars before developing bodies for passenger cars. Under the ownership ofSS Cars, the business extended to complete cars made in association withStandard Motor Company, many bearingJaguar as a model name. The company's name was changed from SS Cars to Jaguar Cars in 1945. A merger with theBritish Motor Corporation followed in 1966,[3] the resulting enlarged company now being renamed asBritish Motor Holdings (BMH), which in 1968 merged with Leyland Motor Corporation and becameBritish Leyland, itself to benationalised in 1975.
Ford owned Jaguar Cars, also buyingLand Rover in 2000, until 2008 when it sold both toTata Motors. Tata createdJaguar Land Rover as a subsidiary holding company. At operating company level, Jaguar Cars was merged in 2013 with Land Rover to form Jaguar Land Rover as the single design, manufacture, sales company, and brand owner for both Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles.
Since the Ford ownership era, Jaguar and Land Rover have used joint design facilities in engineering centres atWhitley inCoventry andGaydon inWarwickshire and Jaguar cars have been assembled in plants atCastle Bromwich andSolihull. On 15 February 2021, Jaguar Land Rover announced that all cars made under the Jaguar brand will be fully electric by 2025.
Jaguar cars bonnet mascot
History
Founding
TheSwallow Sidecar Company was founded in 1922 by two motorcycle enthusiasts,William Lyons andWilliam Walmsley. In 1934, Walmsley elected to sell-out and in order to buy the Swallow business (but not the company which was liquidated) Lyons formedSS Cars, finding new capital by issuing shares to the public.
Jaguar first appeared in September 1935 as a model name on an SS 2½-litresports saloon.[11][12] A matching open two seater sports model with a 3½-litre engine was namedSS Jaguar 100.
On 23 March 1945, the S. S. Cars shareholders in general meeting agreed to change the company's name to Jaguar Cars Limited. Said chairman William Lyons "Unlike S. S. the name Jaguar is distinctive and cannot be connected or confused with any similar foreign name."[13]
Though five years of pent-up demand ensured plenty of buyers production was hampered by shortage of materials, particularly steel, issued to manufacturers until the 1950s by a central planning authority under strict government control. Jaguar soldMotor Panels, a pressed steel body manufacturing company bought in the late 1930s, to steel and components manufacturerRubery Owen,[14] and Jaguar bought fromJohn Black'sStandard Motor Company the plant where Standard built Jaguar's six-cylinder engines.[14] From this time Jaguar was entirely dependent for their bodies on external suppliers, in particular then independentPressed Steel and in 1966 that carried them into BMC, BMH and British Leyland.
Jaguar made its name by producing a series of successful eye-catching sports cars, theJaguar XK120 (1948–54),Jaguar XK140 (1954–57),Jaguar XK150 (1957–61), andJaguar E-Type (1961–75), all embodying Lyons' mantra of "value for money".[15] The sports cars were successful in international motorsport, a path followed in the 1950s to prove the engineering integrity of the company's products.
Jaguar's sales slogan for years was "Grace, Space, Pace",[16] a mantra epitomised by the record sales achieved by the MK VII, IX, Mks I and II saloons and later the XJ6.[citation needed] During the time this slogan was used, but the exact text varied.[17][18][19][20]
The core of Bill Lyons' success following theSecond World War was thetwin-cam straight six engine, conceived pre-war and realised while engineers at the Coventry plant were dividing their time between fire-watching and designing the new power plant. It had a hemispherical cross-flow cylinder head with valves inclined from the vertical; originally at 30 degrees (inlet) and 45 degrees (exhaust) and later standardised to 45 degrees for both inlet and exhaust.
As fueloctane ratings were relatively low from 1948 onwards, three piston configuration were offered: domed (high octane), flat (medium octane), and dished (low octane).
The main designer,William Heynes, assisted byWalter Hassan, was determined to develop the TwinOHC unit. Bill Lyons agreed over misgivings from Hassan. It was risky to take what had previously been considered a racing or low-volume and cantankerous engine needing constant fettling and apply it to reasonable volume production saloon cars.
The subsequent engine (in various versions) was the mainstay powerplant of Jaguar, used in the XK 120, Mk VII Saloon, Mk I and II Saloons and XK 140 and 150. It was also employed in the E Type, itself a development from the race winning and Le Mans conquering C and D Type Sports Racing cars refined as the short-lived XKSS, a road-legal D-Type.
