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Takis Fotopoulos
Born	(1940-10-14)14 October 1940 (age 85) Chios,Kingdom of Greece
Education
Alma mater	University of Athens London School of Economics
Philosophical work
Era	20th-/21st-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Libertarian socialism Founder of theInclusive Democracy project
Institutions	Polytechnic of North London
Main interests	Political philosophy,international relations,social movements
Notable ideas	Inclusive Democracy, the present multi-dimensional crisis, the transnationalelite and itswars on terrorism, critique ofleft-wing politics

Takis Fotopoulos (Greek:Τάκης Φωτόπουλος; born 14 October 1940) is aGreekpolitical philosopher, economist and writer who founded theInclusive Democracy movement, aiming at asynthesis ofclassical democracy withlibertarian socialism^[1] and the radical currents in thenew social movements.

He is an academic, and has written many books and over 900 articles. He is the editor ofThe International Journal of Inclusive Democracy (which succeededDemocracy & Nature) and is the author ofTowards An Inclusive Democracy (1997) in which the foundations of the Inclusive Democracy project were set.^[2] His latest book isThe New World Order in Action: Volume 1: Globalization, the Brexit Revolution and the "Left"- Towards a Democratic Community of Sovereign Nations (December 2016). Fotopoulos is Greek and lives inLondon.^[3]

Fotopoulos was born on the Greek island ofChios and his family moved toAthens soon afterwards. After graduating from theUniversity of Athens with degrees inEconomics andPolitical Science and inLaw, he moved to London in 1966 for postgraduate study at theLondon School of Economics on a Varvaressos scholarship from Athens University. He was a studentsyndicalist and activist in Athens^[a] and then a political activist in London, taking an active part in the1968 student protests there, and in organisations of the revolutionary Greek Left during the struggle against theGreek military junta of 1967–1974. During this period, he was a member of the Greek group calledRevolutionary Socialist Groups in London, which published the newspaperΜαμή ("Midwife", from the Marxian dictum, "violence is the midwife of revolution") for which he wrote several articles.^[4] Fotopoulos married Sia Mamareli (a former lawyer) in 1966; the couple have a son, Costas (born in 1974), who is a composer and pianist.

Fotopoulos was a Senior Lecturer in Economics at thePolytechnic of North London from 1969 to 1989, until he began editing the journalSociety & Nature, laterDemocracy & Nature and subsequently the onlineInternational Journal of Inclusive Democracy.^[2][3] He was also a columnist ofEleftherotypia,^[5] the second-biggest newspaper in Greece.^[6]

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Fotopoulos developed thepolitical project ofInclusive Democracy (ID) in 1997 (an exposition can be found inTowards An Inclusive Democracy). The first issue ofSociety & Nature declared that:

our ambition is to initiate an urgently needed dialogue on the crucial question of developing a new liberatory social project, at a moment inHistory when theLeft has abandoned this traditional role.^[7]

It specified that the new project should be seen as the outcome of a synthesis of the democratic, libertarian socialist andradical Green traditions.^[8] Since then, a dialogue has followed in the pages of the journal, in which supporters of theautonomy project likeCornelius Castoriadis,social ecology supporters including its founderMurray Bookchin, and Green activists and academics likeSteven Best have taken part.

The starting point for Fotopoulos' work is that the world faces a multi-dimensional crisis (economic, ecological, social, cultural and political) which is caused by the concentration of power in elites, as a result of the market economy, representative democracy and related forms of hierarchical structure. An inclusive democracy, which involves the equal distribution of power at all levels, is seen not as a utopia (in the negative sense of the word) or a "vision" but as perhaps the only way out of the present crisis, with trends towards its creation manifesting themselves today in many parts of the world. Fotopoulos is in favor ofmarket abolitionism, although he would not identify himself as a market abolitionist as such because he considers market abolition as one aspect of an inclusive democracy which refers only to theeconomic democracy component of it. He maintains that "modern hierarchical society," which for him includes both thecapitalist market economy and "socialist" statism, is highly oriented toward economic growth, which has glaring environmental contradictions. Fotopoulos proposes a model of economic democracy for a stateless, marketless and moneyless economy but he considers that the economic democracy component is equally significant to the other components of ID, i.e. political ordirect democracy, economic democracy, ecological democracy and democracy in the social realm. Fotopoulos' work has been critically assessed by important activists, theorists and scholars.^{[1][9][10][11][12][13][14]}

