Irakli Garibashvili (Georgian:ირაკლი ღარიბაშვილი, also transliterated asGharibashvili; born 28 June 1982)[1] is a Georgian politician and former business executive who served as the 15thprime minister of Georgia between 2021 until his resignation in 2024,[2] having previously served in this role as the 11th prime minister from 20 November 2013 until his resignation on 30 December 2015. Garibashvili is a member of theGeorgian Dream party and served as the party's chairman. He entered politics with his long-time associateBidzina Ivanishvili, in October 2012.
He served asDefence Minister of Georgia in thecabinet of prime ministerGiorgi Gakharia from 2019 to 2021 and, prior to that, asMinister of Internal Affairs in thecabinet of Bidzina Ivanishvili from 2012 to 2013. Ivanishvili named Garibashvili as his successor as prime minister when he voluntarily stepped down in November 2013.[3] Aged 31 at his ascension, he was the youngest person to assume the Prime Ministerial office. During his first term, he was the secondyoungest state leader in the world, afterKim Jong Un.[4]
From 1988 to 1999 Garibashvili attended the secondary school No. 1 inDedoplistsqaro. From 1999 to 2005 Garibashvili studied International Relations atTbilisi State University (TSU), where he graduated with a master's degree. He also studied at thePantheon-Sorbonne University from 2002 to 2004. Since 2004, he has worked with the multi-billionaireBidzina Ivanishvili. He started by working for logistics division of the construction company Burji, owned by Ivanshvili's Cartu Group. He became Director General of Ivanishvili's charity foundation Cartu in 2005, a member of the supervisory board of Ivanishvili's Cartu Bank in 2007, and director of the labelGeorgian Dream founded by Ivanishvili's pop-star sonBera from 2009 to 2012.[5][6][7]
Garibashvili became involved in the politics of Georgia when Ivanishvili founded his political partyGeorgian Dream–Democratic Georgia in February 2012. Garibashvili was one of the founding members and initially headed the party's revision committee.[6] He was included in the party list ofMP candidates for theOctober 2012 parliamentary election. After the coalition won the 2012 parliamentary election on 1 October, Irakli Garibashvili became a party-list representative of the Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia party in the 2012 convocation of theParliament of Georgia.[8]
After Georgian Dream's victory in the 2012 parliamentary election, Garibashvili was appointed as Minister of Internal Affairs in the cabinet of prime minister Ivanishvili on 25 October 2012. Garibashvili, then 30 years old, became the youngest member of Georgia's new government. Reforming theInterior Ministry, an agency overseeing Georgian police, security and intelligence services, as well as the border guard andnavy, was a part of the Georgian Dream's pre-election agenda.[9]
Georgian Dream also promised to "restore justice" during the election campaign and to prosecute officials of the previous government for human rights abuses committed while in office, especially after theGldani prison scandal prior to the elections confirmed long-standing allegations of ill-treatment in the Georgian penitentiary system. Subsequently, from 2012 through 2013, the Interior Ministry arrested several high-ranking officials from the previous government, including the former ministersBachana Akhalaia andIvane Merabishvili.[10][11]
During his tenure, Garibashvili announced that he would take steps to de-politicise the Ministry of Internal Affairs. As part of the reform, the Constitutional Security and Special Operative Departments were abolished.[12] An ad hoc commission was set up to handle 24 000 illegal surveillance files found in the MIA. Those files, which contained compromising footage, were destroyed in presence of media and members of a commission in August 2013.