Few engine types have demonstrated such ubiquity and longevity: Jaguar used the Twin OHCXK Engine, as it came to be known, in the Jaguar XJ6 saloon from 1969 through 1992, and employed in a J60 variant as the power plant in such diverse vehicles as the British Army'sCombat Vehicle Reconnaissance (Tracked) family of vehicles, as well as theFox armoured reconnaissance vehicle, theFerret Scout Car, and the Stonefield four-wheel-drive all-terrain lorry. Properly maintained, the standard production XK Engine would achieve 200,000 miles of useful life.
Two of the proudest moments in Jaguar's long history in motor sport involved winning theLe Mans 24 hours race, firstly in 1951 and again in 1953. Victory at the 1955 Le Mans was overshadowed by it being the occasion ofthe worst motorsport accident in history. Later in the hands of the Scottish racing team Ecurie Ecosse two more wins were added in 1956 and 1957.
In spite of such a performance orientation, it was always Lyons' intention to build the business by producing world-class sporting saloons in larger numbers than the sports car market could support. Jaguar secured financial stability and a reputation for excellence with a series of elegantly styled luxury saloons that included the 3-litre and 3½ litre cars, the Mark VII, VIII, and IX, the compact Mark I and 2, and the XJ6 and XJ12. All were deemed very good values, with comfortable rides, good handling, high performance, and great style.
Combined with the trend-setting XK 120, XK 140, and XK 150 series of sports car, and nonpareil E-Type,[citation needed] Jaguar's elan as a prestige motorcar manufacturer had few rivals. The company's post-War achievements are remarkable, considering both the shortages that drove Britain (theMinistry of Supply still allocated raw materials) and the state of metallurgical development of the era.
Daimler
In 1950, Jaguar agreed to lease from the Ministry of Supply the Daimler Shadow 2 factory inBrowns Lane, Allesley, Coventry, which at the time was being used byDaimler and moved to the new site from Foleshill over the next 12 months.[21] Jaguar purchased Daimler, not to be confused withDaimler-Benz orDaimler AG, in 1960 fromBSA. From the late 1960s, Jaguar used the Daimler marque as a brand name for their most luxurious saloons.[22]
An end to independence (1965–1984)
Pressed Steel Company Limited made all Jaguar's (monocoque) bodies leaving provision and installation of the mechanicals to Jaguar. In mid-1965British Motor Corporation (BMC), theAustin-Morris combine, bought Pressed Steel.[23] Lyons became concerned about the future of Jaguar, partly because of the threat to ongoing supplies of bodies, and partly because of his age and lack of an heir. He therefore accepted BMC's offer to merge with Jaguar to form British Motor (Holdings) Limited.[24] At a press conference on 11 July 1965 at the Great Eastern Hotel in London, Lyons and BMC chairman George Harriman announced, "Jaguar Group of companies is to merge with The British Motor Corporation Ltd., as the first step towards the setting up of a joint holding company to be called British Motor (Holdings) Limited". In due course BMC changed its name toBritish Motor Holdings[25] at the end of 1966.
BMH was pushed by the Government to merge with Leyland Motor Corporation Limited, manufacturer ofLeyland bus and truck,Standard-Triumph and, since 1967,Rover vehicles. The result wasBritish Leyland Motor Corporation, a new holding company which appeared in 1968, but the combination was not a success. A combination of poor decision making by the board along with the financial difficulties of, especially, the Austin-Morris division (previously BMC) led to theRyder Report and to effective nationalisation in 1975.[citation needed]
Temporary return to independence (1984–1989)
Over the next few years it became clear that because of the low regard for many of the group's products insufficient capital could be provided to develop and begin manufacture of new models, including Jaguars, particularly if Jaguar were to remain a part of the group.[26]
Installed as chairman in 1980,Sir John Egan is credited for Jaguar's unprecedented prosperity immediately after privatisation. In early 1986 Egan reported he had tackled the main problems that were holding Jaguar back from selling more cars: quality control, lagging delivery schedules, poor productivity. He laid off about one third of the company's roughly 10,000 employees to cut costs.[29] Commentators later pointed out he exploited an elderly model range (on which all development costs had been written off) and raised prices. He also intensified the effort to improve Jaguar's quality. In the US the price increases were masked by a favourable exchange rate.[30]
Under Ford's ownership Jaguar expanded its range of products with the launch of theS-Type in 1999 andX-type in 2001. After PAG acquired Land Rover in May 2000 purchase by Ford, the brand became closely associated with Jaguar. In many countries they shared a common sales and distribution network (including shared dealerships), and some models shared components, although the only shared production facility wasHalewood Body & Assembly – which manufactured the technically related X-Type and the Freelander 2. Operationally the two companies were effectively integrated under a common management structure within Ford's PAG.
