Hyundai Motor Company, often referred to asHyundai Motors (Korean: 현대자동차) and commonly known asHyundai (현대;[ˈhjəːndɛ][b]; 'modernity'), is a South Koreanmultinationalautomotive manufacturer headquartered inSeoul, South Korea, which was founded in 1967. Currently, the company owns 33.88 percent ofKia Corporation,[6] and owns a luxury cars subsidiary,Genesis.[7] The three brands altogether make up theHyundai Motor Group.
Hyundai operates the second largest automobile manufacturing facility in the world inUlsan, South Korea which has an annual production capacity of 1.6 million units.[8] The company employs approximately 75,000 people worldwide. Hyundai vehicles are sold in 193 countries through 5,000dealerships andshowrooms.[9] As of November 2024, Hyundai is the world'sthird-largest carmaker in terms of production, behind competitorsToyota andVolkswagen.[10][11]
Chung Ju-yung (1915–2001) founded theHyundai Engineering and Construction Company in 1947. Hyundai Motor Company was founded in 1967 with his brotherChung Se-yung.[12] and the company's first model, theCortina, was released in cooperation withFord Motor Company in 1968.[13] When Hyundai wanted to develop their own car, they hiredGeorge Turnbull in February 1974, the former managing director of Austin Morris atBritish Leyland. He in turn hired five other top British car engineers. They were body designer Kenneth Barnett, engineers John Simpson and Edward Chapman,John Crosthwaite, formerly ofBRM, as chassis engineer and Peter Slater as chief development engineer.[14][15][16][17] In 1975, thePony, the first South Korean car, was released, with styling by Giorgio Giugiaro ofItaldesign and powertrain technology provided by Japan'sMitsubishi Motors. Exports began in the following year to Ecuador and soon thereafter to theBenelux countries. Hyundai entered the British market in 1982, selling 2993 cars in their first year there.[18]
In 1984, Hyundai began exporting thePony to Canada, but not to the United States, as the Pony would not pass emissions standards there. Canadian sales greatly exceeded expectations, and it was at one point the top-selling car on the Canadian market. In 1985, the one millionth Hyundai car was built.[19] Until the 1986 introduction of the largerHyundai Grandeur, Hyundai offered a locally assembledFord Granada for the South Korean executive market. The import of these knocked down kits was permitted as long as Hyundai exported five cars for every single Granada brought in (the same demands were placed onKia).[20]
In 1986, Hyundai began to sell cars in the United States, and theExcel was nominated as "Best Product #10" byFortune magazine, largely because of its affordability. The company began to produce models with its own technology in 1988, beginning with the midsizeSonata. In the spring of 1990, aggregate production of Hyundai automobiles reached the four million mark.[19] In 1991, the company succeeded in developing its first proprietary gasoline engine, the four-cylinderAlpha, and also its own transmission, thus paving the way for technological independence.
In 1998, after a shake-up in the South Korean auto industry caused by overambitious expansion and theAsian financial crisis, Hyundai acquired the majority of rival Kia Motors.[22]
In 1998, Hyundai began to overhaul its image in an attempt to establish itself as a world-class brand. Chung Ju-yung transferred leadership of Hyundai Motor to his son,Chung Mong-koo, in 1999.[23] Hyundai's parent company,Hyundai Motor Group, invested heavily in the quality, design, manufacturing, and long-term research of its vehicles. It added a 10-year or 100,000-mile (160,000 km) warranty to cars sold in the United States and launched an aggressive marketing campaign.
In 2004, Hyundai was ranked second in "initial quality" in a survey/study byJ.D. Power and Associates in North America.[24][25] Hyundai is now one of the top 100 most valuable brands worldwide according to Interbrand.[26] Since 2002, Hyundai has also been one of the worldwide official sponsors of theFIFA World Cup.
The world's largest automobile manufacturing plant inUlsan, South Korea, produces over 1.6 million vehicles annually.
In 2004, Hyundai Motor Company had $57.2 billion in sales in South Korea making it the country's second largest corporation, orchaebol, afterSamsung. Worldwide sales in 2005 reached 2,533,695 units, an 11 percent increase over the previous year.