Garibashvili's agency faced the post-election spike in crime in Georgia after the newly elected government granted large-scale prison amnesty to reduce Georgia's high incarceration rate. Garibashvili opposed the amnesty project, but it was implemented by the parliament anyway.[13]
Garibashvili defended the arrests of the former ministers as being in strict accordance with the law and justice and claimed that the rate of minor crime, albeit increased, was not alarming.[14][15]
On 2 November 2013, prime ministerBidzina Ivanishvili, who had declared his intention to quit the government following theOctober 2013 presidential election, named Garibashvili as his successor.[16] He andhis cabinet won in a vote of 93–19[17] in theParliament of Georgia on 20 November 2013. Garibashvili thus occupied the most powerful political office in the country as theconstitution amendments had transferred power from the president to the prime minister and the government. At heated parliamentary debates with theUnited National Movement minority during the vote, Garibashvili promised economic improvement and stressed that Georgia's EU and NATO aspiration would remain his foreign priorities.[3]
On 24 November 2013, he was elected chairman of the Georgian Dream–Democratic Georgia party, succeeding Ivanishvili.[18] Garibashvili announced his resignation on 23 December 2015.[19] While no reason was given for the sudden move, it was reported that he may have done so due to low levels of support for the Georgian Dream among the populace, with it polling at 18% in November, andparliamentary elections scheduled for 2016.[20] Opposition politicians, analysts and media speculated that falling support for the ruling Georgian Dream coalition, pressure from the previous prime ministerBidzina Ivanishvili, or tensions with the presidentGiorgi Margvelashvili were possible explanations for Garibashvili's resignation.[21] Garibashvili was succeeded as prime minister byGiorgi Kvirikashvili, who had been hisMinister of Foreign Affairs, with the transfer of power taking effect on 29 December.[22]
During his tenure the Security and Crisis Management Council was established, as stipulated by the newConstitution of Georgia.[23] In addition, the Unified Coordination Center for Crisis Management was created, with technical assistance from the US, the United Kingdom and Israel.[24] To coordinate the country's economic policy, Irakli Garibashvili established the Economic Council.[25]
The Georgian Government initiated, and theEuropean Union directly supported, the development of the Human Rights Strategy and Action Plan.[26] A relevant statement was made by prime minister Garibashvili at the Human Rights Conference, on 4 December 2013. The Human Rights Strategy covers seven years and will not depend on the political cycle.[27]
Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili meetsVictoria Nuland, U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs, December 2013
During his tenure, Garibashvili visited the neighboring countries Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkey, several European nations, the United States, Israel, the People's Republic of China, and participated in several international summits and forums. While relations to Russia improved, there was no state visits to and from Russia.[28]
Relations to the European Union were a priority, culminating in the EU-Georgia Association Agreement, initiated at the Vilnius summit and signed on 27 June 2014. This association agreement included a deep and comprehensive free trade agreement between Georgia and the European Union and paved the way for the abolition of visa for travel from Georgia to theSchengen area, planned for 2017.[29][30]
Nika Melia, chairman of theUnited National Movement party, was accused of organizing mass violence during theanti-government protests in 2019. When Melia declined to pay a $12,000 bail, a Georgian court ruled that Melia should be detained before his trial. In response, prime minister Giorgi Gakharia said the court's ruling was "unlawful", and on 18 February, Gakharia resigned over the decision to detain Melia.[32] The rulingGeorgian Dream party supported Garibashvili to replace Gakharia, and theParliament voted 89–2 to appoint Garibashvili on 22 February.[33] Melia was arrested while at United National Movement party headquarters on 23 February.[34]
In March 2021, the opposition TV Pirveli media outlet released alleged secret audio recordings involving Irakli Gharibashvili, head of the special state protection service of GeorgiaAnzor Chubinidze andBera Ivanishvili, son of Georgian billionaire and founder of ruling Georgian Dream party Bidzina Ivanishvili. According to conversations, Bera Ivanishvili, who was a school student at that time, was discussing with Irakli Gharibashvili tasking Anzor Chubinidze to humiliate and punish youngsters for online posts insulting him. Garibashvili is heard encouraging the retributions on the covertly recorded tapes.[35] TV Pirveli placed the data of the recording in 2017. The Georgian Dream party released a statement that the conversation was fabricated and that audio recordings were illegally obtained by the United National Movement government (now opposition) during its rule in 2010–2011.[36] Gharibashvili denied the existence of the recordings made public by TV Pirveli and called them fake. The Georgian Chief Prosecutor's Office announced that the recordings were faked.[37]