Before the sale was announced,Anthony Bamford, chairman of British excavator manufacturerJCB had expressed interest in purchasing the company in August 2006,[35] but backed out upon learning that the sale would also involve Land Rover, which he did not wish to buy. On Christmas Eve of 2007, Mahindra and Mahindra backed out of the race for both brands, citing complexities in the deal.[36]
On 1 January 2008, Ford announced Tata as the preferred bidder.[37]Tata Motors also received endorsements from the Transport And General Worker's Union (TGWU)-Amicus[38]combine as well as from Ford.[39] According to the rules of the auction process, this announcement would not automatically disqualify any other potential suitor. However, Ford (as well as representatives ofUnite) would now be able to enter into detailed discussions with Tata concerning issues ranging from labour concerns (job security and pensions), technology (IT systems and engine production) and intellectual property,[40] as well as the final sale price.[41] Ford would also open its books for a more comprehensivedue diligence by Tata.[42] On 18 March 2008,Reuters reported that American bankersCitigroup andJP Morgan would finance the deal with a US$3billion loan.[43]
On 26 March 2008, Ford announced that it had agreed to sell its Jaguar and Land Rover operations to Tata Motors of India, and that they expected to complete the sale by the end of the second quarter of 2008.[44] Included in the deal were the rights to three other British brands, Jaguar's ownDaimler, as well as two dormant brandsLanchester andRover.[45] On 2 June 2008, the sale to Tata was completed at a cost of £1.7 billion.[46][47][48]
On 18 January 2008, Tata Motors, a part of theTata Group, establishedJaguar Land Rover (JLR) as a British-registered and wholly owned subsidiary. The company was to be used as a holding company for the acquisition of the two businesses from Ford – Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover. That acquisition was completed on 2 June 2008.[49] On 1 January 2013, the group, which had been operating as two separate companies (Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover), although on an integrated basis, underwent a fundamental restructuring. The parent company was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC, Jaguar Cars Limited was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Limited and the assets (excluding certain Chinese interests) of Land Rover were transferred to it. The consequence was that Jaguar Land Rover Limited became responsible in the UK for the design, manufacture and marketing of both Jaguar and Land Rover products.[50]
Sales in 2013 amounted to 76,668 units, an increase of 42% compared to 2012. The most significant growth was observed inGermany and theUnited States.[51]
In 2020, the former CEO of the French company Renault,Thierry Bolloré, replacedRalf Speth as the head of Jaguar Land Rover.[52]
In 2023, JLR announced plans to move Jaguar further upmarket, following years of zero-profitability and poor sales. The holding company detailed its plans to downsize Jaguar into a lower volume brand, competing closer to the likes ofBentley and Porsche.[53][54][55] In June 2024, the company stopped production of every model except for the F-Pace, aligning goals to fully electrify the marque by 2025.[56] Instead, three brand new electric models will be introduced on the new JEA platform, starting with a four-door electric grand tourer in 2025.[57]
Electrification (2025–present)
On 19 November 2024, Jaguar unveiled an advertisement showcasing its new logo and branding ahead of its relaunch in 2026 as an electric-only brand.[58] The rebrand marked the introduction of a new typeface, colour palette, as well as new device mark, in a direction the company referred to as 'exuberant modernism'.[59][60]
The change was markedly controversial, being met with criticism online,[61] notably including that fromElon Musk, American comedianStephen Colbert, and British politicianNigel Farage.[62] Critics pointed out the rebrand's alienation of Jaguar's traditional customers, accusing the brand of 'going woke'.[63] Others have instead commended the rebrand as marketing 'genius', having captured mainstream attention for the brand worldwide online and on mainstream media.[64][65]
On 4 December 2024, Jaguar revealed theType 00 concept car atMiami Art Week,[66] a non-production model which showcases the brand's design direction for its future electric cars.[67] Like its rebrand a couple weeks prior, the car was met with a similarly polarised reception, inviting both derision and praise.[68][69]
Following the rebranding and the new strategy, Jaguar ended the production of combustion engine vehicles in 2024, starting an interim period for the company to transition into a new all-electric lineup by 2026. Sales dropped by 97.5% in 2025 as a result of the brand's cessation of new car production, with its sales limited to older cars on stock from previous years.[70][71][72]
From 1922 the Swallow Sidecar company (SSC) was located inBlackpool. The company moved to Holbrook Lane,Coventry in 1928 when demand for theAustin Swallow became too great for the factory's capacity.[73] The company started using theJaguar name whilst based in Holbrooks Lane.
