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ISO 31-1[1] is the part ofinternational standardISO 31 that defines names and symbols forquantities andunits related tospace andtime. It was superseded in 2006 byISO 80000-3 and again in 2019 byISO 80000-3:2019.
Its definitions include:
| Quantity | Unit | Remarks | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Symbol | Name | Symbol | Definition | |
| angle, (plane angle) | α, β, γ, θ, φ | radian | rad | 1 rad = 1 m⁄m = 1 | |
| degree | ° | 1° =π⁄180 rad | There is no space between the number and these superscript-style unit symbols. Decimal subdivision of degrees is preferable (i.e., 12.5° instead of 12°30′) | ||
| minute | ′ | 1′ = (1⁄60)° | |||
| second | ″ | 1″ = (1⁄60)′ | |||
| solid angle | Ω | steradian | sr | 1 sr = 1 m2⁄m2 = 1 | |
| length | l, L | metre | m | The metre is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of1⁄299 792 458 of a second; seespeed of light | |
| breadth | b | ||||
| height | h | ||||
| thickness | d, δ | ||||
| radius | r, R | ||||
| diameter | d, D | ||||
| length of path,(linear) displacement vector | s,s | ||||
| distance | d, r | ||||
| cartesian coordinates | x, y, z | ||||
| radius of curvature | ϱ | ||||
| curvature | ϰ | reciprocal metre | m−1 | ||
| area | A | square metre | m2 | The unitsare (1 a = 100 m2) andhectare (1 ha = 100 a) are used for agrarian areas. | |
| volume | V | cubic metre | m3 | ||
| litre | L, l | 1 L = 1 dm3 | The capital L is preferred as the small l can be indistinguishable from the number 1 in some fonts. | ||
| time,time interval,duration | t | second | s | The second is the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the twohyperfine levels of theground state of thecaesium-133 atom | Representations of time of day are defined inISO 8601. |
| minute | min | 1 min = 60 s | |||
| hour | h | 1 h = 60 min = 3 600 s | |||
| day | d | 1 d = 24 h = 1 440 min = 86 400 s | |||
| angular velocity | ω | radian per second | rad⁄s | ω=dφ⁄dt | |
| angular acceleration | α | radian per second squared | rad⁄s2 | α=dω⁄dt | |
| velocity | v (general symbol), v (velocity vector), c (propagation speed of waves), u,v,w (components of a velocityc) | metre per second | m⁄s | ||
| kilometre per hour | km⁄h | ||||
| acceleration, acceleration vector | a,a | metre per second squared | m⁄s2 | 1 g = 9.80665 m⁄s2 | |
| acceleration of free fall,acceleration due to gravity | g | ||||
Annex A of ISO 31-1 lists units of space and time based on thefoot,pound, andsecond.
Annex B lists some other non-SI units of space and time, namely thegon,light year,astronomical unit,parsec,tropical year, andgal.
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