 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane[1] | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.022.280 |
| EC Number |
|
| MeSH | 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane |
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C16H34 | |
| Molar mass | 226.448 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Odor | Odourless |
| Density | 793 mg mL−1 |
| Boiling point | 240.1 °C; 464.1 °F; 513.2 K |
| Vapor pressure | 130 Pa (at 20 °C) |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.439 |
| Thermochemistry | |
| 458.80 J K−1 mol−1 | |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | 96.00 °C (204.80 °F; 369.15 K) |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanes | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Isocetane (2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane) is a highly branchedalkane used as a reference in determining thecetane number of diesel. It has a cetane number of 15.[2] Isocetane replaced1-methylnaphthalene in 1962 as the lower reference for cetane number (1-methylnaphthalene has cetane number zero) owing to the oxidation instability and difficulty of use of 1-methylnaphthalene in the reference engine.[3][4]
Strictly speaking, if the standard meaning of ‘iso’ is followed, the nameisocetane should be reserved for the isomer2-methylpentadecane. However, 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane is by far the most important isomer ofcetane and so, historically, it has ended up with this name.
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