 | |
| Men | |
|---|---|
| Number of shots | 60+24 |
| Olympic Games | Since 1984 |
| World Championships | Since 1970 |
| Abbreviation | AR60 |
| Women | |
| Number of shots | 60+24 |
| Olympic Games | Since 1984 |
| World Championships | Since 1970 |
| Abbreviation | AR60W |
10 meter air rifle is anInternational Shooting Sports Federation (ISSF) shooting event,shot at a bullseye target over a distance of 10 meters (10.94 yards) using a4.5 mm (0.177 in) calibreair rifle with a maximum weight of 5.5 kg (12.13 lb). It is one of theISSF sports governed inshooting sports included in theSummer Olympics since the1984 Los Angeles Games.
Shots are fired from thestanding position only, as opposed to some other airgun disciplines such as forthree positions (popular in the United States) or indisabled sports, which allowssitting andprone positions. Due to the lowrecoil of air guns and the need for stability, the shooter frequently adopts a deliberatelylordotic andscoliotic posture, which allows thenon-dominantelbow to be rested against the chest to support theforearm and improves the stability of the shooting stance. The use of specialized rigidly paddedvest is allowed to prevent chronic back injury, which can be caused by prolonged asymmetric load on thespinal column.
The major competitions are the Olympic Games every four years and theISSF World Shooting Championships every four years (the Games and the Championships are held two years apart). In addition, the event is included in theISSF World Cup series, the ISSF World Cup Final, continental championships, and many other international and national competitions. It is an indoor sport. In many clubs and ranges,electronic targets are now being used instead of the traditional paper targets.
Scores in 10-meter air rifles have improved rapidly during the last few decades. During the 1970s, technical advances in the employed match air rifles made the ISSF, known as the International Shooting Union or UIT (French:UnionInternationale deTir) back then, decide to significantly reduce the size of the 10-meter air rifletarget to its current dimensions.
Until 2013, the maximum achievable aggregate score (qualification + final) was 709 for men (600 + 109.0) and 509 for women (400 + 109.0). The score for the qualification used integers (10 as the highest score per shot), and the final stage included decimals (10.9 as the highest score per shot). No top competitor achieved an official perfect aggregate score under these rules.
Under rules introduced in 2013, finals became "start from zero", with qualification scores no longer carried forward, and the best eight competitors started all over again. In the 20-shot final, the highest achievable final score was 218.0 points. No competitor achieved an official perfect final score under these rules.
Rules introduced in 2018 ended the differences in competition format between male and female athletes. Also, the final was changed to 24 shots (5 shots + 5 shots + 14 shots elimination phase). In the final, the highest achievable final score is 261.6 points. Until 2020, no top competitor has achieved an official perfect final score under these rules. The current world record is 253.7 for men[1] and 252.9 for women.
The course of fire was an unlimited number of sighter shots followed by 60 competition shots for men or 40 competition shots for women, all fired within 75 minutes for men or 50 minutes for women. During this initial or qualification phase, a maximum of 10 points was awarded for each shot. Top competitors sometimes achieved maximum results (a "possible") for the initial or qualification phase (600 for men and 400 for women). Most of these full marks were achieved non-directlyISSF supervised international and national-level matches and championships, where official ISSF-recognized world records cannot be set.[2] This leads to many national records being equal to the world records.
The course of fire was 60 competition shots for men or 40 for women, and all fired within 75 minutes for men or 50 minutes for women. During this initial or qualification phase, a maximum of 10.9 points was awarded for each shot. The highest possible 60-shot score for men was 654.0 points, and for women, 436.0 points.
ISSF rules introduced in 2018 ended gender differences, expanding the 40-shot qualification phase for women to 60 shots and setting the highest possible 60-shot score at 654.0 points.
The top eight shooters from the qualification round moved on to a finals event consisting of 10 shots – each decimal scored to a maximum of 10.9 – with the cumulative score determining the winner (qualification + finals score). Every scoring ring is 5 mm wide and sub-divided in 0.5 mm (≈ 0.1719MOA) increments in 10 "subrings". Like the other scoring rings, the maximum of 10.9 is derived from an additional set of 10 "subrings" within the center 10-point circle, increasing in 0.1 point value as the rings approach the center of the target.
