| Il-114 | |
|---|---|
 RADAR Il-114-100 | |
| General information | |
| Type | TurbopropRegional airliner |
| National origin | Soviet Union Russia /Uzbekistan |
| Designer | Ilyushin |
| Built by | Initial:Tashkent Mechanical Plant Resumption:Voronezh Aircraft Production Association jointly withCorporation MiG[1] |
| Status | Retired; to be reintroduced in Russia |
| Primary users | Uzbekistan Airways (former) Vyborg Airlines (former) |
| Number built | 20 |
| History | |
| Manufactured | 1992–2012; 2016–present |
| Introduction date | 27 August 1998 withUzbekistan Airways[2][3][4] (first) |
| First flight | 29 March 1990 |
| Developed into | Ilyushin Il-112 |
TheIlyushin Il-114 (Russian Илью́шин Ил-114) is a Russian twin-engineturboprop airliner, designed for regional routes. First flown in 1990, it was intended to replace theAntonov An-24. A total of 20 Il-114s have been built.[5]
Production of the Il-114 was temporarily suspended in July 2012, with the sixth and last aircraft delivered toUzbekistan Airlines on 24 May 2013. In 2016, the company stated that production would be restarted with all-Russian parts, with a new first flight in 2019 and the first aircraft in commercial service in 2021.[6][7] The decision to end production adheres to theUzbek government's decision to convert theTashkent factory to other production lines (namely structural units, household purpose products, spare parts for cars and agricultural equipment), despite Russian interest in keeping the production line open. This has translated in an October 2013 announcement by a plant representative, that production is to be resumed after the factory solved financial matters and also due to the interest of a "Russian party".[8][9]
In June 1986, theIlyushinOKB began work on a replacement for theAntonov An-24, large numbers of which remained in service withAeroflot. TheSoviet Ministry of the Aviation Industry set down requirements for the An-24 replacement, including the ability to carry 60 passengers over a range of 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) at a speed of 500 kilometres per hour (310 mph), while using much less fuel than its predecessor and retaining the ability to operate out of poorly equipped airfields with unpaved runways.[10][11][12] Development of the new aircraft was expected to be relatively simple, with the first flight programmed to take place in 1989, with service entry in 1992.[11]
The first prototype made its maiden flight fromZhukovsky Airfield on 29 March 1990.[13] Development was slowed by technical problems (including delays with the TV7-117 engines), and by organisational and financial problems associated with thebreakup of the Soviet Union, with the Il-114 to be built at theTashkent Aviation Production Association in soon-to-be independentUzbekistan. The second prototype did not fly until 24 December 1991. This second prototype crashed, killing seven of nine people aboard, on 5 July 1993, causing the Russian government to withdraw funding from the Il-114, although the OKB continued development with its own money.[14][15] The Il-114 finally receivedairworthiness certification on 26 April 1997.[16]
President Putin has ordered a study into resuming Ilyushin Il-114 turboprop production at the Aviakor plant in Samara, southeast of Moscow, with results of the assessment due in September 2014.[17] Possible improvements can include updated engines and avionics, rear cargo ramp/door, structural strengthening, digitization of engineering drawings. China may be interested in the modernized Il-114.[18][19][20]
Ilyushin Company chief designer Sergey Gromov announced that they will develop a version of the Il-114 aircraft fitted with ski and wheel landing gear for the Arctic Region. The development program will produce three Il-114 aircraft by 2020 with Gidromash/Hydromash JSC (Nizhny Novgorod). It will be designated Il-114-300 and will be produced using only Russian-produced components. Four versions of Il-114-300 would be developed including a passenger version by 2019; Cargo and Arctic versions derived from the passenger version, and a Maritime Patrol Aircraft, whose prototype was showcased at Army-2015 forum.[21]
Russia's United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) expected that the Russian government would decide later on in 2015 whether to allow the state-backed aerospace group to build a new 50-to-70-seat passenger version of the Ilyushin Il-114. At Moscow's MAKS airshow on 26 August 2015, UAC president Yuri Slyusar said he favors building the new Il-114-300 model but awaits the Kremlin's endorsement.[22]
In December 2016, Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that production of the aircraft will be at the Nizhny Novgorod plant Sokol, starting in 2019–2020. Until 2025, almost 56 billion rubles from the state budget will finance the construction of 100 Il-114 planes.[citation needed] However, UAC president Yury Slusar announced at the Paris Air Show on 20 June 2017 that the production site was changed to the MiG production centre atLukhovitsy, close to Moscow. It is expected that the plant can produce 12–18 Ilyushin Il-114 regional aircraft per year to supply Russian airlines that will need around 60–80 turboprops with 50–60 seats over the next 10 to 15 years, said Slusar.[23]
