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Jaen | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Jaen | |
 Jaen Municipal Hall  Provincial Road %2c_Nueva_Ecija%2c_Oct_2025_(5).jpg) Pampanga River in Jaen | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Map of Nueva Ecija with Jaen highlighted | |
 Interactive map of Jaen | |
.svg)  Jaen Location within thePhilippines | |
| Coordinates:15°20′21″N120°54′25″E / 15.3392°N 120.9069°E /15.3392; 120.9069 | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Region | Central Luzon |
| Province | Nueva Ecija |
| District | 4th district |
| Founded | June 18, 1865 |
| Named after | Jaén, Spain |
| Barangays | 27 (seeBarangays) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Sangguniang Bayan |
| • Mayor | Sylvester C. Austria |
| • Vice Mayor | Santy Eduardo Matias |
| • Representative | Emerson D. Pascual |
| • Municipal Council | Members
|
| • Electorate | 57,234 voters (2025) |
| Area | |
• Total | 85.46 km2 (33.00 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 22 m (72 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 36 m (118 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 13 m (43 ft) |
| Population (2024 census)[3] | |
• Total | 83,895 |
| • Density | 981.7/km2 (2,543/sq mi) |
| • Households | 21,000 |
| Economy | |
| • Income class | 2nd municipal income class |
| • Poverty incidence | 10.66 |
| • Revenue | ₱ 314.1 million (2022) |
| • Assets | ₱ 742.7 million (2022) |
| • Expenditure | ₱ 255.8 million (2022) |
| • Liabilities | ₱ 261.2 million (2022) |
| Service provider | |
| • Electricity | Nueva Ecija 1 Electric Cooperative (NEECO 1) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
| ZIP code | 3109 |
| PSGC | |
| IDD : area code | +63 (0)44 |
| Native languages | Tagalog Ilocano |
Jaen, officially theMunicipality of Jaen (Filipino:Bayan ng Jaen,Ilocano:Ili ti Jaen), is amunicipality in theprovince ofNueva Ecija,Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 83,895 people.[5]
During theSpanish Era, the municipality was only a componentbarrio of Gapan. When San Isidro became a town and was separated from Gapan, the town and San Antonio became one of its component barrios. When San Antonio itself became a town, the area was still its componentbarrio called San Agustin. By 1865, Jaen was known by its old name "Ibayong Ilog", and because there were many people in the river port in what is now Barangay Langla, the town became a centre for trade.
When the place improved and its population grew to more than 5,000 people, it became a town through a petition filed by the inhabitants with the initiative of two early leaders,Kabesang Prudencio Esquivel andKapitan Antonio Embuscado. On June 18, 1865, Jaen itselfpartitioned from San Antonio, and retainedSaint Augustine of Hippo as its patron saint. The Spanish officials signed the papers granting the petition that "Ibayong Ilog" be a town in Factoria (now San Isidro) which was then the capital of Nueva Ecija. The declaration was brought toGovernor-General Juan de Lara e Irigoyen in Manila and afterwards was submitted to the Vicar-General of the Philippines in the person of Reverend Gregorio Martínez. Father Martínez marked the document as approved but later wrote in his own wish that the name "Ibayong Ilog" be changed to the name of his birthplace ofJaén, Spain.
In coordination with Reverebd Estanislao B. Moso,Kabesang Prudencio andKapitan Antonio led the establishment of the first Catholic church (the present-day parish church). Jaen is in Central Luzon, in the southern part of Nueva Ecija. About 100 km from Manila via the old Cagayan Valley Road, the town has other road networks connecting it to Nueva Vizcaya, Isabela, Pampanga, Olongapo and Bataan. In the olden days, Pampanga River was once the only and the fastest way of transportation in going to Manila and other places.
On August 24, 1896, its people revolted against the Spaniards and in September of the same year, armed withbolos and spears, ambushed and killed forty Spanish soldiers in Lumanas (now aSitio of Barangay Santo Tomas South). This successful attack made Lumanas a historical site called "Pinagtambangan", where a marker was erected in memory of the event.[6][7]
The municipality is situated in the southern part of Nueva Ecija, some 100 kilometres (62 mi) north ofManila. Jaén is bounded by the municipalities ofSanta Rosa on the north-east;Zaragoza on the north-west; bySan Isidro on the south;San Leonardo on the east and bySan Antonio on the west.
The municipality has a land area of 10,254 hectares (25,340 acres) and is divided into 27barangays, two of which are in thePoblación proper.
Jaén is politically subdivided into 27barangays, as listed below. Each barangay consists ofpuroks and some havesitios.
| Climate data for Jaen, Nueva Ecija | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) | 31 (88) | 34 (93) | 33 (91) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 30 (87) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20 (68) | 20 (68) | 20 (68) | 22 (72) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 4 (0.2) | 4 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) | 11 (0.4) | 66 (2.6) | 99 (3.9) | 127 (5.0) | 113 (4.4) | 99 (3.9) | 84 (3.3) | 35 (1.4) | 14 (0.6) | 661 (26.1) |
| Average rainy days | 2.2 | 1.9 | 3.2 | 5.3 | 16.1 | 20.8 | 23.5 | 22.8 | 22.2 | 16.5 | 8.9 | 3.5 | 146.9 |
| Source: Meteoblue[8] | |||||||||||||
Population census of Jaen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source:Philippine Statistics Authority[9][10][11][12][13] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Poverty incidence of Jaen
Source:Philippine Statistics Authority[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]
Most of the north-western section of the municipality is devoted to rice farming, as rice production is the main livelihood of the populace. Twenty barangays of Jaén are fully irrigated, with about 80% of the land (approximately 9,500 hectares) being suited for rice production.
Mango plantations are found in the southern portion of the municipality. Based on the latest survey, 584 hectares are utilized for mango production, including backyard mango farms. Ten percent of the total agricultural area is for planting vegetables.
In the Población and nearby barangays, several establishments have sprouted. These includeagricultural supply traders, dry goods stores, hardware stores, groceries, travel agency, fashion style, pawnshop, banks, supermarkets, gasoline stations, printing presses, and eateries. The public market is in the area.
Among the service businesses in the area are pawn shops, restaurants, auto and motorcycle parts and service, car wash, commercial center, lechon manok and liempo stand, pharmacies, computer repair shops, convenience store, bakery, petrol station, grocery, internet café, tailoring and dress shops and rural banks.
Distilled and purified water processors, mobile phone card dealers, cable and landline telephone businesses are also present in the municipality.
Professional services of doctors, accountants, dentists, lawyers, surveyors and engineers are also prevalent in the town. Most of the unemployed and out-of-school youths are given manual labor by private contractors and the local government unit, such as construction workers and street sweepers.
The Jaen Schools District Office governs all educational institutions within the municipality. It oversees the management and operations of all private and public, from primary to secondary schools.[22]
Kapitan dela Cruz was later on succeeded by an elected Municipal President, an office superseded by the title "Mayor of Jaén":
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Places adjacent to Jaen, Nueva Ecija | |
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 Province ofNueva Ecija | |
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| Municipalities | |
| Component cities | |
