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Interstate 90 in New York

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Highway in New York
Not to be confused withNew York State Route 90.
This article is about the section of Interstate 90 in New York. For the entire route, seeInterstate 90.

Interstate 90 marker
Interstate 90
Map
Map of New York with I-90 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained byNYSTA andNYSDOT
Length385.48 mi[1] (620.37 km)
ExistedAugust 14, 1957[2]–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
West endI-90 at thePennsylvania state line
Major intersections
East end
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CountiesChautauqua,Erie,Genesee,Monroe,Ontario,Seneca,Cayuga,Onondaga,Madison,Oneida,Herkimer,Montgomery,Schenectady,Albany,Rensselaer,Columbia
Highway system
NY 89ANY 90

Interstate 90 (I-90) is a part of theInterstate Highway System that runs fromSeattle, Washington, toBoston, Massachusetts. In theUS state ofNew York, I-90 extends 385.48 miles (620.37 km) from thePennsylvania state line atRipley to theMassachusetts state line atCanaan, and is the second-longest highway in the state afterNew York State Route 17 (NY 17). Although most of the route is part of the tolledNew York State Thruway, two non-tolled sections exist along I-90 (the first, situated outside of Buffalo, is included in the Thruway system; the second, situated in theCapital District, is not part of the Thruway system and linksAlbany and its eastern suburbs). Within New York, I-90 has a complete set of auxiliary Interstates, which means that there are Interstates numberedI-190 throughI-990 in the state, with no gaps in between. For most of its length in New York, I-90 runs parallel to the formerErie Canal route,NY 5,US Route 20 (US 20) and theCSX Transportation railroad mainline that traverses the state.

I-90 was assigned in 1957 as part of the establishment of the Interstate Highway System. In New York, it was overlaid on the preexisting New York State Thruway from Pennsylvania to Albany, from where it would have continued to Massachusetts on a new freeway that bypassed theBerkshire Connector to the north. Ultimately, the freeway was built from the Thruway mainline in Albany to the Berkshire Connector inSchodack, and I-90 was assigned to the segment of the connector east of the proposed freeway. The Albany–Schodack freeway was completed in stages during the 1960s and 1970s and fully open by 1977.

Route description

[edit]

New York State Thruway

[edit]
Main article:New York State Thruway § mainline

West ofAlbany, I-90 in New York is designated along the mainline of theNew York State Thruway. The Thruway begins at thePennsylvania state line inChautauqua County, following the shore ofLake Erie northeast and passes through the town ofCheektowaga, a largesuburb ofBuffalo directly east of the city. Two auxiliary routes,I-190 (leading toNiagara Falls and connecting into Canada asOntario Highway 405) andI-290 (a northerly bypass of Buffalo) connect with I-90 here. Both auxiliary routes provide access between I-90 and Canada's largest city,Toronto. East ofErie County, the Thruway turns east and passes through the suburbs of several major cities inUpstate New York, generally following the path of theErie Canal. It passes south ofRochester and north ofSyracuse, which are served by three auxiliary Interstate Highways:I-490 andI-390 connect to Rochester, whileI-690 leads to Syracuse.[3] The speed limit, enforced by theNew York State Police, is 65 mph (105 km/h) along most of this stretch.[4]

Approaching exit 54 on I-90 westbound in West Seneca

East of Syracuse, the Thruway follows the Erie Canal and, later, theMohawk River into theMohawk Valley towardUtica, where I-90 skirts the northern edge of downtown and meetsI-790, a short route leading into the city's center. Farther east, the freeway indirectly serves the canal and riverside cities ofLittle Falls (viaNY 169) andAmsterdam (NY 30) on its way toSchenectady, whereI-890 splits from the Thruway and serves as the connection to the city center. It rejoins I-90 inAlbany County, where I-90 leaves the mainline of the Thruway at exit 24 inAlbany, which is signed for I-87 north and I-90 east. Here, the route designation of the Thruway changes from I-90 east to I-87 south. Traffic intending to continue on I-90 or reach I-87 north must exit the Thruway here. Exit numbers and mile markers for I-90 reset after exiting.[3]

