J. M. Andrews | |
|---|---|
.png) Andrews,c. 1910s | |
| 2ndPrime Minister of Northern Ireland | |
| In office 27 November 1940 – 1 May 1943 | |
| Monarch | George VI |
| Governor | The Duke of Abercorn |
| Preceded by | The Viscount Craigavon |
| Succeeded by | Sir Basil Brooke, Bt |
| 5thLeader of the Ulster Unionist Party | |
| In office 24 November 1940 – 1 May 1946 | |
| Preceded by | The Viscount Craigavon |
| Succeeded by | Sir Basil Brooke |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 21 April 1937 – 16 January 1941 | |
| Prime Minister |
|
| Preceded by | Hugh MacDowell Pollock |
| Succeeded by | John Milne Barbour |
| Minister of Labour | |
| In office 7 June 1921 – 21 April 1937 | |
| Prime Minister | The Viscount Craigavon |
| Preceded by | office established |
| Succeeded by | David Graham Shillington |
| Member of the Northern Ireland Parliament forMid Down | |
| In office 22 May 1929 – 22 October 1953 | |
| Preceded by | Constituency Created |
| Succeeded by | Jack Andrews |
| Member of the Northern Ireland Parliament forDown | |
| In office 24 May 1921 – 22 May 1929 | |
| Preceded by | Constituency created |
| Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Miller Andrews (1871-07-17)17 July 1871 Comber, Ireland |
| Died | 5 August 1956(1956-08-05) (aged 85) Comber, Northern Ireland |
| Party | Ulster Unionist Party |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 3 |
| Relatives | Viscount Pirrie (uncle) Thomas Andrews (brother) |
| Education | Royal Belfast Academical |
John Miller Andrews (17 July 1871 – 5 August 1956) was the secondPrime Minister of Northern Ireland from 1940 to 1943.
Andrews was born inComber,County Down,Ireland in 1871,[1] the eldest child in the family of four sons and one daughter of Thomas Andrews, flax spinner, and his wife Eliza Pirrie, a sister ofViscount Pirrie, chairman ofHarland and Wolff shipbuilders.
He was educated at theRoyal Belfast Academical Institution. In business, Andrews was a landowner, a director of his family linen-bleaching company and of the Belfast Ropeworks.[1] His younger brother,Thomas Andrews, who died in the 1912 sinking of theRMSTitanic, was managing director of theHarland and Wolff shipyard inBelfast; another brother,Sir James Andrews, 1st Baronet, wasLord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland.
In 1902 he married Jessie (died 1950), eldest daughter ofBolton stockbroker Joseph Ormrod atRivington Unitarian Chapel,Rivington, nearChorley,Lancashire, England. They had one son and two daughters. His younger brother, Sir James, married Jessie's sister.
Andrews was elected as amember of parliament in theHouse of Commons of Northern Ireland, sitting from 1921 until 1953 (for County Down constituency from 1921 to 1929 and for Mid-Down from 1929 to 1953). He was a founder member of theUlster Unionist Labour Association, which he chaired, and was Minister of Labour from 1921 to 1937. He was Minister of Finance from 1937 to 1940, succeeding to the position on the death ofHugh MacDowell Pollock; on the death ofLord Craigavon, in 1940, he became leader of theUlster Unionist Party (UUP) and the secondPrime Minister of Northern Ireland.[1] Andrews was an opponent of the Irish language and called for it to be banned in schools.[2] While serving as Minister of Labour (during thePartition of Ireland) Andrews commented on potential loss of areas within Northern Ireland by theIrish Boundary Commission. Speaking at a Unionist rally in Newry, County Armagh, Anderson said that the Northern Government would not concede the town to the newly formedIrish Free State "even if the Boundary Commission recommended it."[3]
In April 1943backbench dissent forced him from office.[4] He was replaced as Prime Minister bySir Basil Brooke. Andrews remained, however, the recognised leader of the UUP for a further three years. Five years later he became the Grand Master of theOrange Order. From 1949, he was the last parliamentary survivor of the original 1921 Northern Ireland Parliament, and as such was recognised as theFather of the House. He is the only Prime Minister of Northern Ireland not to have been granted a peerage; his predecessor and successor received hereditary viscountcies, and later Prime Ministers were granted life peerages.
Throughout his life he was deeply involved in the Orange Order; he held the positions of Grand Master of County Down from 1941 and Grand Master of Ireland (1948–1954).[1] In 1949 he was appointed Imperial Grand Master of the Grand Orange Council of the World.[5]
Andrews was a committed and active member of theNon-subscribing Presbyterian Church of Ireland.[6] He regularly attended Sunday worship, in the church built on land donated by his great-grandfather James Andrews in his home town Comber. Andrews served on the Comber Congregational Committee from 1896 until his death in 1956 (holding the position of Chairman from 1935 onwards). He is buried in the small graveyard adjoining the church.
He was named after his maternal great-uncle, John Miller of Comber (1795–1883).
resigned after criticism from his own Unionist party with regard to the government's unemployment policy.
| Parliament of Northern Ireland | ||
|---|---|---|
| New constituency | Member of Parliament forDown 1921–1929 With:John Miller Andrews Éamon de Valera Thomas Lavery Robert McBride Thomas McMullan Harry Mulholland Patrick O'Neill | Constituency abolished |
| New constituency | Member of Parliament forMid Down 1929–1953 | Succeeded by |
| First | Father of the House 1929–1953 | Succeeded by |
| Political offices | ||
| First | Minister of Labour 1921–1937 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Finance 1937–1941 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1940–1943 | Succeeded by |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by | Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party 1940–1946 | Succeeded by |
| Non-profit organization positions | ||
| Preceded by | Grand Master of the Orange Institution of Ireland 1948–1954 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
