Talk shows and other content for the site have been created primarily in studios at an undisclosed location in an industrial area in the outskirts ofAustin, Texas.[38] Reports in 2017 stated that theInfowars website received approximately 10 million monthly visits, making its reach greater than somemainstream news websites such asThe Economist andNewsweek at the time.[39][40] The site has regularly publishedfake stories linked to harassment of victims.[47] In February 2018, Jones, the publisher, director and owner ofInfowars, was accused of discrimination and sexual harassment of employees.[48]Infowars, and in particular Jones, has advocated numerous conspiracy theories, particularly around purported domesticfalse flag operations by theU.S. government (which they allege include the9/11 attack andSandy Hook shooting).Infowars has issued retractions various times as a result of legal challenges.[43][44] Jones has had contentious material removed, and has also been suspended and banned from many platforms for violating theirterms of service, includingFacebook,[49]Twitter,[50]YouTube,[51]iTunes,[52] andRoku.[53]
Infowars has earned most of its revenue from direct sales of products pitched by Jones, which initially consisted of videos and later includedsurvivalist products and branded merchandise, but shifted primarily todietary supplements by the late 2010s.[54][55][56] Jones has also staged direct-donationtelethons called "money bombs" althoughInfowars was never anonprofit organization.[57]
On July 30, 2022, amidst a $150 million lawsuit brought against Jones andInfowars by Sandy Hook families, Free Speech Systems filed forChapter 11 bankruptcy protection.[58] On September 24, 2024, a Houston bankruptcy judge ordered theliquidation ofInfowars and Free Speech Systems at two auctions to be held later that year.[59][60] On November 14, it was announced that Global Tetrahedron—publishers of thenews satire publicationThe Onion—had acquired the assets ofInfowars, with plans to temporarily shut it down and relaunch it in 2025 as asatirical news website; however, the original website was restored by Jones the next day after his lawyers alleged irregularities in the auction, and the bankruptcy judge put the sale on hold.[61]
Infowars was created in 1999 by Americanconspiracy theoristAlex Jones.[62][63] Founded by Jones with his then-wife Kelly, it was originally a mail-order outlet for the conspiracy-oriented videos produced by the Joneses.[64]Infowars featuresThe Alex Jones Show on their broadcasts and was established as a public-access television program aired inAustin, Texas in 1999.[62]
In 2016,Paul Joseph Watson was hired aseditor-at-large.[68][69] In February 2017, political commentatorJerome Corsi was hired as Washington bureau chief,[70] afterInfowars was granted aWhite House day pass.[71] In June 2018, Corsi's connection toInfowars ended; he received six months of severance payments.[72]
In May 2017,Mike Cernovich joined theInfowars team as a scheduled guest host forThe Alex Jones Show,[73] withCNN reporting the "elevation toInfowars host represents the meteoric rise in his profile".[74] On July 6, 2017, alongside Paul Joseph Watson, Jones began hosting a contest to create the best "CNN Meme", for which the winner would receive $20,000. They were responding toCNN reporting ona Reddit user who had created a pro-Trump, anti-CNN meme.[75][76]
In June 2017, it was announced thatRoger Stone, a former campaign advisor for Donald Trump, would be hosting his ownInfowars show "five nights a week", with an extra studio being built to accommodate his show.[37]
In March 2018, a number of major brands in the U.S. suspended their ads fromInfowars's YouTube channels, after CNN notified them that their ads were running adjacent toInfowars content.[77]
In July 2018,YouTube removed four ofInfowars's uploaded videos that violated its policy againsthate speech and suspended posts for 90 days. Facebook also banned Jones after it determined four videos on his pages violated its community standards in July 2018.[51][49] In August 2018, YouTube, Apple and Facebook removed content from Jones andInfowars, citing their policies against hate speech and harassment.[52]
In an October 2018Simmons Research survey of 38 news organizations,Infowars was ranked the second least trusted news organization by Americans, withThe Daily Caller being lower-ranked.[78]
In 2017,Haaretz reported thatInfowars had accused Israel of involvement in the 9/11 attacks, accused theRothschilds of promoting "endless war, debt slavery and a Luciferian agenda", and claimed that U.S. healthcare was under the control of a "Jewish mafia".[82]
In February 2018, Jones was accused by two former employees ofantisemitism, anti-black racism andsexual harassment of both male and female staff members. He denied the allegations.[83][84][85]