Albany and Rensselaer counties

[edit]
Guilderland Service Area

The Albany–Schodack section of I-90—the only portion of I-90 in New York that is not part of the Thruway system—begins concurrent with I-87 and heads southeast from Thruway exit 24. Now a toll-free highway, I-90 and I-87 continue to exits 1N and 1S, which are for I-87 andFuller Road Alternate, respectively. Located off exit 1S and Fuller Road Alternate, an unsigned spur of the Northway leading to Western Avenue (US 20), isCrossgates Mall inGuilderland. I-90 proceeds eastward, meeting Washington Avenue at an interchange connecting to theUniversity of Albany, SUNY, a state university, eastbound and Fuller Road (CR 156) westbound.[citation needed]

Exits 3 and 4, located 0.6 miles (0.97 km) apart in an area bounded by Washington and Central (NY 5) avenues, lead to theW. Averell Harriman State Office Building Campus and the New York State Police Academy (exit 3) and to the Crosstown Arterial (NY 85 at exit 4). I-90 subsequently crosses over NY 5 and passes north ofWestgate Plaza as it connects to Everett Road (CR 155). The freeway continues along the northern edge of Albany to exit 5A,[citation needed] a largetrumpet interchange originally built to serveI-687.[5] After that project was canceled, it was repurposed as an exit for Corporate Woods Boulevard. East of exit 5A, I-90 passes by slightly more residential areas ahead of astack interchange withUS 9 one mile (1.6 km) north of downtown Albany.Albany Memorial Hospital is located just north of the exit on US 9.[citation needed]

The stack interchange between I-90 and US 9 in Albany as seen from I-90 eastbound

Not far to the east of US 9 is a second stack interchange, connecting I-90 toI-787 in the industrial northeasternmost section of the city of Albany. At this point, I-90 turns to the southeast and follows thePatroon Island Bridge over theHudson River and intoRensselaer County. Across the river, I-90 becomes the Rensselaer County Veterans Memorial Highway and passes through much less developed areas. In its first 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in the county, the freeway meets Washington Avenue at the northern edge of the city ofRensselaer and the west end ofNY 43 in the town ofNorth Greenbush, southwest ofUS 4 andDefreestville. South of NY 43, I-90 and US 4 follow parallel routings intoEast Greenbush, where I-90 directly connects to US 4 at exit 9.[citation needed]

I-90 heads southeastward across an undeveloped, forested section of the county, crossing overNY 151 and entering the town of Schodack, where it meets Miller Road, a connector between I-90 and the concurrent routes of US 9 andUS 20. The freeway and the overlapping US Routes follow similar routings toSchodack Center, at which point I-90 finally connects to US 9 and US 20 at exits 11E and 11W. I-90 heads due south from this point, passing overNY 150 and paralleling US 9, which splits from US 20 at Schodack Center. The routes cross paths again at exit 12 just north of where I-90 rejoins the Thruway system at exit B1 of theBerkshire Connector.[citation needed]

Berkshire Connector

[edit]
Main article:New York State Thruway (Berkshire Connector)

I-90 heads southeast on the connector, meeting the north end of theTaconic State Parkway in theColumbia County town ofChatham at exit B2 andNY 22 at exit B3 in the town ofCanaan one mile (1.6 km) from theMassachusetts state line. The Berkshire Connector ends at the state line; however, I-90 continues southeast into Massachusetts as theMassachusetts Turnpike.[3]

History

[edit]
Main article:New York State Thruway
Overhead signage for exit 24 in Albany, where I-90 leaves the Thruway mainline to serve downtown Albany
The Berkshire Connector (I-90) near exit B2 in Chatham

The east–west corridor I-90 follows across New York has always been major, followed by theGenesee Trail (1790s),Erie Canal (1825),New York Central Railroad (1853), and later theYellowstone Trail (1912), which becameUS 20 andNY 5.[original research?] It was planned as part of a nationwidetoll road system as early as 1938.[6] Exactly which cities would be served changed over the years, but it was the state of New York that made the decision in 1942, when they passed a law for the construction of aNew York CityAlbanyBuffaloPennsylvania "thruway". This highway, passingUtica,Syracuse, andRochester on its path between Albany and Buffalo, would provide construction jobs in thepost-World War II period.[7] TheBerkshire Thruway, a branch east from near Albany toMassachusetts, was authorized in 1944, completing the east–west route across the state.[8] However, construction, which began in 1946, proceeded very slowly, with only one four-mile (6.4 km) portion open by 1950, when a law created theNew York State Thruway Authority (NYSTA) to operate the route as atoll road. Construction then progressed much more rapidly, especially after 1954, when the authority was allowed to issuebonds not backed by the state (thus having higherinterest rates).[9] The roadway was completed between Buffalo and Albany in 1954,[10] to New York City in 1956,[11] to Pennsylvania in 1957,[12] and to Massachusetts in 1959.[13]