At the Paris Air Show in June 2017, a memorandum of understanding (MOU) between Pratt & Whitney Canada (P&WC) and Ilyushin Joint Stock Co. was signed for P&WC to provide two PW127H engines to restart the Ilyushin Il-114-100 regional turboprop aircraft program.[24]
TheIl-112V, being developed from the Il-114 airliner, will replace Russia's aging fleet of Antonov An-26s, as the LVTS (Russian acronym for Lightweight Military-Transport Aircraft). The Ilyushin Il-112V tactical airlifter for the Russian air force was forecast to make its maiden flight in the summer of 2017, according to Yuri Slyusar, president of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC), but it was subsequently delayed.[25] On 9 November 2015, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin reiterated that the Ilyushin Il-114 will be produced in theSokol plant in Nizhny Novgorod.[26]
In July 2017, it was announced that Russia's United Aircraft Corp. (UAC) had signed a letter of intent with State Transport Leasing Co. for 50 Ilyushin Il-114-300s. Although the delivery schedule was not disclosed, the manufacturer and lessor are expected to sign a preliminary agreement on terms and conditions before the end of 2017.[27]In 2017, theKremlin injected ₽9.6 billion ($153 million) into the Il-114-300 and for three years from 2018, UAC plans to invest ₽7.66 billion ($122 million) for the Il-114-300.[28]
From February 2020, an existing Il-114 is being modified to Il-114-300 specifications using entirely domestic parts and modern technology. The new variant will carry 68 passengers, with a range of 2000 km.[29][30][31][32]
On 28 November 2020, the renovated Il-114 started its ground testing at an unspecified airfield within Moscow.[citation needed]
A converted Il-114 made its first flight on 16 December 2020 fromZhukovsky Airfield. The aircraft was fitted withKlimov TV7-117ST-01 engines andAerosila AV-112-114propellers, with an improved takeoff power of 3,100 hp (2,300 kW).[33] Further improvements include the installation of anAerosila TA-14-114 auxiliary power unit, and the TsPNK-114M2 digital avionics suite developed byConcern Radio-Electronic Technologies.[34] A second flight took place on 19 January 2021.[35]
In June 2022, theGovernment of Russia announced an ambitious plan to re-invigorate its commercial aircraft industry, following further western sanctions.[36] The plan aims for 80 percent of the countries commercial aircraft fleet to be domestically built by 2030. Included in these plans was the aim for 70 Ilyushin Il-114-300 aircraft to be produced by the end of the decade.
Flight tests were paused in 2021 as a result of the crash of a prototypeIlyushin Il-112 on 17 August 2021 atKubinka, equipped with the sameTV7-117 engines.[37][38][39][40] An investigation conducted by theInterstate Aviation Committee andMinpromtorg attributed the cause of the crash to technical issues with the starboard TV7-117ST engine.[41] Other aircraft which utilise the same engine such as theMil Mi-38 were also temporarily grounded. As a result, the prototype was presented from taking part in the "Army-2021" international military technical forum.[42]
In January 2023, theFederal Air Transport Agency issued the type certificate for the TV7-117ST-01 engine after design issues were reportedly resolved.[43][44][45][46]
In March 2024, flight tests resumed atTretyakovo.[47] The first new-built OP-2 prototype made its maiden flight on 31 March 2024 piloted by test pilots Sergei Sukhar, Igor Zinov and Oleg Gryazev.[48] Certification tests would continue throughout 2024.[49]
In March 2025, the second new-built Il-114-300 OP-3 fully assembled from Russian components took flight fromTretyakovo.[50][51] The aircraft would join the existing newly built OP-2 prototype as well as the converted OP-1 for flight testing.[52] In October 2025, certification flights began, with test Il-114-300 aircraft conducting operational tests atGorno-Altaysk Airport, in theAltai Republic.[53] Flights were carried out betweenLukhovitsy,Gorno-Altaysk andBaikonur inKazakhstan.[54]RostecCEOSergei Chemezov stated that certification was expected to be completed by early 2026, with deliveries to begin in August 2026[55][56]
On 14 November 2025 the type certificate for the AV-112-114 six-bladepropeller developed byAerosila was issued by theFederal Air Transport Agency.[57][58][59]
