Abu al-Sha'tha Jabir ibn Zayd al-Yahmadi al-Azdi (Arabic:أبو الشعثاء جابر بن زيد اليحمدي الأزدي,romanized: ʾAbū al-Shaʿthaʾ Jābir ibn Zayd al-Yaḥmadī al-ʾAzdī) was an Islamic scholar, theologian and one of the founding figures of theIbadis,[1] the third major denomination of Islam. He was from theTabi‘un, or second generation of Islam, and took leadership of the denomination after the death ofAbd-Allah ibn Ibadh.[2][3]
Ibn Zayd was born in the village of Firaq, near modern-dayNizwa inOman.[1] As a tabi'i from the second generation of Muslims, he was a student of Prophet Muhammad's widowAisha and cousinAbd Allah ibn Abbas.[1]
Umayyad governoral-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf had friendly relations with Ibn Zayd personally, as the former viewed the Ibadi denomination as a more moderate branch of theKhawarij that could be used as a bulwark against the more extreme adherents.[2] This ended after Ibn Zayd ordered the execution of one of al-Hajjaj's spies, which led many Ibadis to be either imprisoned or exiled to Oman.[2] After the death of Ibn Ibad, Ibn Zayd led the Ibadis to Oman where theaḥādīth ṣaḥīḥat al-isnād[broken anchor] he narrated from differentcompanions of Muhammad formed the corpus of the Ibadi interpretation of Islamic law.[3]
Ibn Zayd is well respected by both his denomination as well as adherents ofSunni Islam, holding roughly the same level of prestige as the Sunnis' ownHasan of Basra.[1] He is the most commonly cited transmitter inJami'ul Sahih, one of the two hadith collections of the Ibadis.[4]
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