 | This articlerelies largely or entirely on asingle source. Relevant discussion may be found on thetalk page. Please helpimprove this article byintroducing citations to additional sources. Find sources: "Jacob H. Gallinger" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(June 2025) |
Jacob H. Gallinger | |
|---|---|
 Gallinger in 1905 | |
| 24thDean of the United States Senate | |
| In office March 4, 1913 – August 17, 1918 | |
| Preceded by | Shelby Moore Cullom |
| Succeeded by | Henry Cabot Lodge |
| Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference | |
| In office March 4, 1913 – August 17, 1918 | |
| Deputy | James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.(1915) |
| Preceded by | Shelby Moore Cullom |
| Succeeded by | Henry Cabot Lodge |
| President pro tempore of the United States Senate | |
| In office February 12, 1912 – March 3, 1913 | |
| Preceded by | Augustus O. Bacon |
| Succeeded by | James Paul Clarke |
| United States Senator fromNew Hampshire | |
| In office March 4, 1891 – August 17, 1918 | |
| Preceded by | Henry W. Blair |
| Succeeded by | Irving W. Drew |
| Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromNew Hampshire's2nd district | |
| In office March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1889 | |
| Preceded by | Ossian Ray |
| Succeeded by | Orren C. Moore |
| Member of theNew Hampshire Senate | |
| In office 1878–1880 | |
| Member of theNew Hampshire House of Representatives | |
| In office 1872–1873 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1837-03-28)March 28, 1837 |
| Died | August 17, 1918(1918-08-17) (aged 81) Franklin, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
Jacob Harold Gallinger (March 28, 1837 – August 17, 1918) was an American politician who wasUnited States senator fromNew Hampshire from 1891 to 1918 andPresident pro tempore of the Senate from 1912 to 1913.
Jacob Harold Gallinger was born inCornwall, Ontario,British Canada on March 28, 1837. His father's family were German and his mother's was German American.[1]
He was home-schooled from an early age.[1]
Gallinger moved to the U.S. at an early age and first worked as a printer.[1]
Gallinger studied medicine at theCincinnati Eclectic Medical Institute and graduated at the head of his class in May 1858.[1] He studied abroad for three years, writing and working as a printer to cover his expenses.[1] In 1861, he returned to the United States and engaged in the practice ofhomeopathic medicine and surgery inKeene, New Hampshire before moving toConcord, New Hampshire in April 1862.[1] He practiced medicine actively until 1885.[1]
He was an active member of theAmerican Institute of Homeopathy from 1868 to 1880, and throughout his political career, he was a forthright advocate of the homeopathic school of thought and practice. Besides the AIH, he was a member of many state and national medical societies and a frequent contributor to the journals of his profession. He was on the board of trustees of Columbia Hospital for Women, and a member of the board of visitors to Providence Hospital.
Gallinger was elected to theNew Hampshire House of Representatives in 1872 and re-elected in 1873.[1] He served as a member of the stateconstitutional convention in 1876. He was then elected to theNew Hampshire Senate and served from 1878 to 1880. In 1879, he was elected Senate President.[1]
He becamesurgeon general of New Hampshire under GovernorNatt Head, with the rank ofbrigadier general, from 1879 to 1880. In 1882, he was elected chairman of the New Hampshire Republican Party and remained in that role until his resignation in 1890.[1]
In 1884, Gallinger was elected to theUnited States House of Representatives, serving from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1889, but declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1888.
In 1888, Gallinger served as chairman of the New Hampshire delegation to theRepublican National Convention atChicago, where he seconded the nomination ofBenjamin Harrison ofIndiana for president.
In 1890, Gallinger was elected to the New Hampshire House again, but served only a short time before the legislature elected him to the United States Senate in 1891. He was reelected by the legislature without Republican opposition in 1897, 1903 and 1909,[1] and by popular vote in 1914. He served from March 4, 1891, until his death inFranklin, New Hampshire in 1918.
As Senator, Gallinger chaired the New Hampshire delegations to theRepublican National Convention of 1888, 1900, 1904 and 1908, and for a time was a member of theRepublican National Committee.
In 1898, Gallinger returned to the role of chairman of the New Hampshire Republican Party and was re-elected in 1900 and 1902.[1] In 1901, he was also elected to represent New Hampshire on the Republican National Committee.[1]
As Senator he was considered a master of parliamentary law and was frequently called upon to preside over the Senate. He was also an active public speaker in and out of the Senate.[1]
He was President pro tempore during the Sixty-second Congress and was also Republican Conference chairman. He also chaired theCommittee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard, Committee on Pensions,Committee on the District of Columbia, and the Merchant Marine Commission.[2] He was named a member of theNational Forest Reservation Commission, established by theWeeks Act, which Gallinger sponsored in the Senate.[3]
Gallinger received the honorary degree ofA.M. fromDartmouth College in 1885 and served as trustee ofGeorge Washington University for several years. He was interred at Blossom Hill Cemetery, Concord.
| Party political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| First | Republican nominee forU.S. Senator fromNew Hampshire (Class 3) 1914 | Succeeded by |
| U.S. House of Representatives | ||
| Preceded by | U.S. Congressman from New Hampshire 1885–1889 | Succeeded by |
| U.S. Senate | ||
| Preceded by | United States Senator from New Hampshire 1891–1918 | Succeeded by |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by | President pro tempore of the United States Senate Rotating pro tems | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | President of the New Hampshire Senate 1879–1881 | Succeeded by |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by | Dean of the United States Senate March 4, 1913 – August 17, 1918 | Succeeded by |
| Class 2 |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Class 3 | ||
 | ||
|  | |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
