Movatterモバイル変換

Isotopes of fluorine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Main isotopes^[1]			Decay
Isotope	abundance	half-life(t_1/2)	mode	product
¹⁷F	synth	64.37 s	β⁺	¹⁷O
¹⁸F	trace	109.734 min	β⁺	¹⁸O
¹⁹F	100%	stable

Standard atomic weightA_r°(F)

18.998403162±0.000000005^[2]
18.998±0.001 (abridged)^[3]

Fluorine (₉F) has 19 knownisotopes ranging from¹³
F to³¹
F and twoisomers (^18m
F and^26m
F). Onlyfluorine-19 is stable and naturally occurring in more than trace quantities; therefore, fluorine is amonoisotopic and amononuclidic element.

The longest-lived radioisotope is¹⁸
F with a half-life of 109.734 minutes, followed by¹⁷
F with 64.37 seconds. These unstable isotopes participate in theCNO cycle within stars. All other fluorine isotopes have half-lives of less than 12 seconds, and most of those less than 1/2 second.

List of isotopes

[edit]

Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Z	N	Isotopic mass(Da)^[4] ^{[n 2]}^{[n 3]}	Half-life^[1] ^{[n 4]}	Decay mode^[1] ^{[n 5]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity^[1] ^{[n 7]}^{[n 4]}	Isotopic abundance
Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Excitation energy			Half-life^[1] ^{[n 4]}	Decay mode^[1] ^{[n 5]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity^[1] ^{[n 7]}^{[n 4]}	Isotopic abundance
¹³ F^[5]	9	4	13.045120(540)#		p ?	¹² O	1/2+#
¹⁴ F	9	5	14.034320(40)	500(60) ys [910(100) keV]	p ?	¹³ O	2−
¹⁵ F	9	6	15.017785(15)	1.1(3) zs [376 keV]	p	¹⁴ O	1/2+
¹⁶ F	9	7	16.011460(6)	21(5) zs [21.3(5.1) keV]	p	¹⁵ O	0−
¹⁷ F^{[n 8]}	9	8	17.00209524(27)	64.370(27) s	β⁺	¹⁷ O	5/2+
¹⁸ F^{[n 9]}	9	9	18.0009373(5)	109.734(8) min	β⁺	¹⁸ O	1+	Trace
^18m F	1121.36(15) keV			162(7) ns	IT	¹⁸ F	5+
¹⁹ F	9	10	18.998403162067(883)	Stable			1/2+	1
²⁰ F	9	11	19.99998125(3)	11.0062(80) s	β⁻	²⁰ Ne	2+
²¹ F	9	12	20.9999489(19)	4.158(20) s	β⁻	²¹ Ne	5/2+
²² F	9	13	22.002999(13)	4.23(4) s	β⁻ (>89%)	²² Ne	(4+)
²² F	9	13	22.002999(13)	4.23(4) s	β⁻n (<11%)	²¹ Ne	(4+)
²³ F	9	14	23.003530(40)	2.23(14) s	β⁻ (>86%)	²³ Ne	5/2+
²³ F	9	14	23.003530(40)	2.23(14) s	β⁻n (<14%)	²² Ne	5/2+
²⁴ F	9	15	24.008100(100)	384(16) ms	β⁻ (>94.1%)	²⁴ Ne	3+
²⁴ F	9	15	24.008100(100)	384(16) ms	β⁻n (<5.9%)	²³ Ne	3+
²⁵ F	9	16	25.012170(100)	80(9) ms	β⁻ (76.9(4.5)%)	²⁵ Ne	(5/2+)
					β⁻n (23.1(4.5)%)	²⁴ Ne
					β⁻2n ?	²³ Ne ?
²⁶ F	9	17	26.020050(110)	8.2(9) ms	β⁻ (86.5(4.0)%)	²⁶ Ne	1+
					β⁻n (13.5(4.0)%)	²⁵ Ne
					β⁻2n ?	²⁴ Ne ?
^26m F	643.4(1) keV			2.2(1) ms	IT (82(11)%)	²⁶ F	(4+)
					β⁻n (12(8)%)	²⁵ Ne
					β⁻ ?	²⁶ Ne ?
²⁷ F	9	18	27.026980(130)	5.0(2) ms	β⁻n (77(21)%)	²⁶ Ne	5/2+#
					β⁻ (23(21)%)	²⁷ Ne
					β⁻2n ?	²⁵ Ne ?
²⁸ F	9	19	28.035860(130)	46 zs	n	²⁷ F	(4−)
²⁹ F	9	20	29.043100(560)	2.5(3) ms	β⁻n (60(40)%)	²⁸ Ne	(5/2+)
					β⁻ (40(40)%)	²⁹ Ne
					β⁻2n ?	²⁷ Ne ?
³⁰ F^[6]	9	21	30.05256(54)#	0.96+0.56 −0.41 zs	n	²⁹ F
³¹ F	9	22	31.06020(570)#	2 ms# [>260 ns]	β⁻ ?	³¹ Ne ?	5/2+#
					β⁻n ?	³⁰ Ne ?
					β⁻2n ?	²⁹ Ne ?
This table header & footer: view