In 1951, having outgrown the original Coventry site they moved to Browns Lane, which had been a wartime "shadow factory" run byThe Daimler Company. TheBrowns Lane plant ceased trim and final operations in 2005, the X350XJ having already moved to Castle Bromwich two years prior, with theXK andS-Type following. The Browns Lane plant, which continued producing veneer trim for a while and housed the Jaguar Daimler Heritage centre until it moved to theBritish Motor Museum site, has now been demolished and is being redeveloped.
Jaguar acquired the Whitley engineering centre fromPeugeot in 1986, the facility having been part ofChrysler Europe which the French firm had owned since the late 1970s. The decision to offload the site to Jaguar came as Peugeot discontinued theTalbot brand for passenger cars. In 2016, Jaguar also moved into part of the old Peugeot/Chrysler/Rootes site inRyton-on-Dunsmore which closed a decade earlier – this now is the home of Jaguar Land Rover's classic restoration operation.
Jaguar'sRadford plant, originally a Daimler bus plant but later a Jaguar engine and axle plant, was closed by Ford in 1997 when it moved all Jaguar engine production to itsBridgend facility.
In 2000, Ford turned itsHalewood plant over to Jaguar following the discontinuation of its long runningEscort that year for Jaguar's newX-Type model. It was later joined by the second-generation Land Rover Freelander 2, from 2007. Jaguars ceased being produced at Halewood in 2009 following the discontinuation of the X-Type; Halewood now becoming a Land Rover-only plant.
SinceJaguar Land Rover was formed following the merger of Jaguar Cars with Land Rover, facilities have been shared across several JLR sites, most of which are used for work on both the Jaguar and Land Rover brands.[74][75]
TheF-Type convertible was launched at the2012 Paris Motor Show, following its display at theGoodwood Festival of Speed in June 2012,[82] and is billed as a successor to the legendaryE-Type. In fact, the Series III E-Type already had a successor, in the form of theXJS, which was in turn replaced by the XK8 and XKR. The F-Type nevertheless returns to the 2-seat plan that was lost with the introduction of the Series III E-Type, which was available only in a 2+2-seat configuration. It was developed following the positive reaction to Jaguar's C-X16 concept car at the 2011 Frankfurt Auto Show. Sales began in 2013 with three engine choices; two variants of the AJ126 V6 petrol engine and the AJ133 V8 petrol engine.[83] Production ended in June 2024, by which time 87,731 examples had been built.[84]
TheJaguar I-Pace is anelectricSUV, officially revealed on 1 March 2018. It is Jaguar's first electric car. Amid slowing sales[85] and a change in corporate vision, Jaguar has announced that the I-Pace will be discontinued by 2025.[86] Production of the I-Pace ended in December 2024.[80][87]
TheXE is the first compact executive Jaguar since the 2009 model year X-Type and is the first of several Jaguar models to be built using Jaguar's new modular aluminium architecture,[citation needed] moving the company away from the Ford derived platforms that were used in the past for the X-Type and XF. The use of Jaguar's own platform allows the XE to feature either rear-wheel drive or all-wheel drive configurations, and it is the first car in its segment with an aluminium monocoque structure.[88] Originally announced at the 2014Geneva Motor Show with sales scheduled for 2015.[89] Production of the XE ceased in mid 2024.[79]
TheJaguar XF is amid-sizeexecutive car introduced in 2008 to replace theS-Type. In January 2008, the XF was awarded theWhat Car? 'Car of the Year' and 'Executive Car of the Year' awards. The XF was also awarded Car of the Year 2008 fromWhat Diesel? magazine. Engines available in the XF are 2.2-litreI4 and 3.0-litreV6 diesel engines, or 3.0 litre V6 and 5.0-litreV8 petrol engines. The 5.0 Litre engine is available in supercharged form in the XFR. From 2011, the 2.2-litre diesel engine from the Land Rover Freelander was added to the range as part of a facelift.[90] Production of the XF ceased in mid 2024.[79]
Jaguar began producing R models in 1995 with the introduction of the first XJR, and the first XKR was introduced in 1997. Jaguar R, R-S and SVR models are designated to compete with the likes ofMercedes-AMG,BMW M andAudi S and RS.