Free I-90 eastbound in Rensselaer

In the meantime, theNational Interstate and Defense Highways Act was enacted in 1956, promising a toll-free network ofInterstate Highways throughout the nation. TheBureau of Public Roads (BPR) commissioner soon announced that the toll road met all federalInterstate Highway standards,[14] and, on August 14, 1957, most of the mainline of the Thruway was incorporated into the system as part ofI-87 and I-90. Most of the connectingMassachusetts Turnpike was also included, but a more northerly alignment, avoiding the Berkshire Thruway, was proposed by the states of New York and Massachusetts for I-90 through Albany pastPittsfield toEast Lee, Massachusetts.[2][15] This alignment would be about 30 percent shorter than the all-toll alignment and would provide relief to the four-laneCastleton Bridge on the Berkshire Thruway, which had been built narrower than the rest of the system because of the planned parallel alternate.[16] The BPR objected to the duplication, which would cost over $90 million (equivalent to $793 million in 2024[17]), and refused to approve this alignment.[18] The eventual route ran southeast from Albany to the Berkshire Thruway at theNassau interchange, providing Albany with an alternate route and additional bridge but not offering any savings in distance and creating a "toll trap" for drivers accessing theTaconic State Parkway from Albany.[19]

Construction on the route of I-90 through Albany beganc. 1963, with both ends at existing Thruway interchanges: exit 24, which crossed theAdirondack Northway (I-87) at acloverleaf interchange and connected to Washington Avenue in western Albany, and exit B1, which connected toUS 9 near Nassau.[20][21] Work on the freeway began at the Northway and progressed southeasterly to the Berkshire Connector in Rensselaer County. The portion between the Northway and Everett Road was opened to traffic in the mid-1960s[22][23] while the piece extending from Everett Road toUS 4 east ofRensselaer was completed in the early 1970s.[24][25] The last section of the highway was completed to US 9 andUS 20 inSchodack Centerc. 1974[26][27] and finished by 1977.[28] The Northway cloverleaf was rebuilt in the late 1980s.[29][30]

In 1999, theNew York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), theFederal Highway Administration (FHWA), and NYSTA discussed redesignating theBerkshire Connector as I-90 and redesignating the non-toll part of I-90 from Thruway exit 24 to exit B1 on the connector asI-88. The section of the Thruway between exits 25 and 24 would then becodesignated as both I-90 and I-88. This was never implemented.[31]

Exit list

[edit]

The mileposts below for the non-Thruway section follow actual signage, where mile 0.00 is located at exit 24 of the Thruway.

All exits in New York usesequential numbering.[32][33]

CountyLocation[33]mi[34][33]kmExitDestinationsNotes
ChautauquaRipley496.00798.23
I-90 west –Erie

New York Thruway begins
Continuation intoPennsylvania; western terminus of New York Thruway
494.92796.5061


Shortman Road (NY 950D) toUS 20 /NY 5 /NY 76 –Ripley
Last eastbound exit before toll
488.50786.16Ripley Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
Town of Westfield485.00780.5360NY 394 –Westfield,Mayville
Town of Dunkirk467.74752.7559NY 60 –Dunkirk,Fredonia
Hanover455.54733.1258

ToUS 20 /NY 5 –Silver Creek,Irving
Access to Lakeshore Hospital
ErieEvans446.60718.73Angola Service Area
444.87715.9557AEden,Angola
Town of Hamburg436.22702.0357NY 75 –Hamburg,East Aurora
432.45695.9656
NY 179 (Milestrip Road) toUS 62 –Blasdell,Orchard Park
Orchard Park not signed westbound
Lackawanna431.15693.87Lackawanna Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
West Seneca55Ridge Road –Lackawanna,West SenecaEastbound exit and westbound entrance; access viaUS 219
429.47691.16
US 219 south –Orchard Park,Springville
Westbound exit and eastbound entrance; northern terminus of US 219; last westbound exit before toll
427.94688.7054

