متحف الآثار الإسلامية | |
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| Established | 1923 |
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| Location | Al-Aqsa,Jerusalem |
| Coordinates | 31°46′33.87″N35°14′05.32″E / 31.7760750°N 35.2348111°E /31.7760750; 35.2348111 |
| Type | museum |
TheIslamic Museum (Arabic:متحف الآثار الإسلامية;Hebrew:מוזיאון האסלאם) is amuseum atAl Aqsa in theOld City section ofJerusalem. On display are exhibits from ten periods ofIslamic history encompassing severalMuslim regions. The museum is west ofal-Aqsa Mosque, across a courtyard.
The building was originally constructed by theKnights Templar[citation needed], who used it as an annex to their headquarters established at the former Al-Aqsa Mosque. Following the Muslim reconquest of Jerusalem, the mosque was restored in 1194 CE.[1]
The annex building served an assembly hall for the Fakhr al-Din Mohammad School (al-Fakhriya), amadrasa built byal-Mansur Qalawun in 1282 CE, during theMamluk era.[2] Most of the other buildings of the al-Fakhriya madrasa complex – considered part of the al-Aqsa Mosque – were demolished by the Israeli Army in 1969.[3]
The building also housed theMosque of the Maghrebis (Jāmiʿ al-Maghāribah,جامع المغاربة),[4][5]also known as the "Mosque of the Malikis",[6] as mostMaghrebi scholars follow theMaliki school of jurisprudence.The Maghrebi mosque bordered the now-vanishedMaghrebi Quarter, a neighborhood that was completely razed by the Israelis in 1967.[7]
The museum was established by theSupreme Muslim Council in 1923. Shadia Yousef Touqan was the head planner of the site.[2] By 1927, the Mosque of the Maghrebis was converted into the Islamic Museum.[8]
Khader Salameh was a notable head curator of the museum.[9]
The Islamic Museum displays large copper soup kettles used in theHaseki Sultan Imaret, a soup kitchen, built through a donation byHürrem Sultan, the wife ofSuleiman the Magnificent, dating back to the 16th century, as well as stained glass windows, wooden panels, ceramic tiles and iron doors from the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. Also on display are a cannon used to announce the breaking ofRamadan, a large collection of weapons, a large wax tree trunk, the charred remains of theMinbar of Saladin (built byNur ad-Din Zangi in the 1170s and destroyedin an arson attack in 1969), and the blood-stained clothing of 17Palestinians killed in therioting on the Temple Mount in 1990.[9]
The museum has 600 copies of the Qur'an donated to the al-Aqsa Mosque during theUmayyad,Abbasid,Fatimid,Ayyubid, Mamluk,Ottoman eras bycaliphs,sultans,emirs,ulama and private individuals. Each differ in size,calligraphy and ornamentation. One is a hand-written Qur'an whose transcription is attributed to the great-great-grandson ofMuhammad. Another is written inKufic script, dating back to the 8th-9th century. A 30-partMoroccanrabʿah (multi-volume manuscript) was bequeathed in 1344 by SultanAbu al-Hasan al-Marini of Morocco; it is the only manuscript remaining from three collections that the sultan dispatched to the mosques of the three holy cities inIslam —Mecca,Medina and Jerusalem.[10] In addition, there is a very large Qur'an, measuring 100 by 90 centimetres (3.3 ft × 3.0 ft), dating back to the 14th century.[9]
It is in the same southwestern corner of the compound as theal-Fakhariyya Minaret. To the north of the museum, there isMoors' Gate (Maghrebi Gate / Morocco Gate).The southern part of the museum is right next to theal-Aqsa Library.[citation needed]
The small courtyard east of the museum has theDome of Yusuf Agha and manycolumn capitals.[11][12] Farther east, on the other side of the courtyard, isal-Aqsa Mosque's western side.[citation needed]
An Islamic Museum was established at the Maghribi Mosque on the southwest side of theHaram.
Mosque of the Malikis (Jami' al - Maghariba)
Indeed one Palestinian neighbourhood, the Mughrabi quarter, inside the Old City was completely demolished.
It was known until 1927 as the Mosque of the Maghrebis, and has since been converted into a [Islamic] museum
The Museum collection includes both single-volume (maṣḥaf) and multi-volume (rabʿah) Qur'an manuscripts.
Media related toIslamic Museum, al-Aqsa at Wikimedia Commons| Al-Aqsa |
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