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| Other names | ImP; 5-Imidazolepropionic acid; Imidazolylpropionic acid |
| Drug class | ImidazolineI1 receptoractivator |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.769 |
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| Formula | C6H8N2O2 |
| Molar mass | 140.142 g·mol−1 |
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Imidazole propionate (ImP), also known as5-imidazolepropionic acid, is abacterialmetabolite ofhistidine and aneurotoxin.[1][2][3] It is produced byStreptococcus mutans and itsenzymeurocanate reductase (UrdA) in thegut.[1]S. mutans, as well as ImP production and circulating levels, have been found to be elevated in people withParkinson's disease.[1] In addition, administration of ImP, or colonization with ImP-producing bacteria, causesdopaminergic neurotoxicity and Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in rodents.[1] Based on these findings, UrdA-expressing and ImP-producing bacteria may be involved in theetiology of Parkinson's disease in humans.[1] ImP has also been implicated in thepathophysiology of other diseases such asatherosclerosis,[4][5][6]diabetes,[7] andAlzheimer's disease,[8] among others.[9][2][10] ImP activates theimidazolineI1 receptor and this appears to be involved in some of itstoxic effects.[6][11] Relatedly, imidazoline I1 receptorantagonists have been proposed for possible therapeutic purposes.[6][11]
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