The company changed its name from SS Cars to Jaguar Cars in 1945, but between 1935 and 1945 the cars had the marque ‘SS Jaguar’ on them. During this period they produced theSS90 and theSS100. From 1945 the renamed Jaguar company started production of the pre-war 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5-litre models, which used engines designed by theStandard Motor Company. The 1.5-litre four-cylinder engine was still supplied by Standard but the two larger six-cylinder ones were made in house. These cars have become known unofficially asMark IVs.
The first post-war model was the September 1948Mark V available with either 2.5 or 3.5-litre engines. It had a slightly more streamlined appearance than pre-war models, but more important was the change to torsion bar independent front suspension and hydraulic brakes.[citation needed] In the spring of 1948 Lyons had returned from USA reporting Jaguar's individuality and perceived quality attracted the admiration of American buyers accustomed to the virtual uniformity of their home-grown vehicles.[91]
The 1948XK120 was a breakthrough both for Jaguar and post-WWII sports cars.
The first big breakthrough was the launch in October 1948 of their newrecord-breaking engine design in theirXK120 sportscar to replace the prewarSS Jaguar 100. It was powered by a new twinoverhead camshaft (DOHC) 3.5-litrehemi-head six-cylinder engine designed byWilliam Heynes,Walter Hassan and Claude Baily. The XK100 4-cylinder 2-Litre version had broken records in Belgium travelling at 177 mph. This XK engine had been designed at night during the war when they would be on fire watch in the factory. After several attempts a final design was achieved. That is until owner William Lyons said "make it quieter".
The sportscar bearing its prefix X had originally been intended as a short production model of about 200 vehicles. A test bed for the new engine until its intended home, the newMark VII saloon, was ready.[citation needed]
1960sMark 2 became one of the most recognisable Jaguar models ever produced.
The second big breakthrough was the large Mark VII saloon in 1950, a car especially conceived for the American market, Jaguar was overwhelmed with orders. The Mark VII and its successors gathered rave reviews from magazines such asRoad & Track andThe Motor. In 1956 a Mark VII won the prestigiousMonte Carlo Rally. The XK120's exceptional reception was followed in 1954 by an improvedXK140 then in May 1957 a fully revisedXK150.
TheMark X later renamed the Jaguar 420G, was the basis for the later XJ6
In 1955, theTwo-point-four or 2.4-litre saloon (named by enthusiasts2.4 Mark 1) was the firstmonocoque (unitary) car from Jaguar.[citation needed] Its 2.4-litre short-stroke version of the XK engine provided 100 mph (160 km/h) performance. In 1957, the 3.4-litre version with disk brakes, wire wheels and other options was introduced, with a top speed of 120 mph (190 km/h). In October 1959, an extensively revised version of the car with wider windows and 2.4, 3.4, and 3.8-litre engine options became theMark 2. The 3.8 Mark 2 was popular with British police forces for its small size and 125 mph (201 km/h) performance.
TheMark VIII of 1956 andMark IX of 1958 were essentially updates of the Mark VII, but the oversizeMark X of 1961 was a completely new design of large saloon with all round independent suspension and unitary construction. Jaguar launched theE-Type in 1961.
The independent rear suspension from the Mark X was incorporated in the 1963S-Type, a Mark 2 lengthened to contain the complex rear suspension, and in 1967 the Mark 2 name was dropped when the small saloons became the 240/340 range. The420 of 1966, also sold as theDaimler Sovereign, put a new front onto the S-type, although both cars continued in parallel until the S-Type was dropped in 1968. The slow-selling Mark X became the 420G in 1966 and was dropped at the end of the decade. Jaguar was saved by its new equally capacious but very much trimmer newXJ6.
