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ISO 3166-1 alpha-2codes are two-lettercountry codes defined inISO 3166-1, part of theISO 3166standard[1] published by theInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO), to representcountries,dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are the most widely used of the country codes published by ISO (the others beingalpha-3 andnumeric), and are used most prominently for theInternet'scountry code top-level domains (with a few exceptions). They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.
The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are used in different environments and are also part of other standards. In some cases they are not perfectly implemented.
The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are used in the following standards:
| Short name | Long name | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 3166-2 | Country subdivision code[1] | |
| ISO 3901 | International Standard Recording Code (ISRC)[2] | |
| ISO 4217 | Currency code[3] | |
| ISO 6166 | International Securities Identifying Number (ISIN)[4] | |
| ISO 9362 | Bank Identifier Codes (BIC) | Also known asSWIFT codes[5] |
| ISO 13616 | International Bank Account Number (IBAN)[6] | |
| ISO 15511 | International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations (ISIL) | |
| UN/LOCODE | United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations | Implemented by theUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe[7] |
Starting in 1985, ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes have been used in theDomain Name System ascountry code top-level domains (ccTLDs). TheInternet Assigned Numbers Authority currently assigns the ccTLDs mostly following the alpha-2 codes, but with a few exceptions.[8] For example, theUnited Kingdom, whose alpha-2 code isGB, uses.uk instead of.gb as its ccTLD, asUK is currentlyexceptionally reserved in ISO 3166-1 at the request of the United Kingdom.
TheWIPO coding standard ST.3 is based on ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes, but includes a number of additional codes for internationalintellectual property organizations, which are currentlyreserved and not used at the present stage in ISO 3166-1.[9]
TheEuropean Commission generally uses ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes with two exceptions:EL (notGR) is used to representGreece, andUK (notGB) is used to represent theUnited Kingdom.[10][11] This notwithstanding, theOfficial Journal of the European Communities specified thatGR andGB be used to represent Greece and United Kingdom respectively.[12] ForVAT administration purposes, theEuropean Commission usesEL andGB for Greece and the United Kingdom respectively.
TheUnited Nations uses a combination of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 andalpha-3 codes, along with codes that pre-date the creation of ISO 3166, forinternational vehicle registration codes, which are codes used to identify the issuing country of a vehicle registration plate; some of these codes are currentlyindeterminately reserved in ISO 3166-1.[13]
IETF language tags (conforming to the BCP 47 standard track and maintained in anIANA registry) are also partially derived from ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes (for the region subtags). The full list of ISO 3166-1 codes assigned to countries and territories are usable as region subtags. Also, the "exceptionally reserved" alpha-2 codes defined in ISO 3166-1 (with the exception ofUK) are also usable as region subtags for language tags. However, newer stability policies (agreed with ISO) have been implemented to avoid deleting subtags that have been withdrawn in ISO 3166-1; instead they are kept and aliased to the new preferred subtags, or kept as subtags grouping several countries. Some other region grouping subtags are derived from other standards. Under the newer stability policies, old assigned codes that have been withdrawn from ISO 3166-1 should no longer be reassigned to another country or territory (as has occurred in the past for "CS").
The following is a colour-coded decoding table of all 676 ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes.