In 2006, the South Korean government initiated an investigation ofChung Mong-koo's practices as head of Hyundai, suspecting him ofcorruption. On 28 April 2006, Chung was arrested, and charged forembezzlement of 100 billionSouth Korean won (US$106 million).[27] As a result, Hyundai vice chairman and CEO, Kim Dong-jin, replaced him as head of the company.
In 2011, Hyundai sold 4.05 million cars worldwide and the Hyundai Motor Group was the world's fourth largest automaker behindGM,Volkswagen andToyota.[28][29]
On 30 September 2011, Yang Seung-suk announced his retirement as CEO of Hyundai Motor Co. In the interim replacement period, Chung Mong-koo and Kim Eok-jo divided the duties of the CEO position.[30]
In 2014, Hyundai started an initiative to focus on improvingvehicle dynamics in its vehicles and hired Albert Biermann, former Vice President of Engineering atBMW M, to direct chassis development for Hyundai vehicles, stating: "The company intends to become a technical leader in ride and handling, producing vehicles that lead their respective segments for driver engagement."[31]
On 14 October 2020,Euisun Chung was inaugurated as the new chairman of the Hyundai Motor Group. His father, Chung Mong-koo, has been made Honorary Chairman.[32]
In April 2021, the company said that its profits rose by 187%, the highest rise in four years. The company recorded a profit of $1.16 billion from the beginning of 2021 until March.[33]
In October 2024, Hyundai Motor said it had signed a 610-gigawatt-hour (GWh) power purchase agreement (PPA) with SK E&S and other partners, the latest in its renewable energy transition efforts.[34]
In November 2024, the company announced that itsGlobal Chief Operating Officer, Jose Munoz will hold the new role of globalco-CEO beginning 1 January 2025.[35] Munoz will be the first foreigner to hold such a high executive post in a giant South Korean conglomerate. The promotion is said to be credited to Munoz's resilience and strategies in pushing for record sales in the North America region.[11]
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Hyundai Le Fil Rouge concept car
In 2006, Hyundai hired Thomas Bürkle as head of the company's design center inRüsselsheim, Germany. Bürkle had previously worked forBMW, having designed theBMW 3 Series (E46), and theBMW 6 Series (E63).[36][37] Hyundai's current design philosophy is known asFluidic Sculpture,[38] which is heavily inspired by nature.[39]
In 2018, the company announced theSensuous Sportiness next-generation design direction. The design philosophy was unveiled at the 2018Geneva Motor Show demonstrated by the Le Fil Rouge concept car, and has been rolled out into their recent models, ranging from sedans to SUVs. The front grille was first introduced with the 2022 NX4 Generation Tucson.[40] TheSensuous Sportiness design identity and strategy has won Design Management Institute's (DMI) Design Value Award 2020.[41]
Hyundai has six research and development centers, located in South Korea (three offices), Germany, Japan and India. Additionally, a center inCalifornia develops designs for the United States.[42]
Hyundai established the Hyundai Design Center inFountain Valley, California in 1990. The center moved to a new $30 million facility inIrvine, California in 2003, and was renamed the Hyundai Kia Motors Design and Technical Center. The facility also housed Hyundai America Technical Center, Inc, a subsidiary responsible for all engineering activities in the U.S. for Hyundai. Hyundai America Technical Center moved to its new 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m2), $117 million headquarters inSuperior Township, Michigan (nearAnn Arbor) in 2005.[43]
In 2004, Hyundai America Technical Center completed construction of its Hyundai/Kia proving ground inCalifornia City, California. The 4,300-acre (17 km2) facility is located in theMojave Desert and features a 6.4-mile (10.3 km) oval track,[8] a Vehicle Dynamics Area, a vehicle-handling course inside the oval track, a paved hill road, and several special surface roads. A 30,000-square-foot (2,800 m2) complex featuring offices and indoor testing areas is located on the premises as well. The facility was built at a cost of $50 million.