On July 27, 2018,Facebook suspended Alex Jones's official page for thirty days, claiming Jones had participated inhate speech againstRobert Mueller.[87] This was swiftly followed by action from other bodies—on August 6, Facebook,Apple,YouTube andSpotify all removed content by Alex Jones andInfowars from their platforms for violating their policies. YouTube removed channels associated withInfowars, including The Alex Jones Channel, which had gained 2.4 million subscriptions prior to its removal.[88] On Facebook, four pages associated withInfowars and Alex Jones were removed due to repeated violations of the website's policies. Apple removed all podcasts associated with Jones from itsiTunes platform and its podcast app.[52] On August 13,Vimeo removed all Jones's videos because they "violated our terms of service prohibitions on discriminatory and hateful content".[89] By February 2019, a total of 89 pages associated withInfowars or Alex Jones had been removed from Facebook due to its recidivism policy, which is designed to prevent circumventing a ban.[90] In May 2019, President Donald Trump tweeted or retweeted defenses of people associated withInfowars, including editorPaul Joseph Watson and host Alex Jones, after the Facebook ban.[91]
Beginning in September 2018, Jones andInfowars were both suspended fromTwitter andPeriscope, a Twitter subsidiary. This followed Jones tweeting a Periscope video calling on others "to get their battle rifles ready against antifa, the mainstream media, and Chicom operatives".[97] In the video he also stated, "Now is time to act on the enemy before they do a false flag." Twitter cited this as the reason to suspend his account for a week on August 14.[98] On September 6, Twitter permanently bannedInfowars and temporarily banned Alex Jones for repeated violations of the site's terms and conditions. Twitter cited abusive behavior, namely a video that "shows Jones shouting at and berating CNN journalistOliver Darcy for some 10 minutes during congressional hearings about social media."[50] Jones's ban from the platform was overturned byElon Musk in December 2023, after the latter'sacquisition of the site and subsequent rebranding as X.[99]
On September 7, 2018, theInfowars app was removed from theApple App Store.[100] On September 20, 2018,PayPal informedInfowars they would cease processing payments in ten days because "promotion of hate and discrimination runs counter to our core value of inclusion."[101] On May 2, 2019, Facebook and Instagram banned Jones andInfowars as part of a larger ban of far-right extremists. The ban covered videos, audio clips, and articles fromInfowars, but excluded criticism ofInfowars. Facebook indicated it would take downgroups that violated the ban.[102] TheInfowars app was pulled fromGoogle Play on March 27, 2020, for violating its policies on spreading "misleading or harmful disinformation", after Jones opposed efforts to contain COVID-19 and said "natural antivirals" could treat the disease.[103]
In March 2023, theSouthern Poverty Law Center reported on Jones's leaked texts from his Sandy Hook defamation trial. The texts revealed that Jones and his collaborators had been trying to evade social media bans ofInfowars content by setting up alternate websites such asNational File to disguise its origin.[104][105]
Bankruptcy and proposed acquisition
In April 2022, it became known the company behindInfowars had filed forChapter 11 bankruptcy protection, as had Infowars Health (or IWHealth), against further civil litigation lawsuits.[106] The court filings estimated InfoWars assets at between $0–$50,000, but its liabilities (including from the damages awarded against Jones in defamation suits) was estimated as being between $1 million to $10 million.[107]
On June 23, 2024, Jones's court-appointed bankruptcy trustee Christopher Murray filed an "emergency" motion in a Houston court indicating his intention to shut downInfowars.[108][109] According to the motion, Murray made plans to "conduct an orderly wind-down" of the operations of Free Speech Systems,Infowars's parent company, and also "liquidate its inventory", but he did not announce a timetable; on his radio show, Jones had said that he expectsInfowars to operate for a few more months, or to be sold to another party that may retain him as an employee.[108] Murray also asked the bankruptcy court to put a hold on the Sandy Hook families' attempts to collect their settlements from Jones, saying that their efforts would interfere with the liquidation; much of its proceeds would ultimately go to the families, Murray said.[108] On September 24, bankruptcy judge Christopher Lopez approved the liquidation ofInfowars's and Free Speech Systems's assets. Auctions would be held on November 13 and December 10; no limits were to be imposed on who may bid for the company'sintellectual property and other assets.[59][60][110]
Logo ofInfowars after its acquisition by Global TetrahedronWebsite as it appeared on November 14, 2024, reading "Site unavailable till further notice."
