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Islamic toilet etiquette is a set ofpersonal hygiene rules inIslam that concerns going to thetoilet. This code ofIslamic hygienical jurisprudence is calledQaḍāʾ al-Ḥāǧa (Arabic:قضاء الحاجة).
Personal hygiene is mentioned in a single verse of theQuran in the context ofritual purification from a minor source of impurity, known as theWuḍūʾ verse; its interpretation is contentious between different legal schools and sects of Islam.[1] Further requirements with regard to personal hygiene are derived from aHadith, and these requirements also differ between sects.[2][3]
A Muslim must first find an acceptable place away from standing water, people's pathways, or shade.[4] It is advised that it is better to enter the area with the left foot,[5][failed verification] and it is prohibited to face directly towards theQibla (direction of prayer towardsMecca) or directly opposite from it.[6] It is reported in the collection of hadith,Sahih al-Bukhari, that just before entering the toilet,Muhammad said: (Arabic:اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْخُبُثِ وَالْخَبَائِثِ,romanized: Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿuḏu bika mina al-Ḫubuṯi wa-al-Ḫabāʾiṯi,lit. '"Oh God, I seek refuge in You from that which is evil (m.) and that which is evil (f.)")'.[7] Following his example, Muslims are advised to say thisDua before entering into the toilet.
While on the toilet, one must remain silent. Talking and initiating or answering greetings are strongly discouraged.[8] Whendefecating together, two men cannot converse, nor look at each other's genitals.[9] Eating any food while on the toilet is forbidden.[8]
After defecating, the anus must bewashed with water[citation needed] using the left hand, or an odd number of smooth stones or pebbles calledjamrah orhijaarah (Sahih Al-Bukhari 161, Book 4, Hadith 27). Many jurists agree thattoilet paper suffices in place of these stones.[10] Similarly, thepenis orvulva should be washed with water using the left hand after urinating, a procedure calledistinja. It is commonly done using a vessel known as aaftabeh,lota, orbodna.
When leaving the toilet, one is advised to exit with the right foot[5][failed verification] and say theDua for leaving bathroom/toilet: "'الحمد لله الذي أذهب عني الأذى وعافاني'Alhamdu lillahil lazi azha-ba annill Aza Wa AA Fani.[11] "Praise be to Allah who relieved me of the filth and gave me relief."[8]
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