In the 2021 review ofWIPO's annualWorld Intellectual Property Indicators Hyundai ranked as 4th in the world for its 141 industrial design registrations being published under theHague System during 2020.[44] This position is up on their previous 7th-place ranking for 57 industrial design registrations being published in 2019.[45]
Hyundai has invested in manufacturing plants in North America, India, the Czech Republic, Russia, China and Turkey as well asresearch and development centers in Europe, Asia, North America and thePacific Rim.
Hyundai Motor America began selling cars in the United States on 20 February 1986, with a single model, theHyundai Excel. That year, Hyundai set a record of selling the most automobiles in its first year of business in the United States compared to any other car brand; total sales in 1986 were 168,882.[47]
Initially well received, the Excel's faults soon became apparent; cost-cutting measures caused reliability to suffer. With an increasingly poor reputation for quality, Hyundai sales plummeted, and many dealerships either earned their profits on repairs or abandoned the product. At one point, Hyundai became the butt of many jokes (i.e. Hyundai stands for "Hope you understand nothing's driveable and inexpensive").[48]
In response, Hyundai began investing heavily in the quality, design, manufacturing, and long-term research of its vehicles. The company added free maintenance for the first 2 years or 24,000 miles for all its new cars sold, starting with the 1992 model year. It also added a 10-year or 100,000-mile (160,000 km) powertrain warranty (known as the Hyundai Advantage) to its vehicles sold in the United States.[49]
Hyundai incorporated a new manufacturing facility,Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama, in April 2002. The new plant inMontgomery, Alabama, was completed during 2004, at a cost of $1.7 billion. Production started in May 2005. It employed more than 3,000 workers in 2012.[50]
By 2004, sales had dramatically increased, and the reputation of Hyundai cars improved. In 2004, Hyundai tied with Honda for initial brand quality in a survey/study fromJ.D. Power and Associates, for having 102 problems per 1000 vehicles. This made Hyundai second in the industry, only behindToyota, for initial vehicle quality. The company continued this tradition by placing third overall inJ.D. Power's 2006 Initial Quality Survey, behind onlyPorsche andLexus.[51]
The Hyundai Motor Company established Supernal, anurban air mobility (UAM) subsidiary, in the United States in 2020.[56][57] The name means "Best Quality" and "Heavenly".[58] On 8 November 2023, Hyundai announced plans to build a plant in the US to produce flying taxis.[59] As of February 2025, a full-scale technology demonstrator was undergoing ground testing.[60]
The prototype uses wingtip tilting rotors and four propellers fixed on booms that connect the wing to a "Bronco tail"—named after theRockwell OV-10 Bronco tail. In 2023, Supernal established its headquarters inWashington D.C.,[61] its research and development facility is inFremont, California,[62] and its engineering headquarters is inIrvine, California.[63][64]
In 1989, Hyundai Auto Canada Inc. opened a stamping and assembly plant inBromont, Quebec, employing 800. The plant cost $387.7 million, with Quebec and Canadian federal government subsidies of $131 million.[65] The plant was designed to manufacture approximately 2000Hyundai Sonatas per week.[65] Subsequently,Chrysler and Hyundai considered a joint venture that would have Chrysler rebranding the Sonata manufactured at Bromont – only to later announce the deal had failed.[66] The Bromont plant was operational for four years before it closed – with Hyundai's sales unable to support the plant. With boost in sales in 2009, Hyundai Auto Canada Inc. is currently planning to build a new plant in Canada and resume production in Canada.[67] Hyundai subsequently sold the plant,[67] which was eventually purchased by Olymbec inc, a Quebec real estate developer. Hyundai is the No. 1 import car brand in Canada without a local plant. Sales over 100,000 cars-per-year mark in 2012.[68]
Hyundai Motor Mexico entered the Mexican market in 2014 with the imported vehicles such asGrand i10, theElantra, and theix35.[69] Soon afterwards, theHyundai Sonata joined the lineup. Prior to the introduction of the Hyundai brand for non-commercial vehicles, Hyundai passenger vehicles, light-duty cargo vans, and passenger vans were distributed by Chrysler de México, branded asDodge.[70][71]
Hyundai HB20, the first model exclusively introduced for the Brazilian market. 'HB' in HB20 stands for Hyundai Brasil.[72]
In October 2012, Hyundai launched a new small bi-fuel car, theHB20, designed specifically for the Brazilian mass-market. The car was developed under the "Projeto HB" (Hyundai Brazil) project, and is built at a new Hyundai factory in Brazil, located inPiracicaba,São Paulo.[73] The plant is the first wholly owned Hyundai plant in Latin America. With an investment of around R$1.2 billion, the plant has the capacity to produce 180,000 cars per year under three shifts.
