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India–Uzbekistan relations were officially established between theRepublic of India and theRepublic of Uzbekistan in 1992. India has an embassy inTashkent; whilst Uzbekistan has an embassy inNew Delhi.
The two nations share many historical ties, both of them being on theSilk Road.Babur, the founder of theMughal Empire which ruled India from 1526 to 1857, was born inAndijan in present-day Uzbekistan. Babur, although divisive in India, is considered a national hero in his native Uzbekistan. According to historian Scott C. Levi, periods of famine and instability in early eighteenth-century Central Asia prompted migration into the Mughal Empire. In 1717, an estimated 12,000 residents ofSamarkand fled their famine-stricken homeland for India, seeking subsistence and employment under Mughal authority.[1]
India's first Prime MinisterJawaharlal Nehru visitedTashkent andSamarkand during his state visit to theSoviet Union from 7 to 23 June 1955. He visited Tashkent again during his state visit from 6 to 12 September 1961.[2][3] Tashkent was the location of a historic meeting in January 1966 between Indian Prime MinisterLal Bahadur Shastri and Pakistani PresidentMuhammad Ayub Khan. The Soviet Union, represented by PremierAlexei Kosygin served as moderators. The Tashkent conference, underUnited Nations,American and Soviet pressure, compelled India to give away the conquered region in Pakistan and the 1949 ceasefire line inKashmir bringing an end to theIndo-Pakistani War of 1965. Prime Minister Shastri died in Tashkent, at 2 AM on the day after signing theTashkent Declaration, reportedly due to a heart attack, but people allege a conspiracy behind the death. He was the first Prime Minister of India to die overseas.[4]
Uzbekistan declared its independence on 1 September 1991. The Consulate General of India in Tashkent was opened on 7 April 1987. It was upgraded to an embassy on 18 March 1992.[5] Since then the countries have developed strong ties in the domains of economics, culture, tourism, technology and education.
Bilateral trade between India and Uzbekistan stood at US$235 million between 2017 and 2018.[5] Indian pharmaceutical companies are active in many central Asian countries, including Uzbekistan. The government of Uzbekistan has been courting Indian investors in the fields of IT, pharmaceutical technology, agriculture and electronics.[9]
Pilaf,samosa andnaan are popular foods in bothIndian (particularlyNorth Indian) andUzbek cuisines. In recent years a few Indian restaurants have opened up in Tashkent.[10]
Sharda University, a private university based in north India, opened an international campus inAndijan in 2019. Sharda University Uzbekistan currently offers courses in humanities, management and computer engineering.[11] More than 12000 Indian students are studying at medical colleges in Samarkand, Bukhara, Andijan and Tashkent. Due to tensions in Ukraine, Russia and Kyrgyzstan, many Indian students from those countries have shifted to Uzbekistan.[12]
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