Of the more recent saloons, the most significant is theXJ (1968–1992). From 1968 on, the Series I XJ saw minor changes, first in 1973 (to Series II), 1979 (Series III), a complete redesign for 1986/1987 in XJ40, further modifications in 1995 (X300), in 1997 with V8-power (X308), and a major advance in 2003 with an industry-first aluminium monocoque-chassis (X350). The most luxurious XJ models carried either theVanden Plas (US) orDaimler (rest of world) nameplates. In 1972, the 12-cylinder engine was introduced in the XJ, while simultaneously being offered in the E Type. There was a production run of two-door XJ coupés with a pillarless hardtop body called theXJ-C which was built between 1975 and 1977, in addition to about 2,000 Daimler-badged examples.
TheXJ220—the world's fastest production car in 1992
1992 saw the introduction of the mid-engined, twin-turboXJ220, powered by a 542 bhp (404 kW; 550 PS) V6 engine. The XJ220 was confirmed the fastest production car in the world at the time afterMartin Brundle recorded a speed of 217 mph (349 km/h) on theNardo track in Italy.[92]
Over the years many Jaguar models have sported the famous chrome plated Leaping Jaguar, traditionally forming part of the radiator cap. Known as "The Leaper", this iconic mascot has been the subject of controversy in recent times when banned for safety reasons from cars supplied to Europe whilst it continued to be fitted on cars destined for the United States, Middle East and Far East. It has now been dropped from all the latest Jaguar models, although some customers add it to their car as a customisation.
Jaguar XJ Supersport -Jaguar XJ available 2009–2019
TheJaguar S-Type, first appeared in 1999 and stopped production in 2008. It has now been replaced by the Jaguar XF. Early S-Types suffered from reliability problems but those were mostly resolved by the 2004 model year.[93]
TheJaguar X-Type was a compactexecutive car launched in 2001, while the company was under Ford ownership, sharing its platform with theFord Mondeo. X-Type production ended in 2009.[94]
TheJaguar XK was a luxurygrand tourer introduced in 2006, where it replaced theXK8. The XK introduced an aluminium monocoque bodyshell, and was available both as a two-door coupé and two-doorcabriolet/convertible.[95] Production ceased in 2014.
Project 7, a limited edition sports car based on the F-Type
TheJaguar XJ was afull-size luxury saloon. The model was in production since 1968, with production ceasing in 2019, with the first generation being the last Jaguar car to have creative input by the company's founder,Sir William Lyons, although this is disputed as some Jaguar historians claim that the second generation XJ – theXJ40 series – was the last car which Lyons had influenced. The XJ40 originally launched in 1986 and went through two major revamps in 1994 (X300) and 1997 (X308) for a total production run of 17 years.
In early 2003, the third generation XJ – theX350 – arrived in showrooms and while the car's exterior and interior styling were traditional in appearance, the car was completely re-engineered. Its styling attracted much criticism from many motoring journalists who claimed that the car looked old-fashioned and barely more modern than its predecessor, many even citing that the 'Lyons line' had been lost in the translation from XJ40 into X350 XJ, even though beneath the shell lay a highly advanced aluminium construction that put the XJ very near the top of its class.[96]
Jaguar responded to the criticism with the introduction of the fourth generation XJ, launched in 2009. Its exterior styling is a departure from previous XJs, with a more youthful, contemporary stance, following the design shift that came into effect previously with the company'sXF andXK models.[97] The 5-litre V8 engine in the XJ Supersport can accelerate the car from 0 to 60 mph (0–97 km/h) in 4.7 seconds, and has a UK CO2 emission rating of 289 g/km. To cater to the limousine market, all XJ models are offered with alonger wheelbase (LWB) as an option, which increases the rear legroom.[98]
TheJaguar Type 00 from the front, on display at the Gaydon headquarters.
In 2024, Jaguar relaunched its brand with a new logo, motto and concept car. The revealed "Jaguar Type 00" at the Miami Art Show was controversial on both online reactions and wider media coverage.[99] The Jaguar Type 00 name (spoken as "zero-zero") draws inspiration from the iconic Jaguar Type series of the past, particularly the renowned E-Type, as well as other premium cars such as those from Bentley andRolls Royce. The first "zero" represents the car's zero-emissions electric powertrain, while the second "zero" is supposedly in reference to the beginning of an "whole new lineage of Jaguars".[100] While only a concept car, it is the first Jaguar car to display the new logo and badge, and the company has stated that it is a representation the direction the company will go with its future design style.[101]
Jaguar Vision Gran Turismo SV is a concept car produced by Jaguar as part of the Vision Gran Turismo project series in 2020. It was featured as a playable car in the Gran Turismo 7 video game.