On November 14, Global Tetrahedron—publisher of thesatirical newspaperThe Onion—announced that it had boughtInfowars's intellectual property assets in the auction, with the site afterwards shut down, to be relaunched in January 2025 as a satire written byOnion staff. CEOBen Collins stated that the new site would be "very funny" and "very stupid", and citedBluesky users who suggested that it would be funny forThe Onion to acquireInfowars. Global Tetrahedron had offered $1.75 million in cash, plus credit from families of the Sandy Hook shootings who had "agreed to forgo a portion of their recovery to increase the overall value", which it claimed brought its bid close to $7 million. The gun control advocacy groupEverytown for Gun Safety was to have an "exclusive" advertising deal upon the relaunch. Jones responded to the sale in a live stream onX (formerly Twitter), stating that it was "a distinct honor to be here in defiance of the tyrants", and that "I don't know what's going to happen, but I'm going to be here until they come in there and turn the lights off. I'm going to say, 'where's your court order?'"[111][112]
Hours after Global Tetrahedron's announcement, Jones's lawyers said that the auction had been conducted improperly, and Judge Lopez put a hold on the sale pending a hearing to be held the following week.[61][113][114] Murray also received a $3.5 million cash offer from Jones-affiliated First United American Companies; although its cash value was less, the Global Tetrahedron offer was better for Jones's other creditors because Sandy Hook families would partially forgo payments, but this made the offer difficult to precisely valuate.[113][114] Full terms of the offer were not publicly disclosed.[114] Jones's lawyers said that Murray acted improperly in accepting the offer, saying that the two offers were difficult to directly compare. Additionally, Lopez indicated that he had expected bidders to be able to counterbid, although his September order gave Murray the authority to conduct a sealed-bid auction at Murray's sole discretion.[113] Jones's lawyers said that Murray had scheduled a public bid period but abruptly canceled it after the initial sealed bids had been submitted.[114]
The original website was restored on the morning of November 15 by Jones, who told viewers that Murray had improperly shut it down before the sale was finalized, and posted on X the next day that the sale "never happened".[113][114] On November 18, Jones sued Murray and some Sandy Hook families, accusing them of colluding to arrange the acceptance of a "flagrantly non-compliantFrankenstein bid" and asking the judge to halt the sale.[115] Lopez rejected the sale on December 10,[116] ruling that an auction did not result in the best bids possible, but rejecting Jones's claims of "collusion" in the auction.[117]
Content
Promotion of conspiracy theories and fake news
Infowars disseminated multiple conspiracy theories, including false claims against theHPV vaccine[41] and claims the2017 Las Vegas shooting was part of a conspiracy.[118] In 2015, skepticBrian Dunning listed it at #4 on a "Top 10 Worst Anti-Science Websites" list.[119]
Infowars has published and promotedfake news,[45] and Jones has been accused ofknowingly misleading people to make money.[125] In the summer of 2015, video editor Josh Owens and reporterJoe Biggs took a video of workers loading cargo in Texas. They claimed the men were drug smugglers; the Drudge Report picked up their headline, andDonald Trump used it in a campaign speech. Owens admitted years later: "It's not about truth, it's not about accuracy—it's about what's going to make people click on this video... In essence, we lied." (Biggs was later indicted for seditious conspiracy for his role with theProud Boys in theJanuary 6, 2021 attack on the Capitol.)[126] As part of the probe by theFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) intoRussian interference in the 2016 United States elections,Infowars was investigated to see if it was complicit in the dissemination of fake news stories distributed by Russian bots.[127]