NY 400 south toNY 16 –West Seneca,East Aurora
Northern terminus of NY 400
Cheektowaga426.17685.8553
I-190 north –Downtown Buffalo,Canada,Niagara Falls
Southern terminus of I-190
424.92683.8452AWilliam Street
423.19681.0652Walden Avenue –Cheektowaga,BuffaloSigned as exits 52E (east) and 52W (west)
421.57678.4551NY 33 –Buffalo,Buffalo Niagara International AirportSigned as exits 51E (east) and 51W (west)
420.93677.4250ACleveland DriveEastbound exit and westbound entrance
CheektowagaAmherst
town line
420.34676.4750
I-290 west –Niagara Falls
Eastern terminus of I-290; interchange formerly served NY 5;[35] last eastbound exit before toll
Amherst418.15672.95Williamsville Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
CheektowagaAmherst
town line
417.27671.5349NY 78 –Depew,Buffalo Niagara International Airport
Lancaster411.60662.41Clarence Service Area (westbound)
GeneseePembroke401.72646.5148ANY 77 –Pembroke,Medina
397.00638.91Pembroke Service Area (eastbound)
Town of Batavia390.13627.8548NY 98 –Batavia
Town of Le Roy379.10610.10Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
378.56609.2347
I-490 east /NY 19 –Le Roy,Rochester
Western terminus of I-490
375.20603.83Ontario Service Area (westbound)
MonroeChili368.80593.53Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
Henrietta365.30587.89Scottsville Service Area (eastbound)
362.44583.2946I-390 –Rochester,CorningExit 12B on I-390
Town of Pittsford358.10576.31Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
OntarioTown of VictorNY 96Replaced by exit 45c. 1970[36]
350.99564.8645
I-490 west –Rochester,Victor
Victor not signed westbound; eastern terminus of I-490
349.20561.98Seneca Service Area (westbound)
348.00560.05Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
Farmington347.13558.6544
NY 332 south –Canandaigua,Victor
Victor not signed eastbound; northern terminus of NY 332
Town of Manchester340.70548.30Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
340.15547.4243NY 21 –Manchester,Palmyra
336.90542.19Clifton Springs Service Area (eastbound)
Town of Phelps327.10526.4242NY 14 –Geneva,Lyons
SenecaJunius323.60520.78Junius Ponds Service Area (westbound)
Tyre320.41515.6541NY 414 –Waterloo,Clyde
CayugaMontezuma310.10499.06Port Byron Service Area (eastbound)
Brutus304.19489.5540NY 34 –Weedsport,Auburn
OnondagaVan Buren294.60474.11Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
291.30468.80Warners Service Area (westbound)
289.53465.9539

I-690 east /NY 690 north –Syracuse,Fulton
Western terminus and exit 6 on I-690; southern terminus of NY 690
288.80464.78Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
Salina285.95460.1938CR 57 –Liverpool,Syracuse
283.79456.7237Electronics Parkway –Liverpool,SyracuseSigned for Liverpool westbound, Syracuse eastbound
283.40456.09Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
282.93455.3336I-81 –Watertown,Binghamton,Syracuse AirportExit 7 on I-81; future business loop of I-81
281.30452.71Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
DeWitt279.40449.65DeWitt Service Area (eastbound)
278.93448.8935NY 298 /NY 635 / Carrier Circle –Syracuse,East Syracuse
277.50446.59Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
276.58445.1134A
I-481 toI-690 –Syracuse,Oswego,Chittenango
Exit 90 on I-481; signed for Oswego westbound, Chittenango eastbound; future realignment of I-81
Town of Manlius276.10444.34Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
MadisonSullivan266.20428.41Chittenango Service Area (westbound)
Canastota261.50420.8434NY 13 –Canastota,Chittenango,OneidaSigned for Chittenango westbound, Oneida eastbound
OneidaVerona252.71406.7033NY 365 –Verona,Oneida,RomeSigned for Oneida westbound, Rome eastbound
Westmoreland244.00392.68Oneida Service Area (eastbound)
243.37391.6732NY 233 –Westmoreland,RomeAccess via Cider Street; Rome not signed eastbound
Utica232.85374.7431
I-790 west /NY 8 /NY 12 –Utica,Rome
Rome not signed eastbound; eastern terminus of I-790
HerkimerSchuyler227.00365.32Schuyler Service Area (westbound)
Village of Herkimer219.70353.5730NY 28 –Herkimer,Mohawk
Danube210.62338.9629A
ToNY 169 –Little Falls,Dolgeville
209.90337.80Indian Castle-Iroquois Service Area
MontgomeryTown of Canajoharie194.10312.3729
ToNY 10 –Canajoharie,Sharon Springs
Access viaNY 5S
RootMohawk Valley Welcome Center (westbound)
Fultonville182.17293.1728NY 30A –Fultonville,FondaAccess toFulton County Airport
FloridaAmsterdam line173.59279.3727NY 30 –Amsterdam
Florida171.80276.49Mohawk Service Area (eastbound)
168.20270.69Pattersonville Service Area (westbound)
SchenectadyRotterdam162.22261.0726