Jaguar Type 00 is a concept car introduced at Miami Art Week in December 2024, with no plans for production.
Engines
Jaguar has designed in-house six generations of engines:
Jaguar has had major success insports car racing, particularly in theLe Mans 24 Hours. Victories came in1951 and1953 with theC-Type, then in1955,1956 and1957 with theD-Type. The manager of the racing team during this period,Lofty England, later became CEO of Jaguar in the early 1970s. Although the prototypeXJ13 was built in the mid-1960s it was never raced, and the famous race was then left for many years.
In 1999, Ford decided that Jaguar would be the corporation'sFormula One entry. Ford bought out theMilton Keynes-basedStewart Grand Prix team and rebranded it asJaguar Racing for the 2000 season. The Jaguar F1 program was not a success however, achieving only two podium finishes in five seasons of competition between2000 and2004. At the end of 2004, with costs mounting and Ford's profits dwindling, the F1 team was seen as an unneeded expense and was sold toRed Bull and rebrandedRed Bull Racing.[111]
On 15 December 2015, it was announced that Jaguar would return to motorsport for the third season ofFormula E.
On 15 June 2018, Jaguar Vector Racing broke the world speed record for an electric battery powered boat. The Jaguar Vector V20E recorded an average speed of 88.61 mph across the two legs of the 1 km course on Coniston Water, England.[112]
Jaguar has committed toFormula E until 2030. As of July 2024, Jaguar has recorded 16 wins in Formula E, one Teams' Championship and one Manufacturers' Trophy. Also the team's powertrain allowed customer outfitEnvision to claim the teams' title in the 2022-23 season.[113]
^"Jaguar Group of companies is to merge with The British Motor Corporation Ltd., as the first step towards the setting up of a joint holding company to be called British Motor (Holdings) Limited." Official statement released at press conference at the Great Eastern Hotel, London, 1966.
^"The classic has to be "Grace... Space... Pace," which was used throughout the 1950s and 1960s".Clausager, Anders Ditlev (2010)."Jaguar: A History of Grace and Pace". MSN. Archived fromthe original on 27 March 2014. Retrieved2 September 2013.
^Walton, Paul (13 December 2012)."Grace… Space… Pace".jaguar-world.com. Archived fromthe original on 27 March 2014. Retrieved27 March 2014.
^Douglas-Scott-Montagu, Edward John Barrington &Burgess-Wise, David (1995). "Chapter 9 – Under New Management".Daimler Century: The full history of Britain's oldest car maker. Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset, UK: Patrick Stephens. p. 283.ISBN1-85260-494-8....Sir George Harriman of the British Motor Corporation (whose Pressed Steel subsidiary supplied Jaguar bodyshells) offered Lyons a 'logical and beneficial' merger deal, which would leave Jaguar operating under Lyons's chairmanship as 'a separate entity and with the greatest practical degree of autonomy' within a new organization called British Motor (Holdings) Limited.
^"British Motor Takes That New Label".The Times. No. 56815. London. 15 December 1966. p. 17.
^page 49, Andrew M. McLaughlin, William A. Maloney,The European Automobile Industry: Multi-Level Governance, Policy and PoliticsTaylor & Francis e-Library 2005.accessed 31 Jan 2013
^page 50, Andrew M. McLaughlin, William A. Maloney,The European Automobile Industry: Multi-Level Governance, Policy and Politics Taylor & Francis e-Library 2005.
^Zetlin, M. (1986). John Egan: Tough leadership turns Jaguar around.Management Review, 75(5), (May 1986) 20–20.
^The Badge on the Bonnet.The Times 3 November 1989; pg. 13; Issue 63542.
^"Although Land Rover remains profitable, Ford has never managed to make money from its investment in Jaguar.""Tata buys Jaguar in £1.15bn deal".BBC News. 26 March 2008. Retrieved3 September 2013.
^"British Cars for U.S."The Times, 27 April 1948, p. 2; Issue 51056.
^"The monster and the myth – It is the story they've been waiting for with bated breath".The Guardian. 22 August 1992.On the Nardo track of southern Italy, Martin Brundle, the Grand Prix driver, confirmed it as the fastest production car with 217mph, narrowly quicker than the Bugatti. The Ferrari 512 or earlier F40 does around 200mph. The F40 boasts 0–60mph in 4.1 seconds. The Lamborghini Diablo is 4.09 and Porsche 959, 3.9. The Jaguar rates 3.85.
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