| AA | AB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AQ | AR | AS | AT | AU | AV | AW | AX | AY | AZ |
| BA | BB | BC | BD | BE | BF | BG | BH | BI | BJ | BK | BL | BM | BN | BO | BP | BQ | BR | BS | BT | BU | BV | BW | BX | BY | BZ |
| CA | CB | CC | CD | CE | CF | CG | CH | CI | CJ | CK | CL | CM | CN | CO | CP | CQ | CR | CS | CT | CU | CV | CW | CX | CY | CZ |
| DA | DB | DC | DD | DE | DF | DG | DH | DI | DJ | DK | DL | DM | DN | DO | DP | DQ | DR | DS | DT | DU | DV | DW | DX | DY | DZ |
| EA | EB | EC | ED | EE | EF | EG | EH | EI | EJ | EK | EL | EM | EN | EO | EP | EQ | ER | ES | ET | EU | EV | EW | EX | EY | EZ |
| FA | FB | FC | FD | FE | FF | FG | FH | FI | FJ | FK | FL | FM | FN | FO | FP | FQ | FR | FS | FT | FU | FV | FW | FX | FY | FZ |
| GA | GB | GC | GD | GE | GF | GG | GH | GI | GJ | GK | GL | GM | GN | GO | GP | GQ | GR | GS | GT | GU | GV | GW | GX | GY | GZ |
| HA | HB | HC | HD | HE | HF | HG | HH | HI | HJ | HK | HL | HM | HN | HO | HP | HQ | HR | HS | HT | HU | HV | HW | HX | HY | HZ |
| IA | IB | IC | ID | IE | IF | IG | IH | II | IJ | IK | IL | IM | IN | IO | IP | IQ | IR | IS | IT | IU | IV | IW | IX | IY | IZ |
| JA | JB | JC | JD | JE | JF | JG | JH | JI | JJ | JK | JL | JM | JN | JO | JP | JQ | JR | JS | JT | JU | JV | JW | JX | JY | JZ |
| KA | KB | KC | KD | KE | KF | KG | KH | KI | KJ | KK | KL | KM | KN | KO | KP | KQ | KR | KS | KT | KU | KV | KW | KX | KY | KZ |
| LA | LB | LC | LD | LE | LF | LG | LH | LI | LJ | LK | LL | LM | LN | LO | LP | LQ | LR | LS | LT | LU | LV | LW | LX | LY | LZ |
| MA | MB | MC | MD | ME | MF | MG | MH | MI | MJ | MK | ML | MM | MN | MO | MP | MQ | MR | MS | MT | MU | MV | MW | MX | MY | MZ |
| NA | NB | NC | ND | NE | NF | NG | NH | NI | NJ | NK | NL | NM | NN | NO | NP | NQ | NR | NS | NT | NU | NV | NW | NX | NY | NZ |
| OA | OB | OC | OD | OE | OF | OG | OH | OI | OJ | OK | OL | OM | ON | OO | OP | OQ | OR | OS | OT | OU | OV | OW | OX | OY | OZ |
| PA | PB | PC | PD | PE | PF | PG | PH | PI | PJ | PK | PL | PM | PN | PO | PP | PQ | PR | PS | PT | PU | PV | PW | PX | PY | PZ |
| QA | QB | QC | QD | QE | QF | QG | QH | QI | QJ | QK | QL | QM | QN | QO | QP | QR | QS | QT | QU | QV | QW | QX | QY | QZ | |
| RA | RB | RC | RD | RE | RF | RG | RH | RI | RJ | RK | RL | RM | RN | RO | RP | RQ | RR | RS | RT | RU | RV | RW | RX | RY | RZ |
| SA | SB | SC | SD | SE | SF | SG | SH | SI | SJ | SK | SL | SM | SN | SO | SP | SQ | SR | SS | ST | SU | SV | SW | SX | SY | SZ |
| TA | TB | TC | TD | TE | TF | TG | TH | TI | TJ | TK | TL | TM | TN | TO | TP | TQ | TR | TS | TT | TU | TV | TW | TX | TY | TZ |
| UA | UB | UC | UD | UE | UF | UG | UH | UI | UJ | UK | UL | UM | UN | UO | UP | UQ | UR | US | UT | UU | UV | UW | UX | UY | UZ |
| VA | VB | VC | VD | VE | VF | VG | VH | VI | VJ | VK | VL | VM | VN | VO | VP | VQ | VR | VS | VT | VU | VV | VW | VX | VY | VZ |
| WA | WB | WC | WD | WE | WF | WG | WH | WI | WJ | WK | WL | WM | WN | WO | WP | WQ | WR | WS | WT | WU | WV | WW | WX | WY | WZ |
| XA | XB | XC | XD | XE | XF | XG | XH | XI | XJ | XK | XL | XM | XN | XO | XP | XQ | XR | XS | XT | XU | XV | XW | XX | XY | XZ |
| YA | YB | YC | YD | YE | YF | YG | YH | YI | YJ | YK | YL | YM | YN | YO | YP | YQ | YR | YS | YT | YU | YV | YW | YX | YY | YZ |
| ZA | ZB | ZC | ZD | ZE | ZF | ZG | ZH | ZI | ZJ | ZK | ZL | ZM | ZN | ZO | ZP | ZQ | ZR | ZS | ZT | ZU | ZV | ZW | ZX | ZY | ZZ |
| 242 | Officially assigned: assigned to a country, territory, or area of geographical interest |
| 7 | Officially assigned: formerly either assigned to a different entity or reserved indeterminately, then deleted and later reassignedas above |
| 43 | User-assigned: free for assignment at the disposal of users |
| 13 | Exceptionally reserved: reserved on request for restricted use |
| 30 | Indeterminately reserved: used in coding systems associated with ISO 3166-1 |
| 7 | Transitionally reserved: deleted from ISO 3166-1 but reserved transitionally |
| 14 | Deleted: deleted and free for reassignment |
| 320 | Unassigned: free for assignment by the ISO 3166/MA only |
