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Islamic Nations Party

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Islamic Nations Party
LeadersKazem Mousavi-Bojnourdi (POW)
Dates of operationlate 1950s[1]–late 1960s[2]
Main phase: 1963–1965[1]
HeadquartersTehran,Iran
Ideology
Political positionFar-left
Size~200[1]
Allies
OpponentsIranImperial State of Iran
Battles and warsIranian Revolution
Succeeded by

Islamic Nations Party orParty of Islamic Nations (Persian:حزب ملل اسلامی,romanizedḤezb-e melal-e eslāmi) was an Islamicleftist armed group withclandestine system[9] short-lived during 1960s. It was initially asecret society active againstPahlavi dynasty in late 1950s.[1] It consisted of middle-class youth, mostly highschool teachers and university students.[1]

The organization was reportedly involved in1963 events and 1965 assassination ofHassan Ali Mansur.[7][6] However, it is alleged that opening fire onPolice before arrest of leading members was its "sole standoff".[1]

After a visit to Iraq, leaderMousavi-Bojnourdi brought two firearms for the plannedbank robbery and kidnapping. A rank-and-file member was arrested accidentally and led security forces to a 140-men list of the members.[1] A cache of arms belonging to the party was also discovered in the hills of north Tehran.[6]

55 members of the group were arrested in 1965[1] and received long-term confinements in 1966 by military tribunal. Four members were executed[6] and death sentence of the leaderMousavi-Bojnourdi reduced to life in prison.[1]

A number ofRevolutionary Guards commanders including Javad Mansouri, Abbas Zamani andAbbas Duzduzani were members of the group.[5]

References

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  1. ^abcdefghijklVahabzadeh, Peyman (2010). "Islamic Nations Party".Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation In Iran, 1971-1979. Syracuse University Press. pp. 9–10.ISBN 9780815651475.
  2. ^Taheri, Amir (1986).The Spirit of Allah: Khomeini and the Islamic revolution. Adler & Adler. p. 187.ISBN 9780917561047.
  3. ^abTorāb Ḥaqšenās (April 5, 2012) [December 15, 2007]."ISLAM IN IRAN xiii. ISLAMIC POLITICAL MOVEMENTS IN 20TH CENTURY IRAN". InAshraf, Ahmad (ed.).Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. XIV. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 157–172. RetrievedMarch 15, 2016.
  4. ^abBashiriyeh, Hossein (27 April 2012).The State and Revolution in Iran (RLE Iran D). Taylor & Francis. pp. 13–14.ISBN 9781136820892.
  5. ^abSteven O'Hern (2012).Iran's Revolutionary Guard: The Threat That Grows While America Sleeps. Potomac Books, Inc. pp. 18,22–23.ISBN 978-1597977012.
  6. ^abcdeSaid Amir Arjomand (1984).From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam. SUNY Press. p. 167.ISBN 9780873958707.
  7. ^abMehrzad Boroujerdi (1996).Iranian Intellectuals and the West: The Tormented Triumph of Nativism. Syracuse University Press. pp. 83–84.ISBN 978-0-8156-0433-4.
  8. ^Torāb Ḥaqšenās (October 27, 2011) [December 15, 1992]."COMMUNISM iii. In Persia after 1953". InYarshater, Ehsan (ed.).Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 1. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 105–112. RetrievedMarch 15, 2016.
  9. ^Marvin Zonis (2015).Political Elite of Iran. Princeton University Press. p. 115.ISBN 9781400868803.
Qajar monarchy
Pahlavi monarchy
Islamic Republic


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