Ibn Kullāb ابن كُلاَّب | |
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| Personal life | |
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | 240 A.H. = 854 A.D.[1] 241 A.H. = 855 A.D. |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| Region | Abbasid Caliphate |
| Main interest(s) | Aqidah,Kalam (Islamic theology) |
| Notable work(s) | Al-Radd 'ala al-Hashwiyya |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni[2][3][4] |
| Jurisprudence | Shafi'i[5] |
| Creed | Ahl al-Hadith[6][7] |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by
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Ibn Kullab (Arabic:ابن كُلاَّب) (d. ca. 241/855) was an earlySunnitheologian (mutakallim)[2][3] inBasra andBaghdad in the first half of the 9th century during the time of theMihna and belonged, according toIbn al-Nadim, to the traditionalist group of the Nawabit.[Note 1] His movement, also called Kullabiyya,[Note 2] merged and developed intoAsh'arism, which, along withMaturidism andAtharism (practically:Hanbalism),[Note 3] forms the theological basis ofSunni Islam.[11]
Ibn Kullab headed a group made up of mainly direct and second generation students ofAl-Shafi that included Al-Karibisi, Al-Qalanisi,Al-Muhasibi,Al-Bukhari,Abu Thawr andDawud-al Zahiri.[12] They were known for their extreme criticism ofJahmis,Mu'tazilis, andAnthropomorphists by using rationalistic methods (Kalam) to defend orthodox creedal points of Sunni Islam.[13] They contradicted theMu'tazili doctrine of Khalq al-Qur'an (Createdness of the Qur'an) by introducing a distinction between the words of God (Kalam Allah) and its pronunciation.[14]
He was praised by several famous scholars, includingIbn 'Asakir,Taj al-Din al-Subki,Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani,Ibn Khaldun,Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani,Ibn Qadi Shuhba,Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi,Kamal al-Din al-Bayadi in hisIsharat al-Maram,Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi in his workKitab Usul al-Din,al-Shahrastani inal-Milal wa al-Nihal, andal-Kawthari.[15]
Abu Muhammad 'Abdallah ibn Sa'id ibn Kullab al-Qattan al-Basri al-Tamimi.[11]
He belonged to the generation ofAhmad ibn Hanbal andIshaq ibn Rahwayh. His precise year of birth is unknown, but he lived in the period of the 'Abbasid caliphal-Ma'mun.
It has been said thatDawud al-Zahiri,al-Bukhari andal-Harith al-Muhasibi learnedkalam from him, according toal-Dhahabi in hisSiyar A'lam Al-Nubala'.[16] It has been reported also thatal-Junayd al-Baghdadi was one of his students.[17]
He has a number of works that are documented such as:
These books are lost, however remnants of them can be found in other works such asMaqalat al-Islamiyyin ofAbu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari. He was also quoted by the early Ash'ari scholars such asIbn Furak (d. 406H).
He died in 240 AH, or according to some in 241 AH.
Ibn Kullab was a scholar of Ahl al-Sunnat wa-al-Jamaʿah and established the Kullabiya school.
Wasiti's position on this matter seem to be in keeping with the earlyAhl al-Hadith theologian Ibn Kullab (d. ca. 240/855)
Diese sind vielmehr – wie der ašʿaritische Doxograph ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baġdādī (gest. 429/1037) sie nennt – die frühen Generationen der spekulativen Theologen unter den Traditionalisten (al-mutaqaddimün min mutakallimi ahl al-hadit);" allen voran Ibn Kulläb (gest. 241/855), aber auch Denker wie al-Muhäsibi (gest. 243/857) und al-Qalänisi (bl. in der zweiten Hälfte des 3./9. Jhs.).
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
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