The following is a complete list of the 249 current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes, with the following columns:[1]
| Code | Country name (usingtitle case) | Year | ccTLD | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD | Andorra | 1974 | .ad | |
| AE | United Arab Emirates | 1974 | .ae | |
| AF | Afghanistan | 1974 | .af | |
| AG | Antigua and Barbuda | 1974 | .ag | |
| AI | Anguilla | 1985 | .ai | AI previously representedFrench Afars and Issas |
| AL | Albania | 1974 | .al | |
| AM | Armenia | 1992 | .am | |
| AO | Angola | 1974 | .ao | |
| AQ | Antarctica | 1974 | .aq | Covers the territories south of60° south latitude Code taken from name inFrench:Antarctique |
| AR | Argentina | 1974 | .ar | |
| AS | American Samoa | 1974 | .as | |
| AT | Austria | 1974 | .at | |
| AU | Australia | 1974 | .au | Includes theAshmore and Cartier Islands and theCoral Sea Islands |
| AW | Aruba | 1986 | .aw | |
| AX | Åland Islands | 2004 | .ax | An autonomous county ofFinland |
| AZ | Azerbaijan | 1992 | .az | |
| BA | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1992 | .ba | |
| BB | Barbados | 1974 | .bb | |
| BD | Bangladesh | 1974 | .bd | |
| BE | Belgium | 1974 | .be | |
| BF | Burkina Faso | 1984 | .bf | Name changed fromUpper Volta (HV) |
| BG | Bulgaria | 1974 | .bg | |
| BH | Bahrain | 1974 | .bh | |
| BI | Burundi | 1974 | .bi | |
| BJ | Benin | 1977 | .bj | Name changed fromDahomey (DY) |
| BL | Saint Barthélemy | 2007 | .bl | |
| BM | Bermuda | 1974 | .bm | |
| BN | Brunei Darussalam | 1974 | .bn | Previous ISO country name:Brunei |
| BO | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 1974 | .bo | Previous ISO country name:Bolivia |
| BQ | Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba | 2010 | .bq | Consists of three Caribbean "special municipalities", which are part of theNetherlands proper:Bonaire,Sint Eustatius, andSaba (the BES Islands) Previous ISO country name:Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba BQ previously representedBritish Antarctic Territory |
| BR | Brazil | 1974 | .br | |
| BS | Bahamas | 1974 | .bs | |
| BT | Bhutan | 1974 | .bt | |
| BV | Bouvet Island | 1974 | .bv | Dependency of Norway |
| BW | Botswana | 1974 | .bw | |
| BY | Belarus | 1974 | .by | Code taken from previous ISO country name:Byelorussian SSR (now assignedISO 3166-3 codeBYAA) Code assigned as the country was already a UN member since 1945[14] |
| BZ | Belize | 1974 | .bz | |
| CA | Canada | 1974 | .ca | |
| CC | Cocos (Keeling) Islands | 1974 | .cc | External territory of Australia |
| CD | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1997 | .cd | Name changed fromZaire (ZR) |
| CF | Central African Republic | 1974 | .cf | |
| CG | Congo | 1974 | .cg | |
| CH | Switzerland | 1974 | .ch | Code taken from name inLatin:Confoederatio Helvetica |
| CI | Côte d'Ivoire | 1974 | .ci | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name:Ivory Coast) |
| CK | Cook Islands | 1974 | .ck | |
| CL | Chile | 1974 | .cl | |
| CM | Cameroon | 1974 | .cm | Previous ISO country name:Cameroon, United Republic of |
| CN | China | 1974 | .cn | |
| CO | Colombia | 1974 | .co | |
| CR | Costa Rica | 1974 | .cr | |
| CU | Cuba | 1974 | .cu | |
| CV | Cabo Verde | 1974 | .cv | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name:Cape Verde, another previous ISO country name:Cape Verde Islands) |
| CW | Curaçao | 2010 | .cw | |
| CX | Christmas Island | 1974 | .cx | External territory of Australia |
| CY | Cyprus | 1974 | .cy | |
| CZ | Czechia | 1993 | .cz | Previous ISO country name:Czech Republic |
| DE | Germany | 1974 | .de | Code taken from name inGerman:Deutschland Code used forWest Germany before 1990 (previous ISO country name:Germany, Federal Republic of) |
| DJ | Djibouti | 1977 | .dj | Name changed fromFrench Afars and Issas (AI) |
| DK | Denmark | 1974 | .dk | |
| DM | Dominica | 1974 | .dm | |
| DO | Dominican Republic | 1974 | .do | |
| DZ | Algeria | 1974 | .dz | Code taken from name inArabic الجزائرal-Djazā'ir,Algerian Arabic الدزايرal-Dzāyīr, orBerber ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔDzayer |
