Movatterモバイル変換

Isotopes of scandium

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Main isotopes^[1]			Decay
Isotope	abundance	half-life(t_1/2)	mode	product
⁴³Sc	synth	3.891 h	β⁺	⁴³Ca
⁴⁴Sc	synth	4.042 h	β⁺	⁴⁴Ca
^44m3Sc	synth	58.61 h	IT	⁴⁴Sc
^44m3Sc	synth	58.61 h	β⁺	⁴⁴Ca
⁴⁵Sc	100%	stable
⁴⁶Sc	synth	83.757 d	β⁻	⁴⁶Ti
⁴⁷Sc	synth	3.3492 d	β⁻	⁴⁷Ti
⁴⁸Sc	synth	43.67 h	β⁻	⁴⁸Ti

Standard atomic weightA_r°(Sc)

44.955907±0.000004^[2]
44.956±0.001 (abridged)^[3]

Naturally-occurringscandium (₂₁Sc) is composed of one stableisotope,⁴⁵Sc. Twenty-sixradioisotopes have been characterized from³⁷Sc to⁶³Sc, with the most stable being⁴⁶Sc with ahalf-life of 83.76 days,⁴⁷Sc with a half-life of 3.3492 days,⁴⁸Sc at 43.67 hours,⁴⁴Sc at 4.042 hours, and⁴³Sc at 3.891 hours. All other radioisotopes isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, and the majority of these shorter than 15 seconds. This element also has 13meta states with the most stable being^44m3Sc (t_1/2 = 58.6 h); this is the lightest isotope with a long-lived isomer.

The primarydecay mode at masses lower than the only stable isotope,⁴⁵Sc, isbeta-plus orelectron capture, and the primary mode at masses above it is beta-minus. The primarydecay products at atomic weights below⁴⁵Sc arecalcium isotopes and the primary products from higher atomic weights aretitanium isotopes.

Scandium-44 has potential medical use forPET imaging.

List of isotopes

[edit]

Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Z	N	Isotopic mass(Da)^[4] ^{[n 2]}^{[n 3]}	Half-life^[1] ^{[n 4]}	Decay mode^[1] ^{[n 5]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity^[1] ^{[n 7]}^{[n 4]}	Isotopic abundance
Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Excitation energy			Half-life^[1] ^{[n 4]}	Decay mode^[1] ^{[n 5]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity^[1] ^{[n 7]}^{[n 4]}	Isotopic abundance
³⁷Sc^[5]	21	16	37.00376(44)		p	³⁶Ca
³⁸Sc^[5]	21	17	37.995002(15)		p	³⁷Ca
³⁹Sc	21	18	38.984785(26)		p	³⁸Ca	7/2−#
⁴⁰Sc	21	19	39.9779673(30)	182.3(7) ms	β⁺ (99.54%)	⁴⁰Ca	4−
					β⁺, p (0.44%)	³⁹K
					β⁺,α (0.017%)	³⁶Ar
⁴¹Sc	21	20	40.969251163(83)	596.3(17) ms	β⁺	⁴¹Ca	7/2−
⁴²Sc	21	21	41.96551669(17)	680.72(26) ms	β⁺	⁴²Ca	0+
^42mSc	616.81(6) keV			61.7(4) s	β⁺	⁴²Ca	7+
⁴³Sc	21	22	42.9611504(20)	3.891(12) h	β⁺	⁴³Ca	7/2−
^43m1Sc	151.79(8) keV			438(5) μs	IT	⁴³Sc	3/2+
^43m2Sc	3123.73(15) keV			472(3) ns	IT	⁴³Sc	19/2−
⁴⁴Sc	21	23	43.9594028(19)	4.0421(25) h	β⁺	⁴⁴Ca	2+
^44m1Sc	67.8679(14) keV			154.8(8) ns	IT	⁴⁴Sc	1−
^44m2Sc	146.1914(20) keV			51.0(3) μs	IT	⁴⁴Sc	0−
^44m3Sc	271.240(10) keV			58.61(10) h	IT (98.80%)	⁴⁴Sc	6+
^44m3Sc	271.240(10) keV			58.61(10) h	β⁺ (1.20%)	⁴⁴Ca	6+
⁴⁵Sc	21	24	44.95590705(71)	Stable			7/2−	1.0000
^45mSc	12.40(5) keV			318(7) ms	IT	⁴⁵Sc	3/2+
⁴⁶Sc	21	25	45.95516703(72)	83.757(14) d	β⁻	⁴⁶Ti	4+
^46m1Sc	52.011(1) keV			9.4(8) μs	IT	⁴⁶Sc	6+
^46m2Sc	142.528(7) keV			18.75(4) s	IT	⁴⁶Sc	1−
⁴⁷Sc	21	26	46.9524024(21)	3.3492(6) d	β⁻	⁴⁷Ti	7/2−
^47mSc	766.83(9) keV			272(8) ns	IT	⁴⁷Sc	(3/2)+
⁴⁸Sc	21	27	47.9522229(53)	43.67(9) h	β⁻	⁴⁸Ti	6+
⁴⁹Sc	21	28	48.9500132(24)	57.18(13) min	β⁻	⁴⁹Ti	7/2−
⁵⁰Sc	21	29	49.9521874(27)	102.5(5) s	β⁻	⁵⁰Ti	5+
^50mSc	256.895(10) keV			350(40) ms	IT (>99%)	⁵⁰Sc	2+
^50mSc	256.895(10) keV			350(40) ms	β⁻ (<1%)	⁵⁰Ti	2+
⁵¹Sc	21	30	50.9535688(27)	12.4(1) s	β⁻	⁵¹Ti	(7/2)−
⁵²Sc	21	31	51.9564962(33)	8.2(2) s	β⁻	⁵²Ti	3(+)
⁵³Sc	21	32	52.958379(19)	2.4(6) s	β⁻	⁵³Ti	(7/2−)
⁵⁴Sc	21	33	53.963029(15)	526(15) ms	β⁻ (84%)	⁵⁴Ti	(3)+
⁵⁴Sc	21	33	53.963029(15)	526(15) ms	β⁻, n (16%)	⁵³Ti	(3)+
^54mSc	110.5(3) keV			2.77(2) μs	IT	⁵⁴Sc	(5+,4+)
⁵⁵Sc	21	34	54.966890(67)	96(2) ms	β⁻ (83%)	⁵⁵Ti	(7/2)−
⁵⁵Sc	21	34	54.966890(67)	96(2) ms	β⁻, n (17%)	⁵⁴Ti	(7/2)−
⁵⁶Sc	21	35	55.97261(28)	26(6) ms	β⁻	⁵⁶Ti	(1+)
^56m1Sc^{[n 8]}	0(100)# keV			75(6) ms	β⁻ (<88%)	⁵⁶Ti	(6+,5+)
^56m1Sc^{[n 8]}	0(100)# keV			75(6) ms	β⁻, n (>12%)	⁵⁵Ti	(6+,5+)
^56m2Sc	775.0(1) keV			290(17) ns	IT	⁵⁶Sc	(4+)
⁵⁷Sc	21	36	56.97705(19)	22(2) ms	β⁻	⁵⁷Ti	7/2−#
⁵⁸Sc	21	37	57.98338(20)	12(5) ms	β⁻	⁵⁸Ti	3+#
^58mSc	1420.7(22) keV			0.60(13) μs	IT	⁵⁸Sc
⁵⁹Sc	21	38	58.98837(27)	12# ms [>620 ns]			7/2−#
⁶⁰Sc	21	39	59.99512(54)#	10# ms [>620 ns]			3+#
⁶¹Sc	21	40	61.00054(64)#	7# ms [>620 ns]			7/2-#
⁶²Sc	21	41	62.00785(64)#	2# ms [>400 ns]
⁶³Sc^[6]	21	42	63.01403(75)#	1# ms			7/2−#
This table header & footer: view

^^mSc – Excitednuclear isomer.
^( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
^# – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
^^a ^b# – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
^Modes of decay:
IT: Isomeric transition
n: Neutron emission
p: Proton emission
^Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
^( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
^Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^c ^dKondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021)."The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"(PDF).Chinese Physics C.45 (3) 030001.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^"Standard Atomic Weights: Scandium".CIAAW. 2021.
^Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04)."Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry.doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603.ISSN 1365-3075.
^Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*".Chinese Physics C.45 (3) 030003.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
^^a ^bDronchi, N.; Charity, R. J.; Sobotka, L. G.; Brown, B. A.; Weisshaar, D.; Gade, A.; Brown, K. W.; Reviol, W.; Bazin, D.; Farris, P. J.; Hill, A. M.; Li, J.; Longfellow, B.; Rhodes, D.; Paneru, S. N.; Gillespie, S. A.; Anthony, A. K.; Rubino, E.; Biswas, S. (2024-09-12). "Evolution of shell gaps in the neutron-poor calcium region from invariant-mass spectroscopy of^37,38Sc,³⁵Ca, and³⁴K".Physical Review C.110 (3).doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.110.L031302.ISSN 2469-9985.OSTI 2440923.
^Tarasov, O. B.; Sherrill, B. M.; Dombos, A. C.; Fukushima, K.; Gade, A.; Haak, K.; Hausmann, M.; Kahl, D.; Kaloyanov, D.; Kwan, E.; Matthews, H. K.; Ostroumov, P. N.; Portillo, M.; Richardson, I.; Smith, M. K.; Watters, S. (4 September 2025). "Discovery of new isotopes in the fragmentation of Se 82 and insights into their production".Physical Review C.112 (3) 034604.doi:10.1103/573p-7fjp.

