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Infrabarrelled space

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Infunctional analysis, a discipline within mathematics, alocally convextopological vector space (TVS) is said to beinfrabarrelled (also spelledinfrabarreled) if everyboundedbarrel is a neighborhood of the origin.[1]

Similarly,quasibarrelled spaces aretopological vector spaces (TVS) for which everybornivorous barrelled set in the space is aneighbourhood of the origin. Quasibarrelled spaces are studied because they are a weakening of the defining condition ofbarrelled spaces, for which a form of theBanach–Steinhaus theorem holds.

Definition

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A subsetB{\displaystyle B} of atopological vector space (TVS)X{\displaystyle X} is calledbornivorous if it absorbs all bounded subsets ofX{\displaystyle X}; that is, if for each bounded subsetS{\displaystyle S} ofX,{\displaystyle X,} there exists some scalarr{\displaystyle r} such thatSrB.{\displaystyle S\subseteq rB.} Abarrelled set or abarrel in a TVS is aset which isconvex,balanced,absorbing andclosed. Aquasibarrelled space is a TVS for which every bornivorous barrelled set in the space is aneighbourhood of the origin.[2][3]

Characterizations

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IfX{\displaystyle X} is a Hausdorff locally convex space thenthe canonical injection fromX{\displaystyle X} into its bidual is a topological embedding if and only ifX{\displaystyle X} is infrabarrelled.[4]

A Hausdorff topological vector spaceX{\displaystyle X} isquasibarrelled if and only if every bounded closed linear operator fromX{\displaystyle X} into acomplete metrizable TVS is continuous.[5] By definition, a linearF:XY{\displaystyle F:X\to Y} operator is calledclosed if its graph is a closed subset ofX×Y.{\displaystyle X\times Y.}

For alocally convex spaceX{\displaystyle X} with continuous dualX{\displaystyle X^{\prime }} the following are equivalent:

  1. X{\displaystyle X} is quasibarrelled.
  2. Every bounded lower semi-continuous semi-norm onX{\displaystyle X} is continuous.
  3. Everyβ(X,X){\displaystyle \beta (X',X)}-bounded subset of the continuous dual spaceX{\displaystyle X^{\prime }} is equicontinuous.

IfX{\displaystyle X} is a metrizable locally convex TVS then the following are equivalent:

  1. Thestrong dual ofX{\displaystyle X} is quasibarrelled.
  2. Thestrong dual ofX{\displaystyle X} is barrelled.
  3. Thestrong dual ofX{\displaystyle X} isbornological.

Properties

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Everyquasi-complete infrabarrelled space is barrelled.[1]

A locally convex Hausdorff quasibarrelled space that issequentially complete is barrelled.[6]

A locally convex Hausdorff quasibarrelled space is aMackey space,quasi-M-barrelled, and countably quasibarrelled.[7]

A locally convex quasibarrelled space that is also aσ-barrelled space is necessarily abarrelled space.[3]

A locally convex space isreflexive if and only if it issemireflexive and quasibarrelled.[3]

Examples

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Everybarrelled space is infrabarrelled.[1] A closed vector subspace of an infrabarrelled space is, however, not necessarily infrabarrelled.[8]

Every product and locally convex direct sum of any family of infrabarrelled spaces is infrabarrelled.[8] Everyseparated quotient of an infrabarrelled space is infrabarrelled.[8]

Every Hausdorffbarrelled space and every Hausdorffbornological space is quasibarrelled.[9] Thus, everymetrizable TVS is quasibarrelled.

Note that there exist quasibarrelled spaces that are neither barrelled nor bornological.[3] There existMackey spaces that are not quasibarrelled.[3] There existdistinguished spaces,DF-spaces, andσ{\displaystyle \sigma }-barrelled spaces that are not quasibarrelled.[3]

Thestrong dual spaceXb{\displaystyle X_{b}^{\prime }} of aFréchet spaceX{\displaystyle X} isdistinguished if and only ifX{\displaystyle X} is quasibarrelled.[10]

Counter-examples

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There exists aDF-space that is not quasibarrelled.[3]

There exists a quasibarrelledDF-space that is notbornological.[3]

There exists a quasibarrelled space that is not aσ-barrelled space.[3]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcSchaefer & Wolff 1999, p. 142.
  2. ^Jarchow 1981, p. 222.
  3. ^abcdefghiKhaleelulla 1982, pp. 28–63.
  4. ^Narici & Beckenstein 2011, pp. 488–491.
  5. ^Adasch, Ernst & Keim 1978, p. 43.
  6. ^Khaleelulla 1982, p. 28.
  7. ^Khaleelulla 1982, pp. 35.
  8. ^abcSchaefer & Wolff 1999, p. 194.
  9. ^Adasch, Ernst & Keim 1978, pp. 70–73.
  10. ^Gabriyelyan, S.S."On topological spaces and topological groups with certain local countable networks (2014)

Bibliography

[edit]
Basic concepts
Main results
Maps
Types of sets
Set operations
Types of TVSs
Basic concepts
Operators
Subsets
Related spaces
Spaces
Properties
Theorems
Operators
Algebras
Open problems
Applications
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