| EC | Ecuador | 1974 | .ec | |
| EE | Estonia | 1992 | .ee | Code taken from name inEstonian:Eesti |
| EG | Egypt | 1974 | .eg | |
| EH | Western Sahara | 1974 | .eh | Previous ISO country name:Spanish Sahara (code taken from name inSpanish:Sahara español) |
| ER | Eritrea | 1993 | .er | |
| ES | Spain | 1974 | .es | Code taken from name inSpanish:España |
| ET | Ethiopia | 1974 | .et | |
| FI | Finland | 1974 | .fi | |
| FJ | Fiji | 1974 | .fj | |
| FK | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | 1974 | .fk | ISO country name follows UN designation due to theFalkland Islands sovereignty dispute (local common name:Falkland Islands)[15] |
| FM | Micronesia, Federated States of | 1986 | .fm | Previous ISO country name:Micronesia |
| FO | Faroe Islands | 1974 | .fo | Code taken from name inFaroese:Føroyar |
| FR | France | 1974 | .fr | IncludesClipperton Island |
| GA | Gabon | 1974 | .ga | |
| GB | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 1974 | .gb (.uk) | IncludesAkrotiri and Dhekelia (Sovereign Base Areas) Code taken fromGreat Britain (from official name:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)[16] Previous ISO country name:United Kingdom .uk is the primary ccTLD of the United Kingdom instead of.gb[17] (see codeUK, which isexceptionally reserved) |
| GD | Grenada | 1974 | .gd | |
| GE | Georgia | 1992 | .ge | GE previously representedGilbert and Ellice Islands |
| GF | French Guiana | 1974 | .gf | Code taken from name inFrench:Guyane française |
| GG | Guernsey | 2006 | .gg | ABritishCrown Dependency |
| GH | Ghana | 1974 | .gh | |
| GI | Gibraltar | 1974 | .gi | |
| GL | Greenland | 1974 | .gl | |
| GM | Gambia | 1974 | .gm | |
| GN | Guinea | 1974 | .gn | |
| GP | Guadeloupe | 1974 | .gp | |
| GQ | Equatorial Guinea | 1974 | .gq | Code taken from name inFrench:Guinée équatoriale |
| GR | Greece | 1974 | .gr | |
| GS | South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | 1993 | .gs | |
| GT | Guatemala | 1974 | .gt | |
| GU | Guam | 1974 | .gu | |
| GW | Guinea-Bissau | 1974 | .gw | |
| GY | Guyana | 1974 | .gy | |
| HK | Hong Kong | 1974 | .hk | Hong Kong is officially a Special Administrative Region of thePeople's Republic of China (CN) since 1 July 1997 |
| HM | Heard Island and McDonald Islands | 1974 | .hm | External territory of Australia |
| HN | Honduras | 1974 | .hn | |
| HR | Croatia | 1992 | .hr | Code taken from name inCroatian:Hrvatska |
| HT | Haiti | 1974 | .ht | |
| HU | Hungary | 1974 | .hu | |
| ID | Indonesia | 1974 | .id | |
| IE | Ireland | 1974 | .ie | |
| IL | Israel | 1974 | .il | |
| IM | Isle of Man | 2006 | .im | ABritishCrown Dependency |
| IN | India | 1974 | .in | |
| IO | British Indian Ocean Territory | 1974 | .io | |
| IQ | Iraq | 1974 | .iq | |
| IR | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1974 | .ir | Previous ISO country name:Iran |
| IS | Iceland | 1974 | .is | Code taken from name inIcelandic:Ísland |
| IT | Italy | 1974 | .it | |
| JE | Jersey | 2006 | .je | ABritishCrown Dependency |
| JM | Jamaica | 1974 | .jm | |
| JO | Jordan | 1974 | .jo | |
| JP | Japan | 1974 | .jp | |
| KE | Kenya | 1974 | .ke | |
| KG | Kyrgyzstan | 1992 | .kg | |
| KH | Cambodia | 1974 | .kh | Code taken from former name:Khmer Republic Previous ISO country name:Kampuchea, Democratic |
| KI | Kiribati | 1979 | .ki | Name changed fromGilbert Islands (GE) |
| KM | Comoros | 1974 | .km | Code taken from name inComorian:Komori Previous ISO country name:Comoro Islands |
| KN | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1974 | .kn | Previous ISO country name:Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla |
| KP | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 1974 | .kp | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name:North Korea) |
| KR | Korea, Republic of | 1974 | .kr | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name:South Korea) |
| KW | Kuwait | 1974 | .kw | |
| KY | Cayman Islands | 1974 | .ky | |
| KZ | Kazakhstan | 1992 | .kz | Previous ISO country name:Kazakstan |