Prime Minister of Georgia Irakli Gharibashvili, May 2022
Gharibashvili terminated the construction ofNamakhvan HPP, agreed by the previous government headed by Giorgi Gakharia. On 14 March, a large protest by the locals was held against construction of a power plant, including due to environmental concerns, at the central square ofKutaisi. At the end of March 2021, in accordance with the people's demand, Gharibashvili announced that he reached a compromise with the HPP construction company about the postponement of the deadline. In May 2021, a massive rally against the construction was held in Tbilisi. Garibashvili stated that the project would not continue under "current conditions" of the contract, which many activists described as "cabal" and "harming state interests". In March 2022, the private investor notified the government of Georgia that it had terminated the contract due to "violation of the terms of the contract and force majeure". Garibashvili stated that the state would build a plant on much favorable terms.[38]
On 5 July 2021, a first-ever gay parade was planned to be held on Tbilisi's main Rustaveli Avenue, organized by NGOTbilisi Pride. An event was opposed by conservative and Christian organizations and activists. On 5 July, Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili said that holding a parade on Rustaveli Avenue posed serious security risks and asked the organizers to either choose one of the alternative locations suggested by the MIA, or not to go forward with the plan at all, calling it unreasonable. Gharibashvili warned that it would provoke negative reactions from a large segment of the Georgian population.The event was eventually cancelled because the Rustaveli Avenue was occupied by anti-parade protesters, who ransacked pro-LGBT NGO offices and clashed with journalists who were covering the events. Garibashvili later stated that Georgia is a conservative society with Christian values and such events are unacceptable to 95% of the Georgian population, so as an elected official was obliged to obey them. Garibashvili additionally said that "the only parade I know, that will be held in our country, is that of our army" and proclaimed that "minorities will no longer decide the fate of the majority in this country". He blamed the "radical opposition" and the ex-president in exile, Mikheil Saakashvili, for being behind the pride parade in order to destabilize the country and cause chaos.
The tension between the government and the opposition parties was followed by the brutal beating of theTV Pirveli journalist Lexo Laksharava, who later died on 12 July. This was followed by a large-scale protest by journalists, representatives of several TV companies demanding Gharibashvili's resignation on 13 July, but the Prime Minister did not resign, he said that he would not allow the situation in the country to be strained and rioted.
On 1 October 2021, the thirdpresident of Georgia,Mikheil Saakashvili, who left Georgia in 2013 and was condemned by the Tbilisi City Court to six years in prison in absentia for abuse of power, embezzlement, and his implication in the attempted murder of an opposition MP, announced that he had returned to Georgia after 8 years of persecution, and published a video that, according to his description, was taken in Batumi. The ruling party, "Georgian Dream" denied the information and stated that Saakashvili is in Ukraine and has not left the territory of Ukraine, but later Irakli Gharibashvili announced at a briefing together with the Minister of Internal AffairsVakhtang Gomelauri and the head of the State Security ServiceGrigol Liluashvili that Mikheil Saakashvili is under arrest. According to the investigation, Saakashvili entered the country secretly, hiding in a semi-trailer truck loaded with milk products. He illegally crossed the state border of Georgia, bypassing the customs control.[39] Saakashvili stated that he considered charges against him to be trumped-up and politically motivated, announcing a hunger strike in order to protest his detention. His health deteriorated during his time in prison, due to which the government of Georgia received criticism from European Parliament, alleging ill-treatment of Saakashvili and violation of his rights. The government said that Saakashvili was trying to evade prison through self-harm and was using international lobbyists to pressure the government to release him on medical grounds.[40][41]
In December 2021, the Parliament passed a new gambling law, which was initiated by the Garibashvili government. The law has tightened the regulations on gambling industry. It increased the age limit for gambling from 18 (for online gambling) and 21 (for casinos) to 25 and banned gambling for public employees, socially vulnerable persons or those included in the "addicts list". A list would be created by government and include everyone who voluntarily declares himself to be a gambling addicts or who will be declared as such by the court under the request of relatives. The law banned all kinds of advertisement (except sports sponsorship) and placed high fines for those companies which violate the rules about the age limit and advertisement. It also increased the taxes on the companies involved in the gambling sector.
Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili described gambling addiction as "one of the biggest problems" of the population, describing problem as especially widespread among young and vulnerable people.
On 7 March 2023, the Georgian parliament passed aforeign agents law in the first reading which would label any organization that has more than 20% of its profits be recorded from outside of Georgia as "agents of foreign influence."[42] Garibashvili has been a leading figure in trying to get the bill passed stating that the bill meets "European and global standards".[43] After parliament voted in favor of the bill,tens of thousands of protesters arrived at parliament to protest the bill, being met with riot police, tear gas, and water canons.[44] On 9 March, the government announced that it would withdrew the bill due to protests and that all protesters who were arrested would be released from prison. On 10 March the bill was formally defeated in a second vote by the Parliament, while an alternative bill was retracted.[45][46]
On 12 June 2023, Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili announced that the government would draft a newsurrogacy law which would ban commercial surrogacy. The law would also ban foreign nationals from ordering surrogacy services. Garibashvili said that the law was necessary to protect Georgian women from exploitation and to ensure child safety since foreigner nationals often took children abroad and sold them to same-sex couples.[47]
On 29 January 2024, Garibashvili announced his resignation, citing the importance of internal inter-party democracy and the need to "give others a chance." The announcement was made during a special briefing at the Government Administration, where Garibashvili confirmed his acceptance of an offer to become the Chair of the Georgian Dream party. Expressing gratitude to various party members and government officials, including founder Bidzina Ivanishvili, Garibashvili acknowledged their support during his term as Prime Minister.[48]
Garibashvili and Azerbaijani PresidentIlham Aliyev in Baku, 5 May 2021PM of Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova met with President of the European Council Charles Michel, November 2021
Garibashvili went on his first official visit to Brussels in March 2021, and met with the President of the European Parliament and other important political figures, before that Charles Michel visited Georgia on 1 March 2021. The Prime Minister thanked his European colleague for his support in many ways.
During his term, Garibashvili stated that his goal was to join Georgia to theEuropean Union and bring peace to the country, that is why he visited many countries of the world and started bilateral relations with them, such asKazakhstan,Saudi Arabia, theUnited Arab Emirates andChina.
Garibashvili visited Ukraine from 21 to 23 August 2021, met with PresidentVolodymyr Zelenskyy and talked with him about the deepening of relations between the countries, calling Ukraine a strategic partner.
On 18 October 2021, US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin visited Georgia. Garibashvili met him personally, and they talked about the improvement of defense cooperation between the US and Georgia.
Meeting of Irakli Garibashvili with Polish Prime MinisterMateusz Morawiecki in Batumi, 2022
On 24 October 2022, Azerbaijani PresidentIlham Aliyev visited Georgia and along with Garibashvili, held a briefing with journalists in Mtskheta, the parties announced that they will deepen the relationship andGeorgia will transport an even larger amount of oil fromAzerbaijan through theBlack Sea.
On 17 December, a decision was made in Davos to build a new oil terminal. betweenAzerbaijan, Georgia,Romania andHungary. Billions of dollars will be spent on it and all parties will win. At the briefing held after signing the contract, it was announced that the project should be ready by 2027.
On 4 May 2023, Garibashvili attended theConservative Political Action Conference in Hungary. He was second acting Prime Minister along with Hungarian Prime Minister to attend the event. Garibashvili was a keynote speech giver at the conference. In his speech, he announced his support for traditional and conservative values and denounced LGBT propaganda and the attempts to legislate gender-affirming procedures for the children. He also lauded Hungarian Prime MinisterViktor Orbán for his wise and visionary leadership.
In July 2023, Garibashvili hosted Uzbek Prime MinisterAbdulla Aripov in Georgia, and afterwards, visited China and Kazakhstan. During Garibashvili's meeting with the Chinese leaderXi Jinping, the parties pledged to enhance cooperation and announced "strategic partnership" between China and Georgia.