Hyundai vehicles have also been produced in Brazil by local partner,Caoa Group at a plant located inAnápolis,Goiás. Production here started with theHR model in 2007, and continued with theTucson in 2010, the HD78 truck in 2011, and theix35 in 2013.[74]
Hyundai formed a 50-50 joint venture withBeijing Automotive Group since 2002 to produce cars in China.[75] The joint venture is called Beijing Hyundai, which also manufactures several models which are exclusive to the Chinese market.[76] It began operations in China by producing Sonata in December 2002.[77] The joint venture sold 700,000 passenger cars in 2010, 855,995 car sales in 2012, and 2014 saw the company sell 1,120,000 vehicles.[78][79][80] At its peak, the company had five plants: three located in Beijing, one in Hubei, and one in Chongqing.[81][82]
Hyundai cars sold well in China until 2016, when sales fell by half because of their over-reliance on sedans, poor brand images and local Chinese automakers compete with price-competitive SUVs.[83] It marked the start of a slump that continued into 2019, when the company announced plans to cut jobs in the region.[84]
In October 2010, Hyundai signed an agreement with Sichuan Nanjun Automobile on setting up a commercial vehicle joint venture called Sichuan Hyundai Motor Co. Ltd.[92]
Hyundai's manufacturing plant at Irungattukottai near Chennai, India
Hyundai Motor India Limited (HMIL) was formed on 6 May 1996. During the entry of Hyundai in 1996, fellow South KoreanDaewoo had entered the Indian automobile market just three years before, whileFord,Opel andHonda had entered less than a year back. Hyundai's first car in the country, theHyundai Santro was launched on 23 September 1998 and was considered a success. It became the second best-selling car in the country from 2000.[93]
Hyundai has two manufacturing plants in India located at Sriperumbudur in the Indian state ofTamil Nadu. Both plants have a combined annual capacity of 600,000 units. In the year 2007, Hyundai opened its R&D facility inHyderabad, employing now nearly 450 engineers from different parts of the country. Hyundai Motor India Engineering (HMIE) gives technical & engineering support in vehicle development to Hyundai's main R&D centre in Namyang, Korea. Hyundai is currently the second largest auto exporter from India.[94][95] It is making India the global manufacturing base for small cars.[96]
A stamp released to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hyundai in India
In June 2017, TheCompetition Commission of India imposed ₹87 crore ($13.6 million) penalty for unfair business practices with respect to providing discounts for cars.[97]
Bangladesh
Hyundai vehicles are assembled in Bangladesh with local partner, Fair Technology. Its manufacturing plant in Bangabandhu Hi-Tech Park was opened on 19 January 2023. The current focus is on importingcompletely knocked down (CKD) parts and assembling those in the facility. The plant is expected to manufacture 10,000 cars per year.[98]
Hyundai Customer Experience Center inYokohama, Japan
Hyundai started to market its vehicles in 2001.[99] Despite having growing sales worldwide, Hyundai struggled in Japan, having sold only 15,095 passenger cars from 2001 to 2009.[100][101] Following an announcement in November 2009, Hyundai pulled their passenger car division out of the Japanese market and focused on their commercial vehicle division instead.[100]
According to the newspaperThe Chosun Ilbo, the reason for Hyundai's failure in the car market was due to the company's inability to recognize the value of small cars due to parking spaces. For instance, actorBae Yong-joon was hired to endorse the mid-sizedSonata in Japan to appeal to housewives who watched the dramaWinter Sonata. The marketing campaign backfired, as large sedans are driven primarily by middle-aged men, while housewives prefer compact cars.[citation needed] In addition, the Sonata was priced too similarly to its Japanese rivals, which resulted in poor sales.[102][101] The company said that it is possible for them to come back to Japan fully if market conditions continue to improve.[103]
On 9 February 2022, Hyundai announced a comeback to Japan by marketing eco-friendly vehicles like the Ioniq 5 and Nexo with pre-orders from May 2022 for delivery beginning in July 2022 under the company nameHyundai Mobility Japan.[104] As of 2022, Hyundai Mobility Japan operates an office and R&D center in Yokohoma.[105] In addition, they only operate their sales through online means only.[99]
