| Indium-111 WBC scan | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Indium leukocyte imaging,Indium-111 scan,Indium scan |
| ICD-10-PCS | C?1?DZZ (planar) C?2?DZZ (tomographic) |
| ICD-9-CM | 92.18 |
| OPS-301 code | 3-70c |
| LOINC | 25032-4,41772-5,41836-8,42711-2 |
Theindium white blood cell scan is anuclear medicine procedure in whichwhite blood cells (mostlyneutrophils) are removed from the patient, tagged with the radioisotopeIndium-111, and then injected intravenously into the patient. The tagged leukocytes subsequently localize to areas of relatively new infection. The study is particularly helpful in differentiating conditions such asosteomyelitis fromdecubitus ulcers for assessment of route and duration ofantibiotic therapy.[1][2]
In imaging of infections, thegallium scan has a sensitivity advantage over the indium white blood cell scan in imagingosteomyelitis (bone infection[3]) of the spine, lung infections and inflammation, and in detecting chronic infections. In part, this is because gallium binds to neutrophil membranes, even after neutrophil death, whereas localization of neutrophils labeled with indium requires them to be in relatively good functional order. However, indium leukocyte imaging is better at localizing acute (i.e., new) infections, where live neutrophils are still rapidly and actively localizing to the infection, for imaging for osteomyelitis that does not involve the spine, and for locating abdominal and pelvic infections.
Both the gallium scan and indium-111 white blood cell imaging may be used to imagefever of unknown origin (elevated temperature without an explanation). However, the indium leukocyte scan will localize only to the approximately 25% of such cases which are caused by acute infections, while gallium is more broadly sensitive, localizing to other sources of fever, such as chronic infections and tumors. Gallium may be a better choice for spleen study because gallium does not normally accumulate in the spleen.