I-890 east /NY 5S west toNY 5 –Schenectady,Scotia
Western terminus and exit 1B on I-890; access to NY 5 viaNY 890
161.00259.10Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
158.82255.6025A

I-88 west toNY 7 –Schenectady,Binghamton
Eastern terminus of I-88
157.80253.95Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
AlbanyGuilderland153.83247.5725

I-890 west /NY 7 toNY 146 –Schenectady
Eastern terminus of I-890
152.80245.91Guilderland Service Area (eastbound)
Albany149.60240.76Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
148.15
0.00
238.42
0.00
24


I-87 Toll south /New York Thruway south toMass Pike east –New York City
Eastern end of Thruway concurrency; western end of I-87 concurrency; exit number not signed westbound
1

I-87 north toUS 20 (Western Avenue) –Albany International Airport,Montreal,Saratoga
Access to US 20 viaNY 910F; signed as exits 1S (US 20) and 1N (I-87); eastern end of I-87 concurrency; last westbound exit before toll
0.801.292Fuller Road (CR 156) / Washington Avenue (NY 910D west) –UAlbanySigned for Fuller Road westbound, Washington Avenue eastbound
1.852.983State OfficesAccess via Campus Access Road
2.193.524
NY 85 west –Slingerlands,Voorheesville
Eastern terminus of NY 85
3.195.135
CR 155 (Everett Road) toNY 5
3.806.125ACorporate Woods BoulevardFormerly planned forI-687
5.108.216US 9 –Loudonville,Arbor Hill
6.169.916AI-787 –Troy,AlbanyExit 5 on I-787; access toMVP Arena andAlbany–Rensselaer station
Hudson River6.4110.32Patroon Island Bridge
RensselaerRensselaer6.9211.147Washington Avenue –RensselaerEastbound exit and westbound entrance
North Greenbush7.7312.448
NY 43 east –Defreestville
Western terminus of NY 43
East Greenbush9.4715.249US 4 –East Greenbush,Rensselaer
Schodack13.1021.0810CR 54 (Miller Road) –Schodack Center,East Greenbush
14.5123.3511US 9 /US 20 –East Greenbush,NassauSigned as exits 11W (north/west) and 11E (south/east) eastbound
19.5731.4912US 9 –Hudson,Castleton-on-HudsonLast eastbound exit before toll
19.9932.17Exit B1 Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
20.39
6.58
32.81
10.59
B1


Berkshire Connector west toI-87 Toll /New York Thruway –New York City,Buffalo
Western end of Berkshire Connector concurrency; exit number not signed eastbound; former routing of I-90
ColumbiaChatham15.0924.29B2

Taconic State Parkway south toNY 295 –Chatham,East Chatham,Canaan
Access to NY 295 via Upper Cady Road; northern terminus of Taconic State Parkway
Canaan18.129.1Canaan Toll Gantry (E-ZPass orToll by Mail)
23.2737.45B3NY 22 –Austerlitz,New Lebanon,West Stockbridge,Stockbridge
24.2839.07

I-90 Toll east /Mass Pike east –Boston

Berkshire Connector ends
Continuation intoMassachusetts; eastern terminus of Berkshire Connector
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Auxiliary routes