Hyundai first entered the Philippine market with theHyundai Excel compact car and theHyundai Grace van in the early 1990s, later introducing theHyundai Starex and the second generationHyundai Elantra towards the end of the decade. Hyundai Asia Resources, Inc. (HARI) was the distributor of Hyundai passenger cars and currently the official distributor of Hyundai commercial vehicles in the country.[106] The company was appointed by Hyundai Motor Company of South Korea in August 2001 as the official distributor of Hyundai vehicles in the Philippines. In early 2022, Hyundai Motor Philippines, Inc. (HMPH) became the official distributor of Hyundai passenger cars in the country after the company took over its passenger car operations from HARI,[107] It started their operations on 1 June 2022.[108]
In November 2019, Hyundai announced that it is building the first wholly ownedSoutheast Asian car plant located inIndonesia.[109] Known asHyundai Motor Manufacturing Indonesia (HMMI), it is built in Cikarang, Bekasi and will fully operate in the second half of 2021 with the annual capacity of 150,000 vehicles.[110] Half of the output would be exported to the neighbouring countries inSoutheast Asia.[111] A total of US$1.55 billion (Rp 21.7 trillion) would be invested to the plant along with the future product developments until 2030.[112] HMMI would produce a region-specificcompact MPV among other models.
In Vietnam, Hyundai operates as a joint venture with Thanh Cong Group, establishing Hyundai Thanh Cong Vietnam (HTV).[113][114][115] According to the data of the Vietnam Association of Automobile Manufacturers (VAMA), Hyundai was the best-selling car brand in Vietnam in 2023 with 67,450 vehicles sold,[116] followed by Toyota with 57,414 vehicles,[117] and Kia with 40,773 vehicles.[118]
In September 1997, Hyundai opened a manufacturing plant in Turkey, located inİzmit, Kocaeli Province. The facility, named Hyundai Assan Otomotiv, was built as a 50-50% joint venture between the Hyundai Motor Company and the Kibar Holding of Turkey, the first stage investment raising to US$180 million.[119] It currently has an annual production capacity of 125,000 units and it manufactured theAccent, theH-100, theStarex, theMatrix and since 2010, thei20.[120] In May 2013, Hyundai Turkey Izmit plant capacity was increased to up to 200,000 units with 470 million Euro investment. The i10 and i20 were started to be produced in the plant.[121]
In November 2024, it was reported that Hyundai Motor will be investing RM2.16 billion to set up a manufacturing plant inKulim,Kedah. It is the largest investment by the South Korean automakers in the country to date. The plant is anticipated to produce 7 models within the space of 5 years and is scheduled to open for business in 2025.[122]
Hyundai has been operating an R&D centre inFrankfurt, Germany since 1994,[123] that has been responsible for monitoring technology developments in Europe and designing and engineering new cars for the European market.[124] In September 2003, the company opened its new European headquarters inRüsselsheim, after an investment worth 50 million euro.[125] The site became the new location for the R&D centre and for the world rally team of the company.[126]
In November 2008, Hyundai opened its European plant inNošovice, Czech Republic, following an investment of over 1 billion euros and over two years of construction.[127][128] The plant, which mainly manufactures thei30,ix20,ix35 for the European market, has an annual capacity of 300,000 cars.[129] The new Hyundai plant is 90 kilometres north of Kia Motors'Žilina Plant in Slovakia.[130]
In June 2008, Hyundai started the construction of a new manufacturing plant in Saint Petersburg with a planned yearly capacity of 100,000 cars,[134] that will eventually be increased to 200,000 units.[135] It started mass production in January 2011,[135] with two models: theHyundai Solaris and theKia Rio.[136]
In September 2021, Hyundai Wia division opened a car engine manufacturing plant in Saint Petersburg, the biggest in Russia and the fifth in the world. The new plant is designed to produce about 330.000 engines for Hyundai Solaris and Creta as well as for Kia Rio by the end of the year 2021. The construction of the plant began in December 2019.[137] In 2022, the company's revenue amounted to 112 billion rubles.[138]
In January 2024 Hyundai sold its two plants in Russia, enabling the company to exit the Russian market at a cost of $214.7 million.[139]
InBotswana, the assembly of Hyundai Accent, Sonata, and Elantra models was undertaken by theMotor Company of Botswana at their Gaborone plant, since February 1993, in the form of complete knock-down kits. Almost all of the finished vehicles were exported across Botswana's border toSouth Africa, where the vast majority of dealerships are situated.