^^mF – Excitednuclear isomer.
^( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
^# – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
^^a ^b# – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
^Modes of decay:
EC: Electron capture

IT: Isomeric transition
n: Neutron emission
p: Proton emission
^Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
^( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
^Intermediate product of variousCNO cycles in stellar nucleosynthesis as part of the process producing helium from hydrogen
^Hasmedicinal uses

Fluorine-18

[edit]

Main article:Fluorine-18

Of the unstable nuclides of fluorine,¹⁸
F has the longest half-life,109.734(8) min. It decays to¹⁸
O via β⁺ decay. For this reason¹⁸
F is a commercially important source ofpositrons. Its major value is in the production of theradiopharmaceutical fludeoxyglucose, used inpositron emission tomography in medicine.

Fluorine-18 is the second lightest unstable nuclide (afterberyllium-8, with 4 protons and 4 neutrons) with equal numbers of protons and neutrons and lightest such with an odd atomic number, having 9 of each. (See also theparity discussion of nuclide stability.)^[7]

Fluorine-19

[edit]

Fluorine-19 is the only stableisotope offluorine. Its abundance is100%; no other isotopes of fluorine exist in significant quantities. Its binding energy is147801.3648(38) keV. Fluorine-19 isNMR-active with a spin of 1/2+, so it is used influorine-19 NMR spectroscopy.

Isomers

[edit]

Only twonuclear isomers (long-lived excited nuclear states), fluorine-18m and fluorine-26m, have been characterized. The half-life of^18m
F before it undergoesisomeric transition is162(7) nanoseconds. This is less than the decay half-life of any of the particle-bound fluorine radioisotope nuclear ground states. The half-life of^26m
F is2.2(1) milliseconds; it decays mainly to its ground state of²⁶
F or (rarely, viabeta-minus decay) to one of high excited states of²⁶
Ne with delayedneutron emission.

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^c ^dKondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021)."The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"(PDF).Chinese Physics C.45 (3) 030001.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^"Standard Atomic Weights: Fluorine".CIAAW. 2021.
^Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04)."Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry.doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603.ISSN 1365-3075.
^Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*".Chinese Physics C.45 (3) 030003.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
^Charity, R. J. (2 April 2021)."Observation of the Exotic Isotope 13 F Located Four Neutrons beyond the Proton Drip Line".Physical Review Letters.126 (13): 2501.Bibcode:2021PhRvL.126m2501C.doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.132501.OSTI 1773500.PMID 33861136.S2CID 233259561. Retrieved5 April 2021.
^Kahlbow, J.; et al. (SAMURAI21-NeuLAND Collaboration) (2024-08-23)."Magicity versus Superfluidity around²⁸O viewed from the Study of³⁰F".Physical Review Letters.133 (8).arXiv:2407.19303.doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.082501.ISSN 0031-9007.
^National Nuclear Data Center."NuDat 3.0 database".Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Sources

[edit]

Chisté, V.; Bé, M. M. (2011)."F-18"(PDF). In Bé, M. M.; Coursol, N.; Duchemin, B.; Lagoutine, F.; et al. (eds.). Table de radionucléides (Report). CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), LIST, LNE-LNHB (Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 11 August 2020. Retrieved15 June 2011.