Also in July, Garibashvili visited Croatia and met Prime MinisterAndrej Plenković. This was the first visit of a Georgian Prime Minister to Croatia. During the joint press conference, the Croatian Prime Minister reaffirmed his support for Georgia's territorial integrity and Georgia's bid to join the European Union. The parties pledged to enhance the economic cooperation and it was announced that the Georgian embassy would be opened inZagreb.
In June 2022, theEuropean Council expressed readiness to grant Georgia the status of a candidate after completing a set of reforms recommended by the commission.[51]
On 29 January 2024, Garibashvili announced that he would step down from his position as Prime Minister and would accept an offer to become chairman of the Georgian Dream party ahead of parliamentary elections to be held later in the year.[52] From 1 February 2024 till 25 April 2025 he served for the second time as chairman of Georgian Dream, after which he said to return to private business activities.[53]
On 17 October 2025, Garibashvili's residence was raided by police as part of an investigation into illegal incomes earned during his premiership.[54] On 24 October, he pled guilty to corruption charges related to laundering illegal income from his time in politics that carry a 12-year maximum jail sentence and was released on a one millionGeorgian lari bail. His lawyer said that he was cooperating with authorities.[55]
According to public polls, Irakli Garibashvili has one of the highest approval ratings among public figures in Georgia. In June 2021 poll byInternational Republican Institute, Garibashvili had 40% approval rating, which made him fourth most-approved public figure in Georgia at that time afterPatriarchIlia II (88% approval), Tbilisi MayorKakha Kaladze (58% approval) and former Prime MinisterGiorgi Gakharia (56% approval).[56] In March 2022 poll by IRI, 47% of respondents said they had favorable opinion of Garibashvili, making him the 4th most-approved public figure after Patriarch Ilia II (92% approval), Tbilisi Mayor Kakha Kaladze (53% approval) and PresidentSalome Zurabishvili (52% approval).[57] In October 2022 poll, Garibashvili (44% approval) was the third most approved public figure in Georgia after Patriarch Ilia II (88% approval) and Kakha Kaladze (51% approval), outpacing President Salome Zurabishvili (who had 38% approval).[58] In March 2023 poll, Garibashvili again finished on 4th place (43%) behind Patriarch Ilia (91% approval), President Zurabishvili (48% approval) and Mayor Kaladze (52% approval).[59]
Irakli Garibashvili – keynote speech at CPAC Hungary 2023
Garibashvili has been described as a conservative-leaning politician.[60] On several occasions, most notably with theGay Pride march, he backed theconservative side of the debate, adopting amajoritarian approach while noting that "95% of our population are against holding propagandistic parade in a demonstrative manner." Garibashvili added that Georgia "is a conservative society" and has unique values based onOrthodox Christianity, emphasizing that the minority should not decide fate of the majority.[61] In 2014 he proposed to solidify the definition of marriage as union between a man and a woman in theConstitution of Georgia to balance the opposition from conservatives andOrthodox Church to the adoption of theAnti-Discrimination law, which was Georgia's precondition to get a visa free regime with theEU.[62]
In his address to parliament in 2021, Gharibashvili criticized the idea of aminimal state and the "invisible hand of the market". He said that "small state idea is a myth impeding the country's development" and called on the government to play anactive role in economy.[63] Gharibashvili stated that "history does not know the precedent of development by allowing processes to flow on their own" and "neither Europe nor America developed in this way".[64] Gharibashvili also emphasized that Georgia should become economically more self-sufficient.[65]
Gharibashvili opposed mandatory vaccination against COVID-19, saying that Georgian citizens should enjoy "the right and an opportunity of free choice".[66][67]
Garibashvili is married to Nunuka Tamazashvili (born 1983), with three sons, Nikoloz (born 2005), Andria (born 2010), Gabriel (born 2015) and one daughter Nino (born 2016).[68][69] His father-in-law,Tamaz Tamazashvili, is a former police general who was arrested on charges of illegally carrying and keeping weapon and explosives in October 2011. Garibashvili, a member of then-opposition Georgian Dream party, claimed the arrest was politically motivated. After the Georgian Dream acceded to power in October 2012, Tamazashvili was released from prison.[70] In addition to Georgian, Garibashvili also speaksEnglish,French andRussian.