Isotopes of thechemical elements

Group	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Period	Hydrogen and alkali metals	Alkaline earth metals													Pnictogens	Chalcogens	Halogens	Noble gases
①	Isotopes § List H 1																	Isotopes § List He 2
②	Isotopes § List Li 3	Isotopes § List Be 4											Isotopes § List B 5	Isotopes § List C 6	Isotopes § List N 7	Isotopes § List O 8	Isotopes § List F 9	Isotopes § List Ne 10
③	Isotopes § List Na 11	Isotopes § List Mg 12											Isotopes § List Al 13	Isotopes § List Si 14	Isotopes § List P 15	Isotopes § List S 16	Isotopes § List Cl 17	Isotopes § List Ar 18
④	Isotopes § List K 19	Isotopes § List Ca 20	Isotopes § List Sc 21	Isotopes § List Ti 22	Isotopes § List V 23	Isotopes § List Cr 24	Isotopes § List Mn 25	Isotopes § List Fe 26	Isotopes § List Co 27	Isotopes § List Ni 28	Isotopes § List Cu 29	Isotopes § List Zn 30	Isotopes § List Ga 31	Isotopes § List Ge 32	Isotopes § List As 33	Isotopes § List Se 34	Isotopes § List Br 35	Isotopes § List Kr 36
⑤	Isotopes § List Rb 37	Isotopes § List Sr 38	Isotopes § List Y 39	Isotopes § List Zr 40	Isotopes § List Nb 41	Isotopes § List Mo 42	Isotopes § List Tc 43	Isotopes § List Ru 44	Isotopes § List Rh 45	Isotopes § List Pd 46	Isotopes § List Ag 47	Isotopes § List Cd 48	Isotopes § List In 49	Isotopes § List Sn 50	Isotopes § List Sb 51	Isotopes § List Te 52	Isotopes § List I 53	Isotopes § List Xe 54
⑥	Isotopes § List Cs 55	Isotopes § List Ba 56	Isotopes § List Lu 71	Isotopes § List Hf 72	Isotopes § List Ta 73	Isotopes § List W 74	Isotopes § List Re 75	Isotopes § List Os 76	Isotopes § List Ir 77	Isotopes § List Pt 78	Isotopes § List Au 79	Isotopes § List Hg 80	Isotopes § List Tl 81	Isotopes § List Pb 82	Isotopes § List Bi 83	Isotopes § List Po 84	Isotopes § List At 85	Isotopes § List Rn 86
⑦	Isotopes § List Fr 87	Isotopes § List Ra 88	Isotopes § List Lr 103	Isotopes § List Rf 104	Isotopes § List Db 105	Isotopes § List Sg 106	Isotopes § List Bh 107	Isotopes § List Hs 108	Isotopes § List Mt 109	Isotopes § List Ds 110	Isotopes § List Rg 111	Isotopes § List Cn 112	Isotopes § List Nh 113	Isotopes § List Fl 114	Isotopes § List Mc 115	Isotopes § List Lv 116	Isotopes § List Ts 117	Isotopes § List Og 118
⑧	Isotopes § List Uue 119	Isotopes § List Ubn 120

			Isotopes § List La 57	Isotopes § List Ce 58	Isotopes § List Pr 59	Isotopes § List Nd 60	Isotopes § List Pm 61	Isotopes § List Sm 62	Isotopes § List Eu 63	Isotopes § List Gd 64	Isotopes § List Tb 65	Isotopes § List Dy 66	Isotopes § List Ho 67	Isotopes § List Er 68	Isotopes § List Tm 69	Isotopes § List Yb 70
			Isotopes § List Ac 89	Isotopes § List Th 90	Isotopes § List Pa 91	Isotopes § List U 92	Isotopes § List Np 93	Isotopes § List Pu 94	Isotopes § List Am 95	Isotopes § List Cm 96	Isotopes § List Bk 97	Isotopes § List Cf 98	Isotopes § List Es 99	Isotopes § List Fm 100	Isotopes § List Md 101	Isotopes § List No 102

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isotopes_of_scandium&oldid=1328662219"

Categories:

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

Movatterモバイル変換

List of isotopes

See also

References