 Trump'sTruth Social post about the ceasefire | |
| Context | Ending theIran–Israel war |
|---|---|
| Effective | 24 June 2025 |
| Mediators | |
| Parties |  Iran Israel |
Aceasefire between Iran and Israel took effect on 24 June 2025, ending theIran–Israel war. It was mediated by theUnited States andQatar.
On the evening of 23 June, U.S. presidentDonald Trump stated that a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Iran had been reached and would go into effect the following day. The exchange of fire ended the next morning, marking the beginning of the ceasefire. Despite initial violations by both Iran and Israel in the hours after it began, the ceasefire ultimately held.
On 23 June 2025, in response toU.S. strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, Iranlaunched 14 missiles atAl Udeid Air Base inQatar, targeting U.S. forces. The attack, which caused no casualties, was followed by diplomatic outreach involving Qatar and the United States.[1][2] Following the strikes, Donald Trump expressed openness to a ceasefire, thanking Iran for notifying the U.S. in advance and limiting the scope of its retaliation; he also noted that little impact resulted from the hits, calling them "a very weak response".[3]
Hours later, at 6:02 p.m.EDT – , Trump declared onTruth Social that Israel and Iran had agreed on a ceasefire proposal jointly advanced by the U.S. and Qatar,[4][5][6] Iranianminister of foreign affairsAbbas Araghchi stated that no ceasefire proposal had been agreed to, but that Iran would cease its military action if Israel likewise ceased hostilities "no later than 4 a.m. Tehran time".[7] At 1:08 a.m. EDT – 8:08 a.m. Tel Aviv time, 8:38 a.m. Tehran time – Trump stated on Truth Social that the ceasefire was in effect, and he urged all parties to uphold the deal.[8][9] At around 12:00 p.m. Tel Aviv time,Israel Defense Forces (IDF) spokesman Effie Nefrin said that the ceasefire had come into effect that morning.[10][11] Both parties to the truce claimed that the ceasefire occurred on their own nation's terms.[12]
The ceasefire nearly collapsed shortly after it began. Between 4:45 a.m. and 7:10 a.m. Tel Aviv time, Iranian air defenses responded to continued Israeli strikes in Tehran, and Iran fired three additional salvos of ballistic missiles atBeersheba.[13][14][15][16][17][18] Israeli officials accused Iran of having fired the last of these missiles at 7:06 a.m., after the ceasefire was supposed to have started. Later that morning, the IDF stated that two more missiles fired by Iran ontoNorthern Israel at 10:25 a.m. had been successfully intercepted.[18][19] Iran initially denied having launched missiles after the ceasefire began, but it later stated that Israel had continued to conduct strikes until 9 a.m.[20] Although the office of Israeli prime ministerBenjamin Netanyahu stated that all Iranian missiles launched after the ceasefire began were "intercepted or landed in open areas without causing injuries or damage", Israel nonetheless prepared to conduct a significant retaliatory strike. Trump uttered anexpletive on live television as he expressed his frustration with both sides for not upholding the ceasefire, claiming that they did not know what they were doing.[21] As Israel's jets were en route to attack targets in Iran, Trump pressured Netanyahu to call off the retaliatory strike. Israel mostly obliged, carrying out a reduced attack. After Iranian media reported sounds of explosions in Tehran and stated that the northern city ofBabolsar was under attack,[22] Israel acknowledged attacking a radar installation in the vicinity of Tehran in response to Iran's missile launches; Netanyahu's office stated that it was destroyed.[23][24][25]
Despite its volatile beginnings,[26] the ceasefire ultimately held,[27][28][29] partly as a result of Trump's continued intervention with Netanyahu.[30][31][32]
PresidentMasoud Pezeshkian gave a televised address lauding what he called a "great victory".[33][34] Iranian media claimed that the truce had been imposed on "the enemy" after four waves of attacks on "Israeli-occupied territories",[30] and itsNational Security Council that it had "shattered the enemy's primary strategic goal".[31] The government sought to convey its resilience, highlighting societal cohesion and civilian solidarity with its aims.[35][36][37] Some reports suggested that moderate clerical and political figures had previously urged a truce on Supreme LeaderAli Khamenei, among them former presidentHassan Rouhani, Supreme Leader advisorAli Larijani, andExpediency Discernment Council chiefSadiq Larijani; a portion of these were rumored to have contemplated sidelining or ousting the Supreme Leader if the latter continued stonewalling negotiators.[4]
Following the ceasefire Iranian dignitaries voiced doubt about future commitment to nonproliferation. Foreign Minister Araghchi and other officials signaled that Iran might cease complying with theNon-Proliferation Treaty, a threat it had made repeatedly but never fulfilled to date; a parliamentary national security committee asserted that a MayInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report alleging insufficient Iranian transparency[38] was used by Israel to justify its strikes.[39]
On 26 June, Supreme Leader AyatollahAli Khamenei resurfaced (in a recorded 10-minute speech) to warn the United States against future attacks; the ceasefire (in which he was not involved)[4][40][41] was not mentioned.[42] In light of strategic damage Iran had endured in the war,The Jerusalem Post deemed Khamenei's claim of "decisive victory", as well as the speech itself, delusional.[43] Khameni stated that the American strikes "did nothing significant", that the U.S. had "gained nothing" from the war, and defiantly proclaimed that Iran would "never surrender".[44]
TheIslamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) issued a detailed statement saying it operated under the leadership of Khamenei throughout the war, and that the 22nd wave ofOperation True Promise III pressured the enemy to call for a ceasefire.[45]
Prime Minister Netanyahu hailed the ceasefire as corroborating Israeli success, saying that it marked a "historic victory" over Iranian nuclear and ballistic missile ambitions[46] "which would stand for generations".[47] On 27 June Defense MinisterIsrael Katz warned the ceasefire would only last so long as Iran refrained from attempting to reconstitute its ballistic missile or nuclear programs,[48] outlining an "enforcement plan" by which Israel would hold Iran to account–noting that since the7 October 2023 attacks Iran was no longer immune to Israeli action, as perThe Jerusalem Post.[49]
President Trump deemed the ceasefire a "victory for everybody",[50] but stressed his willingness to preempt Iranian designs by resuming strikes in the future, adding that American action had lessened the need for a new nuclear deal.[39]
The Qatar Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a brief statement welcoming the ceasefire, reaffirming that Iran's violation of its airspace was a part of the dangerous escalation in the region, and thanking "His Excellency President Trump" for his efforts.[51]
We continue to follow carefully and with hope the developments in Iran, Israel and Palestine. The words of the prophet Isaiah resound with urgent relevance: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more" (Is 2:4). May this voice, which comes from the Most High, be heard! May the wounds caused by the bloody actions of recent days be healed. Let us reject arrogance and revenge, and instead resolutely choose the path of dialogue, diplomacy and peace.[52]
Shares of U.S. and Europeanairlines rose Tuesday 24 June.[53] Financial markets priced-in the truce holding and crude oil flows not being disrupted, with oil prices holding and near multi-week lows.Euro area government bond yields were mixed Wednesday 25 June. An index of global stocks hit a record high, and resumed taking on more risk, away from the safe haven of the dollar.[47]
UN Secretary GeneralAntónio Guterres urged both sides to respect the ceasefire and expressed hope that it would be extended in the region. IAEA Director GeneralRafael Grossi urged Tehran to resume cooperation, emphasizingdiplomacy as the solution.[54] (TheParliament of Iran voted the next day for theAtomic Energy Organization of Iran to end all cooperation.)[55][39]
Iran's semi-officialMehr News Agency announced that Iranianairspace would reopen 10:30GMT Wednesday 25 June.[56] Upon the return ofBen-Gurion International Airport to full operationsFlyDubai (UAE),Tus Airlines (Cyprus), andBluebird Airways (Greece) announced they would resume service Thursday;Hainan Airlines (China) is expected to follow suit Sunday.[57]
After a sharp increase on the morning of 23 June following the U.S. strikes on Iran, global oil prices returned to roughly the same pricing before the war started, withBrent Crude trading at $67 per barrel on 26 June. Theaverage price of gasoline in the United States reached a four-year low of around $3.20 by 26 June.Bob McNally, president of Rapidan Energy Group and former energy adviser to PresidentGeorge W. Bush, remarked "Assuming the cease-fire holds ... gasoline prices should remain where they are" and "President Trump desperately wants to avoid an oil price spike and just close down the war".[58]
TheInstitute for the Study of War (ISW) concluded that Israeli operations forced the Iranian government to accept the truce, despite strikes being limited to imposing costs on resistance rather than reflecting an effort to topple the regime. The report observed that Israel did not systematically target domestic security, largely focusing on installations in Tehran. Instead, Israel sought to "demonstrate a credible threat" to the regime should it decide to resume or expand its campaign. Citing an estimate by theInstitute for Science and International Security, ISW assessed Iranian enrichment abilities had been severely curtailed by American and Israeli strikes, calculating that "the loss of so many centrifuges and facilities" would impede nuclear activities for the foreseeable future. ISW also reported that Israeli interdictions and attacks on launchers reduced the volume of ballistic missile assaults on Israel, forcing Iran to rely on "much fewer" and "smaller" barrages; these Israeli efforts further compelled Iran to submit.[59]
Trita Parsi, co-founder and executive vice president of theQuincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft, stated that despite Israel's insistence on targeting Iranian nuclear facilities, it made a clear effort to weaken and possibly overthrow the Iranian establishment, and Netanyahu is looking for another opportunity to resume this mission.[60]
Bamo Nouri, a lecturer in international relations, writing forThe Conversation asserts that the day after the US attacks, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu discussed a ceasefire with Donald Trump as he wanted to avoid a long war of attrition that Israel could not afford and was already looking for an exit strategy.[61]
According to some sources, Tehran askedQatar,Saudi Arabia andOman to urgeU.S. PresidentDonald Trump to press Israel for an immediate ceasefire with Iran, offering flexibility in nuclear negotiations in return.[62] Other sources say that following Iran's retaliatory attacks on a US base in Qatar, US President Donald Trump asked the Emir of Qatar to mediate a ceasefire agreement with Iran.[7][34] Trump later said, "Israel & Iran came to me, almost simultaneously, and said, ‘PEACE!’"[1]
| Politics | |
|---|---|
| Policies | |
| Books and messages |
|
| Family |
|
| Economy | |
| |||||
| Premiership |
| ||||
| Elections |
| ||||
| Family |
| ||||
| Related | |||||