Infowars regularly claimed, without evidence, that mass shootings were staged "false flag" operations, and accused survivors of such events of being crisis actors employed by theUnited States government.Infowars host Alex Jones promoted theSandy Hook Elementary School shooting conspiracy theories, claiming that the massacre of twenty elementary school students and six staff members was "completely fake" and "manufactured," a stance for which Jones was heavily criticized.[42] In March 2018, six families of victims of theSandy Hook Elementary School shooting, as well as an FBI agent who responded to the attack, filed a defamation lawsuit against Jones for his role in spreading conspiracy theories about the shooting.[130] In December 2019,Infowars and Jones were ordered to pay $100,000 in legal fees prior to the trial for another defamation lawsuit from a different family whose son was killed in the shooting.[131][132] In a June 2022 agreement, the families agreed to drop their Texas and Connecticut defamation cases against Infowars, Prison Planet TV and IW Health, and in return, those companies would no longer pursue their Texas case for bankruptcy protection. The agreement did not end the separate defamation cases against Alex Jones and Free Speech Systems.[133]
Infowars promoted fabricatedPizzagate claims. The fake claims led to harassment of the owner and employees ofComet Ping Pong, a Washington, D.C. pizzeria targeted by the conspiracy theories, including threatening phone calls, online harassment, anddeath threats. The owner sent a letter to Jones in February 2017 demanding a retraction or apology. (Such a letter is required before a party may seekpunitive damages in an action for libel underTexas law).[135]
After receiving the letter, Jones said, "I want our viewers and listeners to know that we regret any negative impact our commentaries may have had on Mr. Alefantis, Comet Ping Pong, or its employees. We apologize to the extent our commentaries could be construed as negative statements about Mr. Alefantis or Comet Ping Pong, and we hope that anyone else involved in commenting on Pizzagate will do the same thing."Infowars also issued a correction on its website.[136]
Infowars reporterOwen Shroyer also targeted East Side Pies, a group of pizza restaurants in Austin, Texas, with similar fake "Pizzagate" claims. Following the claims, the pizza business was targeted by phone threats, vandalism, and harassment, which the co-owners called "alarming, disappointing, disconcerting and scary".[46]
Chobani retraction
In 2017,Infowars (along with similar sites) published a fake story about U.S. yogurt manufacturerChobani, with headlines including "Idaho yogurt maker caught importing migrant rapists" and "allegations that Chobani's practice of hiring refugees brought crime and tuberculosis toTwin Falls". Chobani ultimately filed a federal lawsuit against Jones,[137] which led to asettlement on confidential terms in May 2017. Jones offered an apology and retraction, admitting he had made "certain statements" onInfowars "that I now understand to be wrong".[43][44]
Seth Rich retraction
In 2019,Jerome Corsi and InfoWars apologized and retracted a story promoting conspiracy theories about themurder of Seth Rich. The retraction was published on the front page of InfoWars, where Corsi said that "his allegations were not based upon any independent factual knowledge." Corsi said that he retracted the story because it relied on information thatThe Washington Times had retracted, but still thought that investigators should look into whether Seth Rich played a role.[138][139]
Businesses
While Jones stated, "I'm not a business guy, I'm a revolutionary", he spent much ofInfowars's air time pitching dietary supplements andsurvivalist products to his audience. As a private firm,Infowars and its affiliatedlimited liability companies were not required to make public financial statements; as a result, observers could only estimate its revenue and profits.[55]
Prior to 2013, Jones focused on building a "media empire".[56] By 2013, Alex Seitz-Wald ofSalon estimated that Jones was earning as much as $10 million a year between subscriptions, web and radio advertising, and sales of DVDs, T-shirts, and other merchandise.[54] That year, Jones changed his business model to incorporate selling proprietary dietary supplements, including one that promised to "supercharge" cognitive functions.[56]