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From 2005, an Il-114 was converted into a flying testbed by Agat and Radar-MMS. With a capability to loiter for 14 hours, Agat and Radar-MMS have turned it into an advanced-technology maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) demonstrator. Il-114 RA93001 aircraft demonstrated the transmission of telemetry and targeting data in real time using a wide-band secure datalink using the Kasatka rescue and targeting complex during IMDS’2015 maritime show. This Il-114 has a FLIR under the nose, a magnetometer in the tail section, a semi-automatic sonobuoy dispenser, and two pylons under the fuselage for sensor pods or Kh-35 anti-ship missiles. On the right side of the fuselage, a GSh-2-23 twin-barrel 23-mm rapid fire cannon pod can be installed, with conformal metric-band antennas on both sides. This aircraft has two radars, one (KS-9) working in metric waveband (range up to 50 km) and the other (KS-1 or Zarya) in centimetric waveband (range 300 km). An additional antenna is in an underbelly dome for 360-degree coverage.[60]
The Russian naval service chief Maj. Gen. Igor Kozhin announced that the Russian navy is looking for "a modern and suitable universal platform" to replace the aging Il-20/Il-38 MPA fleet. Selection will be made in the period of 2015–16. A Maritime Patrol version of the Il-114 twin-turboprop airliner most likely will be a candidate. According to Georgy Antsev, general director and designer for Morinformsystem-Agat, "In my view, the Il-114 is the best choice for the Russian navy". Companies promoting the Il-114 as an MPA include Agat, Ilyushin, Radar-MMS and others.[60]
The Ilyushin Il-114 is alow-wingcantilevermonoplane with a conventional sweptempennage with a singlevertical stabiliser andrudder. The airframe is constructed mainly of metal, withcomposite materials used in thewing box, dorsal fin,ailerons, spoilers,wing-root fairings andradome. The aircraft has retractable tricyclenosewheel undercarriage, while double-slottedtrailing edge flaps are fitted to the wings.[61][62] Up to 64 passengers are accommodated in the aircraft's cabin, with passengers' baggage carried in compartments at the front and rear of the cabin, rather than under the cabin floor.[61][63]
A low wing configuration was chosen, as opposed to earlier aircraft such as theAntonov An-24 with a high wing design, in order to reduce the landing gear height and weight, ease maintenance, and improve reliability on short and unpaved runways.[64]
The primary flight controls are mechanical, with controls commanded using a mechanicalyoke andpedals. Unlike previous Soviet airliners such as theAntonov An-24, which had a large flight crew, the Il-114 is flown by a crew of two, who are provided withcathode-ray tube based electronic flight instruments provided by either the NIIAO TsPNK-114 complex, or a stack produced byRockwell Collins Aerospace.[65][66]
The Il-114-300 includes cockpit improvements such as the TsPNK-114M2 digital avionics suite developed byConcern Radio-Electronic Technologies.[34] This system allows the aircraft to operate in ICAO Category II conditions, with information being displayed on five LCD displays.
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During the original production run of the Il-114, powerplants from bothRussian and Western suppliers were considered, both driving six-blade propellers from eitherHamilton Sundstrand orAerosila. Several aircraft delivered to Uzbekistan Airways were equipped withPratt & Whitney Canada PW127H engines, designated the Il-114-100.[67] The remaining produced aircraft were equipped with the Russian builtKlimov TV7-117S and later the TV7-117SM engine.
Following the resumption of production, new Il-114-300 aircraft will be equipped with the upgradedKlimov TV7-117ST-01 engine, as well asAerosila TA-14 auxiliary power unit.[68]
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SinceVyborg was forced to shut down in July 2010,Uzbekistan Airways was the sole operator of the type until May 2018.[69] As of May 2018, no further orders had been placed for the Ilyushin 114.
In the winter of 2013–2014 the aircraft was scheduled for the following routes:[70]
Though the aircraft is not scheduled for other flights, following ad hoc changes it is also (though rarely) flown to other destinations in Uzbekistan. This also includes international connections: though these are no longer scheduled for the Ilyushin 114, the aircraft is sometimes used ad hoc on flights between Tashkent andAshgabad as well asBishkek. Uzbekistan Airways frequently changed aircraft prior to flights in order to allow for optimal usage of aircraft space in relation to actual demand.[citation needed]
Current:
Former:
| Date | Airline | EIS | Orders | Options | Deliveries | Operated | Notes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 August 2019 |  Polar Airlines | TBD | 8 | — | — | — | [74] | |
| 4 September 2019 | KrasAvia | TBD | 3 | — | — | — | [75] | |
| 20 July 2021 | Aurora | 2025– | 19 | — | — | — | [76][77] | |
| 15 August 2021 | Vologda Air Enterprise | 2024– | 3 | — | — | — | [78][79] | |
| Total: | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004[61]
General characteristics
Performance
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
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