Hyundai cars are also manufactured inEgypt, the local manufacturer is theGhabbour Group, which is located inCairo. They have a big model range and offers sports models of some car models which are only offered on the Egypt market. Formerly, the company had assembled vehicles such as theVerna.
Its top-selling sedan, according to the company's sales data in 2021 was theElantra (Avante in South Korea), which recorded 380,907 units. This model was produced in several plants, including in South Korea, United States, China, among others. Another popular sedan model is theAccent/Verna, which is popular in emerging markets including China, India, Middle East, as well as developed markets like North America. This model ceased to be produced in South Korea in 2019, as its production base were moved to Mexico and India.[140]
Some hatchback models developed by Hyundai have been divided into models developed to cater to the Indian market and the European market. Both thei10 andi20 are models built in India and Europe, with several changes between the Indian and European versions to ensure the model could fit according to each market. Other hatchback models include the entry-levelSantro first introduced in 1998 for the Indian market,i30C-segment car for developed markets, theHB20 for the Brazilian market, and the hatchback version of Accent for markets outside India and Europe.
TheTucson is currently the best-selling Hyundai vehicle.
Hyundai entered thecrossover SUV market early with theSanta Fe in 2000, followed by the smallerTucson in 2004. The Santa Fe was a huge hit with American and European markets, despite receiving criticism in the past for Hyundai's obscure looks. It quickly became Hyundai's best seller and was one of the reasons Hyundai survived despite having their sales declined.[141] As of 2020, Hyundai has sold more than 5,260,000 units of Santa Fe globally.[142]
The first-generation Tucson shared its Elantra-based platform with theKia Sportage. In most countries apart from South Korea and the United States, the Tucson was retired for the Hyundai ix35 from 2009 to 2015. However, the Tucson name was restored for the third generation, where it was to be used across all markets. It was unveiled at the Geneva Motor Show in 2015.[141] The Tucson is the fourth best-selling SUV in the world in 2020, with a total sales of 451,703 units, below the Toyota RAV4, Honda CR-V, and Volkswagen Tiguan.[143][144]
By mid-2010s, Hyundai moved into developing smaller crossover SUV models, starting from theCreta (ix25 in China) from 2014, and theKona in 2017. The Kona is also consisted of a hybrid electric and a pure battery electric variant. By 2019, both model became the third and fourth-best selling vehicle of the brand, while the Creta has been the best-selling SUV in Russia since 2016,[145][146][147] and India in 2020.[148] In 2021, Hyundai released its first crossover SUV model in the South Korean light car segment, theCasper. It is the first venture of the brand in the segment in 15 years, and also the smallest automobile the brand produces of any kind.[149]
Currently, Hyundai produces 12 crossover SUV models for different markets.