Isotopes of thechemical elements

Group	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Period	Hydrogen and alkali metals	Alkaline earth metals													Pnictogens	Chalcogens	Halogens	Noble gases
①	Isotopes § List H 1																	Isotopes § List He 2
②	Isotopes § List Li 3	Isotopes § List Be 4											Isotopes § List B 5	Isotopes § List C 6	Isotopes § List N 7	Isotopes § List O 8	Isotopes § List F 9	Isotopes § List Ne 10
③	Isotopes § List Na 11	Isotopes § List Mg 12											Isotopes § List Al 13	Isotopes § List Si 14	Isotopes § List P 15	Isotopes § List S 16	Isotopes § List Cl 17	Isotopes § List Ar 18
④	Isotopes § List K 19	Isotopes § List Ca 20	Isotopes § List Sc 21	Isotopes § List Ti 22	Isotopes § List V 23	Isotopes § List Cr 24	Isotopes § List Mn 25	Isotopes § List Fe 26	Isotopes § List Co 27	Isotopes § List Ni 28	Isotopes § List Cu 29	Isotopes § List Zn 30	Isotopes § List Ga 31	Isotopes § List Ge 32	Isotopes § List As 33	Isotopes § List Se 34	Isotopes § List Br 35	Isotopes § List Kr 36
⑤	Isotopes § List Rb 37	Isotopes § List Sr 38	Isotopes § List Y 39	Isotopes § List Zr 40	Isotopes § List Nb 41	Isotopes § List Mo 42	Isotopes § List Tc 43	Isotopes § List Ru 44	Isotopes § List Rh 45	Isotopes § List Pd 46	Isotopes § List Ag 47	Isotopes § List Cd 48	Isotopes § List In 49	Isotopes § List Sn 50	Isotopes § List Sb 51	Isotopes § List Te 52	Isotopes § List I 53	Isotopes § List Xe 54
⑥	Isotopes § List Cs 55	Isotopes § List Ba 56	Isotopes § List Lu 71	Isotopes § List Hf 72	Isotopes § List Ta 73	Isotopes § List W 74	Isotopes § List Re 75	Isotopes § List Os 76	Isotopes § List Ir 77	Isotopes § List Pt 78	Isotopes § List Au 79	Isotopes § List Hg 80	Isotopes § List Tl 81	Isotopes § List Pb 82	Isotopes § List Bi 83	Isotopes § List Po 84	Isotopes § List At 85	Isotopes § List Rn 86
⑦	Isotopes § List Fr 87	Isotopes § List Ra 88	Isotopes § List Lr 103	Isotopes § List Rf 104	Isotopes § List Db 105	Isotopes § List Sg 106	Isotopes § List Bh 107	Isotopes § List Hs 108	Isotopes § List Mt 109	Isotopes § List Ds 110	Isotopes § List Rg 111	Isotopes § List Cn 112	Isotopes § List Nh 113	Isotopes § List Fl 114	Isotopes § List Mc 115	Isotopes § List Lv 116	Isotopes § List Ts 117	Isotopes § List Og 118
⑧	Isotopes § List Uue 119	Isotopes § List Ubn 120

			Isotopes § List La 57	Isotopes § List Ce 58	Isotopes § List Pr 59	Isotopes § List Nd 60	Isotopes § List Pm 61	Isotopes § List Sm 62	Isotopes § List Eu 63	Isotopes § List Gd 64	Isotopes § List Tb 65	Isotopes § List Dy 66	Isotopes § List Ho 67	Isotopes § List Er 68	Isotopes § List Tm 69	Isotopes § List Yb 70
			Isotopes § List Ac 89	Isotopes § List Th 90	Isotopes § List Pa 91	Isotopes § List U 92	Isotopes § List Np 93	Isotopes § List Pu 94	Isotopes § List Am 95	Isotopes § List Cm 96	Isotopes § List Bk 97	Isotopes § List Cf 98	Isotopes § List Es 99	Isotopes § List Fm 100	Isotopes § List Md 101	Isotopes § List No 102

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isotopes_of_fluorine&oldid=1308692076"

Categories:

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

EC:	Electron capture
IT:	Isomeric transition
n:	Neutron emission
p:	Proton emission