| LA | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 1974 | .la | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name:Laos) |
| LB | Lebanon | 1974 | .lb | |
| LC | Saint Lucia | 1974 | .lc | |
| LI | Liechtenstein | 1974 | .li | |
| LK | Sri Lanka | 1974 | .lk | |
| LR | Liberia | 1974 | .lr | |
| LS | Lesotho | 1974 | .ls | |
| LT | Lithuania | 1992 | .lt | LT formerly reserved indeterminately forLibya Tripoli |
| LU | Luxembourg | 1974 | .lu | |
| LV | Latvia | 1992 | .lv | |
| LY | Libya | 1974 | .ly | Previous ISO country name:Libyan Arab Jamahiriya |
| MA | Morocco | 1974 | .ma | Code taken from name inFrench:Maroc |
| MC | Monaco | 1974 | .mc | |
| MD | Moldova, Republic of | 1992 | .md | Previous ISO country name:Moldova (briefly from 2008 to 2009) |
| ME | Montenegro | 2006 | .me | ME formerly reserved indeterminately forWestern Sahara |
| MF | Saint Martin (French part) | 2007 | .mf | TheDutch part ofSaint Martin island is assigned codeSX |
| MG | Madagascar | 1974 | .mg | |
| MH | Marshall Islands | 1986 | .mh | |
| MK | North Macedonia | 1993 | .mk | Code taken from name inMacedonian:Makedonija Previous ISO country name:Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of (designated as such due toMacedonia naming dispute) |
| ML | Mali | 1974 | .ml | |
| MM | Myanmar | 1989 | .mm | Name changed fromBurma (BU) |
| MN | Mongolia | 1974 | .mn | |
| MO | Macao | 1974 | .mo | Previous ISO country name:Macau;Macao is officially a Special Administrative Region of thePeople's Republic of China since 20 December 1999 |
| MP | Northern Mariana Islands | 1986 | .mp | |
| MQ | Martinique | 1974 | .mq | |
| MR | Mauritania | 1974 | .mr | |
| MS | Montserrat | 1974 | .ms | |
| MT | Malta | 1974 | .mt | |
| MU | Mauritius | 1974 | .mu | |
| MV | Maldives | 1974 | .mv | |
| MW | Malawi | 1974 | .mw | |
| MX | Mexico | 1974 | .mx | |
| MY | Malaysia | 1974 | .my | |
| MZ | Mozambique | 1974 | .mz | |
| NA | Namibia | 1974 | .na | |
| NC | New Caledonia | 1974 | .nc | |
| NE | Niger | 1974 | .ne | |
| NF | Norfolk Island | 1974 | .nf | External territory of Australia |
| NG | Nigeria | 1974 | .ng | |
| NI | Nicaragua | 1974 | .ni | |
| NL | Netherlands, Kingdom of the | 1974 | .nl | Officially includes the islands Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba, which also have codeBQ in ISO 3166-1. Within ISO 3166-2, Aruba (AW), Curaçao (CW), and Sint Maarten (SX) are also coded as subdivisions of NL.[18] Previous ISO country name:Netherlands |
| NO | Norway | 1974 | .no | |
| NP | Nepal | 1974 | .np | |
| NR | Nauru | 1974 | .nr | |
| NU | Niue | 1974 | .nu | Previous ISO country name:Niue Island |
| NZ | New Zealand | 1974 | .nz | |
| OM | Oman | 1974 | .om | |
| PA | Panama | 1974 | .pa | |
| PE | Peru | 1974 | .pe | |
| PF | French Polynesia | 1974 | .pf | Code taken from name inFrench:Polynésie française |
| PG | Papua New Guinea | 1974 | .pg | |
| PH | Philippines | 1974 | .ph | |
| PK | Pakistan | 1974 | .pk | |
| PL | Poland | 1974 | .pl | |
| PM | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 1974 | .pm | |
| PN | Pitcairn | 1974 | .pn | Previous ISO country name:Pitcairn Islands |
| PR | Puerto Rico | 1974 | .pr | |
| PS | Palestine, State of | 1999 | .ps | Previous ISO country name:Palestinian Territory, Occupied Consists of theWest Bank and theGaza Strip |
| PT | Portugal | 1974 | .pt | |
| PW | Palau | 1986 | .pw | |
| PY | Paraguay | 1974 | .py | |
| QA | Qatar | 1974 | .qa | |
| RE | Réunion | 1974 | .re | |
| RO | Romania | 1974 | .ro | |
| RS | Serbia | 2006 | .rs | Republic of Serbia |
| RU | Russian Federation | 1992 | .ru | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name:Russia); RU formerly reserved indeterminately forBurundi |
| RW | Rwanda | 1974 | .rw | |
| SA | Saudi Arabia | 1974 | .sa | |
| SB | Solomon Islands | 1974 | .sb | Code taken from former name:British Solomon Islands |
| SC | Seychelles | 1974 | .sc | |
| SD | Sudan | 1974 | .sd | |
| SE | Sweden | 1974 | .se | |
| SG | Singapore | 1974 | .sg | |