Unlike most talk radio shows,Infowars itself did not directly generate income, as it did not receive syndication fees from its syndicator GCN nor a cut of GCN's advertising, and it did not sell its own advertising time. By 2017, the show had ceased promoting its video service (though it still existed), andInfowars did not make any documentary films after 2012; virtually all of its revenue was being generated by selling Jones's dietary supplements to viewers and listeners through the site's online store.[56]
In 2017, the supplements sold on theInfowars store were primarily sourced from Dr. Edward F. Group III, achiropractor who founded the Global Healing Center supplement vendor.[56] A significant portion ofInfowars's products containcolloidal silver, which Jones falsely claimed "kills every virus", including "the wholeSARS-corona family"; this claim was disputed by theFood and Drug Administration (FDA).[140]
A lesser source of revenue forInfowars was its "money bomb"telethons, which resembledpublic radio fundraisers, exceptInfowars was a for-profit institution. According to formerInfowars employees, a money bomb could raise $100,000 in a day.[57]
In 2014, Jones claimed thatInfowars was accumulating over $20 million in annual revenue.The New York Times attributed most of the revenue to sales of supplements, including "Super Male Vitality" and "Brain Force Plus", whichInfowars purported would increasetestosterone and mental agility, respectively.[55] Court documents in 2014 indicate thatInfowars was successful enough for Jones and his then-wife to be planning to "build a swimming pool complex... featuring a waterfall and dining cabana with a stone fireplace". The documents also listed Jones's possessions, including fourRolex watches, a $40,000 saltwater aquarium, a $70,000 grand piano, $50,000 in weapons, and $70,000 in jewelry.[55]
AfterInfowars was banned by Facebook, YouTube, Apple, Spotify, and Pinterest, Jones appealed to viewers, "The enemy wants to cut off our funding to destroy us. If you don't fund us, we'll be shut down."[55]
^abKaiser, Jonas; Rauchfleisch, Adrian; Bourassa, Nikki (March 15, 2020). "Connecting the (Far-)Right Dots: A Topic Modeling and Hyperlink Analysis of (Far-)Right Media Coverage during the US Elections 2016".Digital Journalism.8 (3).Taylor & Francis: 2, 6.doi:10.1080/21670811.2019.1682629.ISSN2167-0811.S2CID211434599.
^abKaiser, Jonas (September 17, 2019). "In the heartland of climate scepticism: A hyperlink network analysis of German climate sceptics and the US right wing". In Forchtner, Bernard (ed.).The Far Right and the Environment: Politics, Discourse and Communication.Routledge. p. 258.ISBN978-1-351-10402-9.
^Squire, Megan; Hayden, Michael Edison (March 8, 2023)."'Absolutely Bonkers': Inside Infowars' Money Machine".Southern Poverty Law Center. RetrievedMarch 27, 2023.Jones' text messages suggest Jones and his collaborators sought to launder his Infowars content to social media sites that had banned it, while disguising its true origin. For example, the texts reveal that Jones created the junk-news website National File.
^Barr, Kyle (March 17, 2023)."Alex Jones' Alleged Secret Site Gets Around Social Media Bans".Gizmodo. RetrievedMarch 27, 2023.In leaked texts shared earlier this month by the Southern Poverty Law Center between him and well-known Republican operative Roger Stone in 2020, Jones said "off record this is my site" in relation to National File.
^abcdeZimmerman, David (November 16, 2024)."Judge Blocks The Onion Bid for Alex Jones's InfoWars to Review Bankruptcy Auction".nationalreview.com. National Review. RetrievedNovember 16, 2024.Infowars sale to the Onion never happened," Jones posted on X on Saturday. "I am back broadcasting from the Infowars studios... This is a huge scandal! MSM is still falsely reporting that the Onion is the new owner.
^Gold, Hadas (November 19, 2024)."Alex Jones and his allies are desperately trying to stop the sale of Infowars to The Onion".CNN. RetrievedNovember 20, 2024.In a lawsuit filed Monday in the US Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas, Jones claimed trustee Christopher Murray and the families "colluded" for a "flagrantly non-compliant Frankenstein bid" and asked a judge to halt the sale.
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