[edit]
  • I-190 runs from I-90/NY Thruway along the Niagara Thruway/Expressway to its terminus at the Canadian border on theLewiston–Queenston Bridge.
  • I-290 runs from I-190 to I-90, and provides the fastest road link between Toronto and the Northeastern United States.
  • I-390 runs from the Southern Tier Expressway (I-86/NY 17), travels 76 miles toRochester and ends at I-490.
  • I-490 serves the city of Rochester and comprises part of theInner Loop.
  • I-590 serves the city of Rochester and connects I-390 and I-490.
  • I-690 serves the city of Syracuse and its downtown.
  • I-790 serves the city of Utica, and is concurrent withNY 5 during its whole 2.41 miles (3.88 kilometers)
  • I-890 serves the city of Schenectady, and serves its downtown.
  • I-990 is the highest number interstate in the whole system.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Starks, Edward (January 27, 2022)."Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways".FHWA Route Log and Finder List.Federal Highway Administration. RetrievedSeptember 19, 2022.
  2. ^abOfficial route numbering for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways (Map).American Association of State Highway Officials. August 14, 1957.
  3. ^abcNew York State Map (Map). Cartography byMap Works.I Love New York. 2009.
  4. ^"History of NY Thruway 1991–2000". Archived fromthe original on August 15, 2016. RetrievedJune 30, 2016.
  5. ^"History".Adirondack Northway Exit 3 Project. New York State Department of Transportation. RetrievedJune 11, 2010.
  6. ^Location of Routes Selected for Study (Map).Bureau of Public Roads. 1938.
  7. ^Statement by Assemblyman Moffat and Senator Hampton Relative to the Establishment of a State Thruway System, March 13, 1942, New York Legislative Document, 1942, v. 15 no. 80–82, p. 153
  8. ^"The New York State Thruway: The Beginning".Thruway Chronology.New York State Thruway Authority. 2002. Archived fromthe original on October 29, 2010. RetrievedNovember 18, 2010.
  9. ^Kaszynski, William (2000).The American Highway: The History and Culture of Roads in the United States.McFarland & Company. pp. 141–142.ISBN 0-7864-0822-7.
  10. ^Weaver, Warren Jr. (October 27, 1954). "More of Thruway Opened by Dewey".The New York Times. p. 31.
  11. ^Ingraham, Joseph C. (August 27, 1956). "Thruway Opening Final Link Friday".The New York Times. p. 21.
  12. ^"The Thruway Becomes the Longest Toll Road".The New York Times. December 15, 1957. p. 159.
  13. ^Ingraham, Joseph C. (May 24, 1959). "Boston to Chicago".The New York Times. p. XX1.
  14. ^Pierce, Bret (September 19, 1956). "Thruway Called a Model Project".The New York Times. p. 39.
  15. ^"Traffic Engineering for I90".Traffic Engineering.28.Institute of Traffic Engineers. 1957.
  16. ^Highway Cost Estimates: Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Public Works, 1958, p. 173
  17. ^Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023)."What Was the U.S. GDP Then?".MeasuringWorth. RetrievedNovember 30, 2023. United StatesGross Domestic Product deflator figures follow theMeasuringWorth series.
  18. ^U.S. Congress,Miscellaneous Highway Legislation, 1961, p. 112
  19. ^"Rockefeller Urged to Veto Road Link".The New York Times. March 30, 1964. p. 25.
  20. ^New York with Sight-Seeing Guide (Map) (1962 ed.). Cartography byGeneral Drafting.Esso. 1962.
  21. ^New York Happy Motoring Guide (Map) (1963 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1963.
  22. ^New York (Map). Cartography byRand McNally and Company.Mobil. 1965.
  23. ^New York (Map) (1969–70 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1968.
  24. ^New York State Highways (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company.State of New York Department of Commerce. 1969.
  25. ^New York and New Jersey Tourgide Map (Map) (1972 ed.). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company.Gulf Oil Company. 1972.
  26. ^New York (Map) (1973 ed.). Cartography byH.M. Gousha Company.Shell Oil Company. 1973.
  27. ^New York and New Jersey Tourgide Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1974.
  28. ^New York (Map) (1977–78 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting.Exxon. 1977.
  29. ^Federal Highway Administration (2009). "Structure 1073530".National Bridge Inventory.United States Department of Transportation.
  30. ^Federal Highway Administration (2009). "Structure 1073540".National Bridge Inventory. United States Department of Transportation.
  31. ^Bergman Associates (February 13, 2008)."Hudson River Crossing Study"(PDF). Capital District Transportation Committee and New York State Department of Transportation. p. 22. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on July 19, 2011. RetrievedDecember 25, 2009.
  32. ^Google (October 2011)."Exit 24".Google Street View. RetrievedJuly 10, 2015.{{cite web}}:|author= has generic name (help)
  33. ^abcOffice of Technical Services (2014)."Inventory Listing".New York State Department of Transportation Engineering Division. RetrievedJuly 10, 2015.
  34. ^"2011 Traffic Volume Report"(PDF).New York State Department of Transportation. September 25, 2012. pp. 148–149. RetrievedJuly 10, 2015.
  35. ^Martin, David J. (April 25, 1957)."Public Notice - New York State Thruway Authority".The Blasdell Frontier-Herald. Blasdell, New York. p. 7. RetrievedMay 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.Open access icon
  36. ^"Victor, New York". United States Geological Survey. 1966. RetrievedMarch 23, 2022.

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