In November 2012, The ISSF announced other final rules.[3] This finals rules had the best eight shooters starting from zero, eliminating the qualification scores that used to be combined with the finals scores for competition results. The format consisted of 20 final shots scored in 0.1 point value as the rings approach the center of the target, setting the highest possible 20 shots score at 218.0 points.
Since 2018, the ISSF finals rules have ranked the eight best shooters, starting from zero and eliminating qualification scores. The format consists of 2 series of 5 shots each, to be fired within 250 seconds per series. This is followed by 14 single shots fired on command, with 50 seconds for each shot. Eliminations of the lowest-scoring finalists begin after the tenth shot (series + first 2 single shots) and continue after every two shots until the gold and silver medalists are decided. There is a total of 24 finals shots, setting the highest possible 24 shots score at 261.6 points. If there is a tie for the lowest-ranking athlete to be eliminated, the tied athletes will fire additional tie-breaking single shots until the tie is broken.
The occurrence of high scores in modern times is mainly due to the continuous development of precision match air rifles fromspring-piston type designs intosingle-stroke pneumatic and then regulatedpre-charged pneumatic (PCP) designs. Modern PCP match rifles featureregulated powerplants to minimize shot-to-shot variation in output pressure and resultingmuzzle velocity. Modern PCP rifles are practically recoilless and vibration-free. Mechanical and electronic match triggers offer low shot development time (at lowlock times, factors like the dwell time of the pellet in the barrel become influential). Weight and balance can be tailored via an adjustable stock and various accessories to the individual shooter's preferences, promoting comfortable and accurate shooting. ISSF rules mandate the use of non-magnifyingdiopter andglobe sights.
Combined with appropriate match pellets, these rifles produce a consistent 10-ring performance, so a sub-10.0 average result can be attributed to the participant, and at the 2019 top competition level, a 10.5 average result can be regarded as excellent.
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For the 10-meter air rifle and air pistol disciplines, match-gradediabolo pellets are used. These pellets arewadcutter, meaning the pellet head is nearly completely flat. This leaves smooth-edged round holes inpaper targets and allows easy gauging for scoring. Match pellets are offered in tins and more elaborate packaging, avoiding deformation and other damage that could impair their uniformity.
Match air rifle shooters are encouraged to perform shooting group tests with their gun clamped in a machine rest to establish which particular match pellet type performs best for their particular air gun.[4] To facilitate maximum performance out of various air guns the leading match pellet manufacturers produce pellets with graduated "head sizes", which means the pellets are offered with front diameters from 4.48 mm (0.176 in) up to 4.52 mm (0.178 in).
However at higher and top competitive levels, even these variations are thought too coarse-grained and match pellets arebatch-tested; that is, the specific gun is mounted in a machine rest test rig and pellets from a particular production run on a specific machine with the same ingredients fed into the process (abatch) are test-fired through the gun.[5] Many different batches will be tested in this manner, and the pellets which give the smallestconsistent group size without fliers (shots which fall outside of the main group) will be selected (small but inconsistent group sizes are not valuable for a top competitor); and the shooter will then purchase several tens of thousands of pellets from that batch. Group sizes of 4.5 mm (0.177 in) diameter are theoretically possible, but practically shot groups of 5.0 mm (0.197 in) are considered highly competitive.[6] Unbatched ammunition, especially if the air gun is not regularly cleaned, is generally thought to be capable of only 8.0 mm (0.315 in) diameter group sizes. Batch-testing match pellets for a particular gun is not considered worthwhile until the shooter reaches a high proficiency level (around the 95% level, i.e., 570 for the qualification round).