| SH | Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 1974 | .sh | Previous ISO country name:Saint Helena. |
| SI | Slovenia | 1992 | .si | |
| SJ | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | 1974 | .sj | Previous ISO name:Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Consists of two Arctic territories of Norway:Svalbard andJan Mayen |
| SK | Slovakia | 1993 | .sk | SK previously represented theKingdom of Sikkim |
| SL | Sierra Leone | 1974 | .sl | |
| SM | San Marino | 1974 | .sm | |
| SN | Senegal | 1974 | .sn | |
| SO | Somalia | 1974 | .so | |
| SR | Suriname | 1974 | .sr | Previous ISO country name:Surinam |
| SS | South Sudan | 2011 | .ss | |
| ST | Sao Tome and Principe | 1974 | .st | |
| SV | El Salvador | 1974 | .sv | |
| SX | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 2010 | .sx | TheFrench part ofSaint Martin island is assigned codeMF |
| SY | Syrian Arab Republic | 1974 | .sy | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name:Syria) |
| SZ | Eswatini | 1974 | .sz | Previous ISO country name:Swaziland |
| TC | Turks and Caicos Islands | 1974 | .tc | |
| TD | Chad | 1974 | .td | Code taken from name inFrench:Tchad |
| TF | French Southern Territories | 1979 | .tf | Covers the French Southern and Antarctic Lands exceptAdélie Land Code taken from name inFrench:Terres australes françaises |
| TG | Togo | 1974 | .tg | |
| TH | Thailand | 1974 | .th | |
| TJ | Tajikistan | 1992 | .tj | |
| TK | Tokelau | 1974 | .tk | Previous ISO country name:Tokelau Islands |
| TL | Timor-Leste | 2002 | .tl | Name changed fromEast Timor (TP) |
| TM | Turkmenistan | 1992 | .tm | |
| TN | Tunisia | 1974 | .tn | |
| TO | Tonga | 1974 | .to | |
| TR | Türkiye | 1974 | .tr | Previous ISO country name:Turkey |
| TT | Trinidad and Tobago | 1974 | .tt | |
| TV | Tuvalu | 1977 | .tv | |
| TW | Taiwan, Province of China | 1974 | .tw | Covers the current jurisdiction of theRepublic of China ISO country name followsUN designation (due topolitical status of Taiwan within the UN)[16] (common name:Taiwan) |
| TZ | Tanzania, United Republic of | 1974 | .tz | |
| UA | Ukraine | 1974 | .ua | Previous ISO country name:Ukrainian SSR Code assigned as the country was already a UN member since 1945[14] |
| UG | Uganda | 1974 | .ug | |
| UM | United States Minor Outlying Islands | 1986 | .um | Consists of nine minor insular areas of the United States:Baker Island,Howland Island,Jarvis Island,Johnston Atoll,Kingman Reef,Midway Islands,Navassa Island,Palmyra Atoll, andWake Island .um ccTLD was revoked in 2007[19] TheUnited States Department of State uses the following user assigned alpha-2 codes for the nine territories, respectively, XB, XH, XQ, XU, XM, QM, XV, XL and QW.[20] |
| US | United States of America | 1974 | .us | Previous ISO country name:United States |
| UY | Uruguay | 1974 | .uy | |
| UZ | Uzbekistan | 1992 | .uz | |
| VA | Holy See | 1974 | .va | Covers Vatican City, territory of theHoly See Previous ISO country names:Vatican City State (Holy See) andHoly See (Vatican City State) |
| VC | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1974 | .vc | |
| VE | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1974 | .ve | Previous ISO country name:Venezuela |
| VG | Virgin Islands (British) | 1974 | .vg | |
| VI | Virgin Islands (U.S.) | 1974 | .vi | |
| VN | Viet Nam | 1974 | .vn | ISO country name follows UN designation (common name:Vietnam) Code used forRepublic of Viet Nam (common name:South Vietnam) before 1977 |
| VU | Vanuatu | 1980 | .vu | Name changed fromNew Hebrides (NH) |
| WF | Wallis and Futuna | 1974 | .wf | Previous ISO country name:Wallis and Futuna Islands |
| WS | Samoa | 1974 | .ws | Code taken from former name:Western Samoa |
| YE | Yemen | 1974 | .ye | Previous ISO country name:Yemen, Republic of (for three years after the unification) Code used forNorth Yemen before 1990 |
| YT | Mayotte | 1993[21] | .yt | |
| ZA | South Africa | 1974 | .za | Code taken from name inDutch:Zuid-Afrika |
| ZM | Zambia | 1974 | .zm | |
| ZW | Zimbabwe | 1980 | .zw | Name changed fromSouthern Rhodesia (RH) |