• Towards An Inclusive Democracy. The Crisis of the Growth Economy and the Need for a New Liberatory Project (London/New York: Cassell Continuum, 1997), 401 pp. ISBN 0-304-33627-0 and 0-304-33628-9.
• Education, Culture and Modernization, ed. by Peter Alheit et al. (Roskide University, 1995). (Takis Fotopoulos contribution:"The crisis of the growth economy, the withering away of the nation-state and the community-based society").
• Defending Public Schools, ed. by David A. Gabbard & E. Wayne Ross (Praeger, 2004). (Takis Fotopoulos contribution:"The State, the Market and (Mis-)education").
• Critical Perspectives on Globalisation, ed. by Robert Hunter Wade, Marina Della Giusta and Uma Kambhampati (Chelthenham, UK & Northampton, MA US: Edward Elgar publishing, 2006). (Takis Fotopoulos contribution:"The global 'war' of the transnational elite").
• Eco-socialism as Politics: Rebuilding the Basis of Our Modern Civilisation ed. by Qingzhi Huan (Springer, 1st Edition, 2010, XI), 224 p., Hardcover,ISBN 978-90-481-3744-2. (Takis Fotopoulos contribution: "The De-growth Utopia: The Incompatibility of De-growth within an Internationalised Market Economy").
• Academic Repression: Reflections from the Academic Industrial Complex ed. by A.J.Nocella, Steven Best, Peter McLaren (AK Press, Oakland, CA & Edinburgh, 2010), 590 p, paperback,ISBN 978-1-904859-98-7. (Takis Fotopoulos contribution: "Systemic Aspects of Academic Repression in the New World Order". Afull version of this essay is published inThe International Journal of Inclusive Democracy, Vol. 4, No. 4 (October 2008).
• Critical Pedagogy in the new dark ages: challenges and possibilities, ed by Maria Nikolakaki (Peter Lang Publishing, 2012),ISBN 978-1433114274. (Takis Fotopoulos contribution: "From (mis)education to Paedeia," pp. 81–119.)
• Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto, ed by Frederic L. Bender (second revised edition; New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 2013),ISBN 978-0393935608. (Takis Fotopoulos & A. Gezerlis contribution: "Hardt & Negri's Empire: A new Communist Manifesto or a reformist Welcome to Neoliberal Globalization?," (extract), pp. 232–34.)
• The New World Order in Action. Vol. 1: Globalization, the Brexit Revolution and the 'Left' - Towards a Democratic Community of Sovereign Nations (San Diego, Cal., US: Progressive Press, 2016).ISBN 978-1615772476.

• Anarchist economics

• Takis Fotopoulos,"Inclusive Democracy" entry in theRoutledge Encyclopedia of International Political Economy (ed. by Barry Jones), Vol. 2 (2001), pp. 732–740.
• “The Inclusive Democracy project – six years on“ (essays on the ID project by Michael Levin,Arran Gare, David Freeman,Serge Latouche, Jean-Claude Richard, Takis Nikolopoulos,Rafael Spósito, Guido Galafassi, Takis Fotopoulos and others),Democracy & Nature, Vol. 9, No. 3 (November 2003).
• “Debate on the Inclusive Democracy project (Parts I & II)“,The International Journal of Inclusive Democracy, Vol. 1, No. 2 (January 2005) and Vol. 1, No. 3 (May 2005).
• Takis Fotopoulos,"Inclusive Democracy" inAlternative Economies, Alternative Societies ed. byOliver Ressler & Aneta Szylak, 240 pages (20 pages in color), languages: English and Polish,ISBN 978-83-924665-0-5 (Gdansk: Wyspa Institute of Art, Poland, 2007). [Published in German/Hungarian byPromedia Verlag, Vienna 2008.ISBN 978-3-85371-291-7.]

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Overviews

• "Inclusive Democracy" entry in theRoutledge Encyclopedia of International Political EconomyArchived 2012-02-08 at theWayback Machine (ed. by Barry Jones), Vol. 2 (2001), pp. 732–740.
• Takis Fotopoulos' Archive

Selected interviews

• "What is Inclusive Democracy? onYouTube. Takis Fotopoulos' Interview about Inclusive Democracy". Interview taken byOliver Ressler for his video seriesAlternative Economics, Alternative Societies (2003-2008) (July 19, 2003). Retrieved 21 April 2014.
• Inclusive Democracy - A transcript of the video interview given by Takis Fotopoulos to Oliver Ressler for the projectAlternative Economics, Alternative Societies (2003-2008) (Recorded in London, 2003). Retrieved 9 October 2015.
• Interview with Galina Tichinskaya for Pravda.ru:"Is there a way out of the crisis within EU? The case of Greece" onYouTube and transcript:"Is there a way out of the crisis within EU? The case of Greece" (26 February 2015).
• "On the rise of Neoliberalism: An Interview with Takis Fotopoulos" (8 May 2009). Retrieved 21 April 2014.
• Interview forEqual Time for Freethought radio show, [original aired as Show 247: Takis Fotopoulos, 30 December 2007; later due to its poor audio quality replaced and renamedShow 289: 1-Hour Special: A Prescription for Real Social Change.] (WBAI radio 99.5 FM, New York City, USA).transcript,audio (1:00:48 min).

Selected talks

• "Inclusive Democracy as a political project for a new libertarian synthesis: rationale, proposed social structure and transition" talk given by Takis Fotopoulos at theCNT centenary conference onself-management (Barcelona, 10 April 2010). Retrieved 21 April 2014.
• Takis Fotopoulos talk on the Multidimensional Crisis and Inclusive Democracy (Exeter College,University of Oxford, 12 November 2008). Video in 3 parts:Part 1 (talk),part 2 (talk/discussion),part 3 (discussion). Retrieved 21 April 2014.
• A talk given by Takis Fotopoulos about the Internationalization of the Capitalist Market Economy and the project of Inclusive Democracy (University of Vermont (US), 19 April 1996), followed by a discussion withMurray Bookchin, Dan Chodorkoff and others. Video in 3 parts:Part 1,Part 2,Part 3. Retrieved 21 April 2014.

• 1940 births
• 20th-century Greek philosophers
• 21st-century Greek philosophers
• Academics of the University of North London
• Alumni of the London School of Economics
• Anti-globalization writers
• Greek anti-capitalists
• 20th-century Greek economists
• Greek male non-fiction writers
• Greek political writers
• Greek socialists
• Libertarian socialists
• Living people
• National and Kapodistrian University of Athens alumni
• Writers from Athens
• Writers from Chios
• Philosophers of economics
• Philosophers of history
• Philosophers of technology
• Greek political philosophers
• Social philosophers
• Theorists on Western civilization
• Writers about activism and social change
• Writers about direct democracy

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