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| Year | Place | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 |  Changwon |  ChinaZhao Ruozhu Yang Haoran | China Wu Mingyang Song Buhan |  RussiaAnastasiia Galashina Vladimir Maslennikov |
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  West Germany | 14 | 6 | 9 | 29 |
| 2 | China | 10 | 13 | 3 | 26 |
| 3 |  United States | 8 | 13 | 5 | 26 |
| 4 |  Soviet Union | 7 | 12 | 10 | 29 |
| 5 |  France | 7 | 2 | 0 | 9 |
| 6 | Germany | 7 | 0 | 6 | 13 |
| 7 |  Bulgaria | 6 | 0 | 3 | 9 |
| 8 | Russia | 4 | 6 | 4 | 14 |
| 9 |  Hungary | 3 | 4 | 3 | 10 |
| 10 |  Norway | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 |
| 11 |  India | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
| 12 |  East Germany | 3 | 1 | 6 | 10 |
| 13 |  Switzerland | 2 | 6 | 0 | 8 |
| 14 | South Korea | 2 | 4 | 10 | 16 |
| 15 |  Italy | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 16 |  Yugoslavia | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 |
| 17 |  Poland | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 18 |  Czech Republic | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 19 |  Belarus | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 20 |  Finland | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Israel | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 22 |  Great Britain | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 23 |  Austria | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 24 |  Croatia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Slovakia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 26 |  Romania | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 27 |  Serbia | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 28 |  Japan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Kazakhstan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Spain | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Sweden | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (33 entries) | 87 | 87 | 87 | 261 | |
| Post 1 January 2013 world records in 10 metre air rifle | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Qualification | 633.5 | Péter Sidi (HUN) | May 25, 2013 | Munich(GER) | ||
| Final | 210.6 | Xuechao Qian (CHN) | May 21, 2016 | Munich(GER) | |||
| Women | Qualification | 422.9 | Chen Dongqi (CHN) | May 28, 2015 | Munich(GER) | ||
| Final | 211.0 | Yi Siling (CHN) | July 3, 2014 | Beijing(CHN) | |||
| Post 1 January 2013 Olympic records in 10 metre air rifle | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Qualification | 630.2 | Niccolò Campriani (ITA) | August 8, 2016 | Rio de Janeiro(BRA) | ||
| Final | 206.1 | Niccolò Campriani (ITA) | August 8, 2016 | Rio de Janeiro(BRA) | |||
| Women | Qualification | 420.7 | Du Li (CHN) | August 6, 2016 | Rio de Janeiro(BRA) | ||
| Final | 208.0 |  Virginia Thrasher (USA) | August 6, 2016 | Rio de Janeiro(BRA) | |||
| Current world records in 10 metre air rifle | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Qualification | 637.9 | Sheng Lihao (CHN) | May 12, 2023 | Baku(AZE) | ||||
| Final | 255.0 | Danilo Sollazzo (ITA) | September 11, 2025 | Ningbo(CHN) | edit | ||||
| Teams | 1893.7 | India (Patil,Tomar,Panwar) | September 25, 2023 | Hangzhou(CHN) | edit | ||||
| Junior Men | Qualification | 637.9 | Sheng Lihao (CHN) | May 12, 2023 | Baku(AZE) | ||||
| Final | 254.5 | Sheng Lihao (CHN) | June 3, 2024 | Munich(GER) | |||||
| Teams | 1886.9 | India (Dhanush,Makhija,Rajpreet Singh) | October 2, 2021 | Lima(PER) | |||||
| Women | Qualification | 637.9 | Wang Zifei (CHN) | June 10, 2025 | Munich(GER) | ||||
| Final | 254.8 | Wang Zifei (CHN) | April 19, 2025 | Lima(PER) | |||||
| Teams | 1898.4 | USA (Weisz,Maddalena,Tucker) | November 9, 2022 | Lima(PER) | |||||
| Junior Women | Qualification | 637.9 | Wang Zifei (CHN) | June 10, 2025 | Munich(GER) | ||||
| Final | 254.8 | Wang Zifei (CHN) | April 19, 2025 | Lima(PER) | |||||
| Teams | 1892.0 | China (Wang,Fan,Zhang) | July 18, 2023 | Changwon(KOR) | |||||
| Mixed Team | Qualification | 635.9 | Wang Zifei (CHN) Sheng Lihao (CHN) | June 14, 2025 | Munich(GER) | ||||
| Junior Mixed Team | Qualification | 635.9 | Wang Zifei (CHN) Sheng Lihao (CHN) | June 14, 2025 | Munich(GER) | ||||
| Current Olympic records in 10 metre air rifle | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Qualification | 632.7 | Yang Haoran (CHN) | July 25, 2021 | Tokyo(JPN) | ||
| Final | 251.6 | William Shaner (USA) | July 25, 2021 | Tokyo(JPN) | |||
| Women | Qualification | 632.9 | Jeanette Hegg Duestad (NOR) | July 24, 2021 | Tokyo(JPN) | ||
| Final | 251.8 | Yang Qian (CHN) | July 24, 2021 | Tokyo(JPN) | |||
