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IQ
IQ playing their "traditional" Christmas gig on 10 December 2019. L-R: Paul Cook Mike Holmes, Peter Nicholls, Neil Durant, and Tim Esau.
Background information
Origin	Southampton, England
Genres	Neo-prog[1]
Years active	1981 (1981)–present
Labels	The Major Record Company The Classic One Shoe Record Label MSI Sahara Samurai Squawk Vertigo Mercury Giant Electric Pea SPV Inside Out
Members	Mike Holmes Peter Nicholls Tim Esau Paul Cook Neil Durant
Past members	Martin Orford John Jowitt Andy Edwards Mark Westworth Les Marshall Paul Menel Mark Ridout
Website	www.iq-hq.co.uk

IQ are a Britishneo-prog band founded by Mike Holmes andMartin Orford in 1981^[2] following the dissolution of their original bandThe Lens.

Although the band have never enjoyed major commercial success and had several lineup changes, IQ have built up a loyal following over the years and are still active as of 2024, currently with the original recording line-up (with the exception of Orford).

In 2021/22, IQ performed a series of concerts in the UK and Europe celebrating their 40th anniversary.

IQ were one of a number of British bands formed during the early 1980s, includingMarillion,Pendragon,Twelfth Night,Pallas andSolstice, that continued with the progressive rock style forsaken by 1970s bands such asGenesis andYes. The music press have subsequently coined the phraseneo-progressive to describe these bands (although this term was never used contemporaneously with the movement as described in Martin Orford's essay referenced below), often accusing them of simply copying the styles of other bands. This accusation has been strenuously denied by Martin Orford, who is against the use of the term "neo progressive"^[3] and claims the band have wide-ranging and eclectic selection of musical influences.^[4] Paul Stump'sHistory of Progressive Rock, while affirming the band's categorization as neo-progressive, argued that IQ "did at least offer a more individual palette which, while just as derivative [as Marillion] in its way, gave the impression that the choice of arrangements was indivisible from the choice of notes played - that the similarities with older bands aroseaccidentally from their own personal approach to music." [emphasis in original]^[5]

From 1982, the line-up consisted ofPeter Nicholls (vocals), Mike Holmes (guitar), Martin Orford (keyboards), Paul Cook (not to be confused with theSex Pistols'drummer of the same name) (drums), and Tim Esau (bass).^[6] Nicholls left in July 1985 to form a new band, Niadem's Ghost, and was replaced by Paul (P. L.) Menel, but subsequently returned in 1990. Nicholls also created the cover art for most of the albums on which he appears. In early 2005, member Paul Cook left the band and was replaced on drums byAndy Edwards (exRobert Plant drummer). On 20 July 2007, Martin Orford announced that he was leaving IQ and he was replaced by Mark Westworth from prog-rock band Darwin's Radio. As of late 2009, Paul Cook has returned to replace Andy Edwards. On 7 October 2010, Mark Westworth announced on the band's official web site that he would be leaving the band and his final appearance with IQ was on 11 December 2010. On 1 January 2011, the band announced that Westworth's replacement on keyboards would be Neil Durant, from instrumental prog-fusion band Sphere³. On 7 January 2011, bassist of 19 years John Jowitt announced on the band's website that he had left the band, and that his last appearance with the band had also been the concert on 11 December 2010.^[7] He was replaced by original bassist Tim Esau in January 2011.

The band's musical style, especially earlier in their career, was reminiscent ofPeter Gabriel andSteve Hackett eraGenesis because of singer Peter Nicholls' vocal and stage-presence similarities to Gabriel and keyboardist Martin Orford's grandiose keyboarding. However, guitarist Mike Holmes' role was far more assertive in the band, giving them a harder edge musically. After Nicholls' departure, the band's style became increasingly commercial and radio-friendly — albeit without much success — onNomzamo (1987) andAre You Sitting Comfortably? (1989), although each album still featured some progressive rock-style tracks. Beginning with the return of Nicholls on 1993'sEver, the band returned to its prog rock roots, with longer tracks featuring intricate arrangements and complex musicianship.

Current members

• Mike Holmes –guitars,keyboards(1981–present), backing vocals(2011–present)
• Tim Esau –bass guitar, bass pedals(1981–1989, 2011–present), backing vocals(2011–present)
• Peter Nicholls –lead and backing vocals(1982–1985, 1989–present)
• Paul Cook – drums(1982–2005, 2009–present)
• Neil Durant – keyboards(2011–present)

Former members

• Martin Orford – keyboards, backing and occasional lead vocals and flute(1981–2007)
• Mark Ridout – drums(1981–1982; died 2018)
• Paul Menel – vocals(1985–1989)
• Les 'Ledge' Marshall – bass guitar(1989–1990; his death)
• John Jowitt – bass guitar, backing vocals(1990–2010)
• Andy Edwards – drums(2005–2009)
• Mark Westworth – keyboards(2007–2010)

N.B.bold = lineup change;* = returning band member

• Official IQ web site
• The Museum of the band IQ
• Collection of IQ MIDI files (archived)
• IQ discography atDiscogs

• English progressive rock groups
• Musical groups established in 1981
• Musical groups from Southampton
• Vertigo Records artists
• Mercury Records artists
• Inside Out Music artists
• Neo-progressive rock groups

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