 Intersputnik logo | |
| Formation | 15 November 1971; 53 years ago (15 November 1971) |
|---|---|
| Legal status | Active |
| Headquarters | Moscow, Russia |
| Membership | 25 member states |
Official language | Russian |
Director General | Ksenia Drozdova[1] |
| Website | intersputnik.int |
TheIntersputnik International Organization of Space Communications, commonly known asIntersputnik, is an internationalsatellite communications services organization founded on 15 November 1971, inMoscow by theSoviet Union along with a group of seven formerly socialist states (Poland,Czechoslovakia,East Germany,Hungary,Romania,Bulgaria,Mongolia) andCuba.
The objective was and continues to be the development and common use ofcommunications satellites. It was created as the Eastern Bloc's response to the WesternIntelsat organization. As of 2024, the organization has 25 member states. Ukraine is in the process of leaving the organization, while Czechia announced its intention to leave in February 2025,[2] and Poland announced on 13 March 2025 that it will leave effective 12 August 2025.[3]
Intersputnik nowadays is a commercially aligned organization. It operates 12 satellites in orbit and 41transponders. In June 1997 Intersputnik created theLockheed Martin Intersputnik (LMI) joint venture together withLockheed Martin, which built and operated the satellites of the same name. In September 2006, Lockheed Martin Intersputnik was acquired byAsia Broadcast Satellite (ABS).
Initially, the Intersputnik system was created on the basis of the Soviet Orbit-2 satellite broadcasting network and was designed to serve the countries participating in theCouncil for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon). The main system and technical developments were carried out byNIIR, radio receiving equipment was produced at the Moscow Radio Engineering Plant, antenna-feeder devices at the Podolsk Electromechanical Plant, radio transmitting and channel-forming equipment was manufactured by the Krasnoyarsk TV Plant.
In the initial version, Intersputnik usedhighly elliptical satellites of theMolniya-3 type, and in 1978 it began usinggeostationary satellites of theGorizont type. Receiving complexes "Orbita-2" with transmitters "Gradient-K" and channel-forming equipment RS-1, RS-2 operated at the earth stations. In the process of modernization, the transmitters were replaced by more modern Helikon type with a power of 3 kW and new channel-forming equipment “Gradient-N” began to be used. Subsequently, theResearch Institute for Telecommunication (TKI) inBudapest took part in the development of the equipment for Intersputnik, and factories inHungary andCzechoslovakia were connected to production.[4]
Afghanistan[5]
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Cuba
Czech Republic
Georgia
Hungary
India
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Mongolia
Nicaragua
North Korea
Poland (until 12 August 2025)[3]
Romania
Russia
Syria
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Vietnam
Yemen
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