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Innokenty Smoktunovsky

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Soviet and Russian actor (1925–1994)
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Innokenty Smoktunovsky
Иннокентий Смоктуновский
Smoktunovsky in 1970s
Born
Innokenty Mikhailovich Smoktunovich

(1925-03-28)28 March 1925
Died3 August 1994(1994-08-03) (aged 69)
Moscow, Russia
Resting placeNovodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
OccupationActor
Years active1946–1994
TitlePeople's Artist of the USSR (1974)
Hero of Socialist Labour (1990)
SpouseShulamith Kushnir
Children3

Innokenty Mikhailovich Smoktunovsky (Russian:Иннокентий Михайлович Смоктуновский; bornSmoktunovich, 28 March 1925 – 3 August 1994) was a Soviet and Russian stage and film actor. He was named aPeople's Artist of the USSR in 1974 and aHero of Socialist Labour in 1990.[1]

Early life

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Smoktunovsky (left) with his brother Vladimir and aunt in 1930

Smoktunovsky was born in aSiberian village in a peasant family ofBelarusian ethnicity.[2] It was once rumored that he came from a Polish family, even nobility,[3] but the actor himself denied these theories by stating his family was Belarusian and not of nobility.[2] He served in theRed Army duringWorld War II and fought in the battlesof Kursk,the Dnieper andKiev. In 1946, he joined a theatre inKrasnoyarsk, later moving toMoscow. In 1957, he was invited byGeorgy Tovstonogov to join theBolshoi Drama Theatre ofLeningrad, where he stunned the public with his dramatic interpretation ofPrince Myshkin inDostoevsky'sThe Idiot. One of his best roles was the title role inAleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy'sTsar Fyodor Ioannovich (Maly Theatre, 1973).

Film career

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Smoktunovsky as Prince Hamlet withAnastasiya Vertinskaya on a 1966 Soviet stamp

His career in film was launched byMikhail Romm's filmNine Days in One Year (1962).

In 1964, he was cast in the role ofPrince Hamlet inGrigori Kozintsev's celebratedscreen version ofShakespeare's play, which won him theLenin Prize. Smoktunovsky's performance received praise fromLaurence Olivier, who wrote to director Grigori Kozintsev: "Your ''Hamlet'' is the most brilliant I have ever seen."[4]

British critics praised the film.Peter Brook called it "of special interest" and noted its "gigantic merit".[5] Dilys Powell described Smoktunovsky's acting as "of extraordinary intelligence - a Hamlet who is not merely melancholy but actively dangerous, a man who could kill with a word".[6] Tom Milne wrote "Innokenti Smoktunovsky is a forceful, sane, sensitive Hamlet trapped in a prison of political intrigue".[7]Penelope Gilliatt, a future scriptwriter of"Sunday Bloody Sunday" observed on 18 April 1965: "Kozintsev's film is the most exciting Shakespeare on screen since Olivier... A Hamlet of rare sensitivity and power".[8]

Smoktunovsky created an integral heroic portrait, which blended together what seemed incompatible before: manly simplicity and exquisite aristocratism, kindness and caustic sarcasm, a derisive mindset and self-sacrifice.

Smoktunovsky became known to wider audiences as Yuri Detochkin inEldar Ryazanov's detective satireBeware of the Car (1966), which revealed the actor's outstanding comic gifts. Later, he playedPyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky inTchaikovsky (1969), Uncle Vanya inAndrei Konchalovsky'sscreen version ofChekhov's play (1970), the Narrator inAndrei Tarkovsky'sMirror (1975), an old man inAnatoly Efros'sOn Thursday and Never Again (1977), andSalieri inMikhail Schweitzer'sLittle Tragedies (1979) based onAlexander Pushkin's plays.

In 1990, Smoktunovsky won theNika Award in the category Best Actor. He died on 3 August 1994, at a sanatorium, aged 69.[9] The minor planet4926 Smoktunovskij was named after him.

Filmography

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References

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  1. ^Rollberg, Peter (2016).Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema. US: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 695–696.ISBN 978-1-4422-6842-5.
  2. ^abDubrovsky, V. Ya. (2002). Poyurovsky, B. M. (ed.).Иннокентий Смоктуновский. Жизнь и роли [Innokenty Smoktunovsky. Life and Roles] (in Russian). Moscow: Iskusstvo.ISBN 5-210-01434-7.[pages needed]
  3. ^"Герой Социалистического Труда Смоктуновский Иннокентий Михайлович".Warheroes.ru (in Russian). Retrieved10 May 2016.
  4. ^Kozintsev, Grigori (1977).King Lear: The Space of Tragedy. p. 37.
  5. ^Brook, Peter (Autumn 1965). "Finding Shakespeare on Film".Sight & Sound.35 (4): 118.
  6. ^Powell, Dilys (11 April 1965). "Hamlet from Russia".Sunday Times: 27.
  7. ^Milne, Tom, ed. (1972).Time Out Film Guide. Time Out. p. 178.
  8. ^Gilliatt, Penelope (18 April 1965). "The Arts".The Observer: 25.
  9. ^"I. Smoktunovsky, Russian Actor, 69".The New York Times. 4 August 1994. Retrieved1 February 2016.

External links

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