User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries, territories, or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1, and the ISO 3166/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard. The following alpha-2 codes can be user-assigned:AA,QM toQZ,XA toXZ, andZZ.[22] For example:
Furthermore, the code elementOO is designated as anescape code if the number of regular user-assigned code elements is not sufficient.[33]
Reserved code elements are codes which have become obsolete, or are required in order to enable a particular user application of the standard but do not qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1. To avoid transitional application problems and to aid users who require specific additional code elements for the functioning of their coding systems, the ISO 3166/MA, when justified, reserves these codes which it undertakes not to use for other than specified purposes during a limited or indeterminate period of time.
The reserved alpha-2 codes are divided into the following three categories:exceptional reservations,transitional reservations, andindeterminate reservations.[22]
Exceptionally reserved code elements are codes reserved at the request of national ISO member bodies, governments and international organizations, which are required in order to support a particular application, as specified by the requesting body and limited to such use; any further use of such code elements is subject to approval by the ISO 3166/MA. The following alpha-2 codes are currently exceptionally reserved:
| Code | Area name or country name | Current actual country | ccTLD | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC | Ascension Island | United Kingdom | .ac | Reserved on request ofUPU for stamp issuing area |
| CP | Clipperton Island | France | — | Reserved on request ofITU for location of certain telecommunications installations |
| CQ | Island of Sark | United Kingdom | — | Reserved on request of the United Kingdom. Letters are derived from French nameSercq. |
| DG | Diego Garcia | United Kingdom | — | Reserved on request ofITU for location of certain telecommunications installations |
| EA | Ceuta,Melilla | Spain | — | Part ofSpanish North Africa (Spanish:África Septentrional Española) Reserved on request ofWCO forEurasian Patent Organization[note 1] |
| EU | European Union | multiple | .eu | Reserved on request ofISO 4217/MA for the European monetary unitEuro Extended forISO 6166 "Securities –International securities identification numbering system (ISIN)" in March 1998 Extended for any application needing to represent the name European Union in August 1999 |
| EZ | Eurozone | multiple | — | Reserved on request ofISO 6166/RA for the EuropeanOTC derivatives withinInternational securities identification numbering system (ISIN) |
| FX | France, Metropolitan | France | — | Reserved on request ofFrance Officially assigned before deleted from ISO 3166-1 (now assignedISO 3166-3 codeFXFR) |
| IC | Canary Islands | Spain | — | Reserved on request ofWCO forarea not covered by European Union Customs arrangements. Code taken from name inSpanish:Islas Canarias |
| SU | USSR | multiple | .su | Reserved on request of the Foundation for Internet Development from June 2008; Transitionally reserved from September 1992 Officially assigned before deleted from ISO 3166-1 (now assignedISO 3166-3 codeSUHH) Official name and previous ISO country name:[34]Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (common name:Soviet Union) |
| TA | Tristan da Cunha | United Kingdom | — | Reserved on request ofUPU for stamp issuing area |
| UK | United Kingdom | United Kingdom | .uk | Reserved on request of the United Kingdom lestUK be used for any other country Also used by theEuropean Commission United Kingdom is officially assigned the alpha-2 codeGB |
| UN | United Nations | multiple | — | Reserved directly byISO 3166/MA for theUnited Nations |
The following alpha-2 codes were previously exceptionally reserved, but are now officially assigned:
| Code | Area name or country name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| AX | Åland Islands | Reserved on request ofFinland |
| GG | Guernsey | Reserved on request ofUPU for stamp issuing area |
| IM | Isle of Man | Reserved on request ofUPU for stamp issuing area |
| JE | Jersey | Reserved on request ofUPU for stamp issuing area |
Transitional reserved code elements are codes reserved after their deletion from ISO 3166-1. These codes may be used only during a transitional period of at least five years while new code elements that may have replaced them are taken into use. These codes may be reassigned by the ISO 3166/MA after the expiration of the transitional period. The following alpha-2 codes are currently transitionally reserved:
| Code | Formerly used country name | Reserved from | Reserved to | ccTLD | ISO 3166-3 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AN | Netherlands Antilles | 2010-12 | 2060-12 | .an | ANHH | Divided intoBQ (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba),CW (Curaçao) andSX (Dutch part ofSint Maarten) |
| BU | Burma | 1989-12 | 2039-12 | — | BUMM | Name changed toMyanmar (MM) |
| CS | OriginallyCzechoslovakia, laterSerbia and Montenegro | 2006-09 | 2056-09 | — | CSHH CSXX | Code taken from name inSerbian:Srbija i Crna Gora, forSerbia and Montenegro, which however is now divided intoMontenegro (ME) andSerbia (RS). (Though reserved, the ccTLD.cs was never actually assigned to Serbia and Montenegro; the ccTLD of Serbia and Montenegro was.yu, as that formerly unified country's name, and that of its larger predecessor, had previously beenYugoslavia.) CS originally representedCzechoslovakia. Its successor state Czechia usesCZ, and SlovakiaSK. |
| NT | Neutral Zone | 1993-07 | 2043-07 | — | NTHH | Divided between Iraq (IQ) and Saudi Arabia (SA) |
| TP | East Timor | 2002-05 | 2052-05 | .tp | TPTL | Code taken from previous ISO country name:Portuguese Timor, name changed toTimor-Leste (TL) |
| YU | Yugoslavia | 2003-07 | 2053-07 | — | YUCS | Code used for theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia before 1992 and theFederal Republic of Yugoslavia after 1992 |
| ZR | Zaire | 1997-07 | 2047-07 | — | ZRCD | Name changed toCongo, the Democratic Republic of the (CD) ccTLD.zr has been deleted[35] |
The following alpha-2 code was previously transitionally reserved, but was later reassigned to another country as its official code:
| Code | Formerly used country name | Date of reservation | ccTLD | ISO 3166-3 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS | Czechoslovakia | 1993-06 | — | CSHH | Code reassigned toSerbia and Montenegro ccTLD.cs has been deleted |
For each deleted alpha-2 code, an entry for the corresponding former country name is included inISO 3166-3. Each entry is assigned a four-letter alphabetic code, where the first two letters are the deleted alpha-2 code.
Indeterminately reserved code elements are reserved for use in a particular way, usually due to their presence in other coding systems. For example, several codes are reserved because they are used for internationalintellectual property organizations inWIPO Standard ST.3. The following alpha-2 codes are currently indeterminately reserved:
The following alpha-2 codes were previously indeterminately reserved, but have been reassigned to another country as its official code:
| Code | Area name or country name | Current code | Notes | Code reassigned to |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LT | Libya Tripoli | [note 4] | Lithuania | |
| ME | Western Sahara | EH | [note 4] | Montenegro |
| RU | Burundi | BI | [note 4] | Russian Federation |
Besides the codes currentlytransitionally reserved and two other codes currentlyexceptionally reserved (FX forFrance, Metropolitan andSU forUSSR), the following alpha-2 codes have also been deleted from ISO 3166-1:[37]
For each deleted alpha-2 code, an entry for the corresponding former country name is included inISO 3166-3. Each entry is assigned a four-letter alphabetic code, where the first two letters are the deleted alpha-2 code.
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