This article needs to beupdated. The reason given is: this section did not include newer hybrid models. Please help update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information.(November 2020)
Hyundai Motor Company began developingflexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs) in 1988. The test vehicle was 1991 MYScoupe FFV.[150] Since March 1992, in Seoul, Korea, through at least November 1993, field trials of several FFVs had been performed over more than 30,000 miles.[150]
The newhybrid-electric FGV-1 was unveiled at theSeoul Motor Show in 1995 which featured full-time electric drive technology.[151] The 1995 FGV-1 was the result of Hyundai's first experiments with hybrid propulsion systems in 1994. The FGV-2 was the second vehicle to be produced. The company is using the "parallel" type design, which utilizes either theinternal combustion engine or the electric motor.[151] Others are theElantra HEV and theHyundai Accent HEV, which were unveiled in 1999 and 2000, respectively.[151]
The firstpure electric car developed by Hyundai was the Sonata Electric Vehicle in 1991. The car started as aSonata sedan-based model.[152] Hyundai planned to have six electric vehicles available for testing by the end of 1992.[153]
Hyundai began mass-producing hybrid electric vehicles in 2008. The company is using Hybrid Blue Drive, which includes lithium polymer batteries, as opposed tolithium-ion.[154][155][156] The new hybrid Sonata made its debut at theLos Angeles International Auto Show in November 2008.[157] The 2011 Sonata Hybrid sales in the U.S. began in February 2011.
In 2009, Hyundai released theAvante LPI Hybrid in the South Korean domestic market in July.[158] Hyundai showcased also theHyundai BlueOn, an electric prototype ofi10, was first unveiled at theFrankfurt Motor Show in 2009. At the 2010Geneva Motor Show, Hyundai unveiled the i-flow, a concept car using a variant of the BLUE-WILL hybrid system.[159]
As of March 2014[update], cumulative global sales of hybrid models totaled 200,000 units, including both Hyundai Motors and Kia Motors hybrid models.[160]
In 2016, Hyundai revealed the Ioniq five-door liftback to rival the Toyota Prius. The nameplateIoniq is aportmanteau ofion andunique.[161] It is the first automobile to be offered inhybrid,plug-in hybrid, andall-electric variants with no "standard"internal combustion engine only version.[162][163][164] The hybrid variant launched in its home market in February 2016, followed by the electric model in July 2016.[163][165] The plug-in hybrid version followed in February 2017.[166]
In August 2020, the company announced the launch ofIoniq as its own new electric brand and confirmed three new electric cars that will be sold under the sub-brand. Ioniq is Hyundai's second stand-alone brand after the Genesis. The new brand is going to utilise Hyundai'sElectric Global Modular Platform (E-GMP), which they claims will enable "fast charging capability and plentiful driving range."[167] The automaker said the first of the three new global models will be the Ioniq 5, a midsize crossover, arriving in early 2021. It will be followed by the Ioniq 6 sedan in late 2022, and then by the Ioniq 7, a large SUV, in early 2024. New models will be named numerically, with even numbers for sedans, and odd numbers for SUVs.[168]
In December 2020, Hyundai Motor Group announced details about itsE-GMP platform that will be the underpinning of new Hyundai and Kia electric vehicles starting in 2021. Apart from Hyundai, Ioniq, and Kia brands, it will also be used for future Genesis electric cars.[169] The platform's main components is a battery pack under the cabin and an all-in-one motor, transmission, and inverter designed and developed by Hyundai. By bundling the components, Hyundai said, it raised the maximum speed of the motor by up to 70 percent compared to existing motors, despite its small size. The company claimed that it is capable to handle power output up to 600 hp (608 PS; 447 kW) from the system.[170]
In February 2020, Hyundai launched its first vehicle built above the E-GMP platform, theIoniq 5. It is the first product to be marketed under theIoniq sub-brand.[171] At its introduction, it is the most advanced electric vehicle produced by Hyundai. Its battery can be charged from 10 to 80 percent in 18 minutes with its 800 V charging capabilities by using a 350-kW charger. A five minutes charge will add 100 km (62 mi) to its range byWLTP standards.[172] Its claimed maximum range is 480 km (298 mi) for the rear-wheel-drive 72.6 kWh variant.[173]
In July 2022, Hyundai announced its new automotive factory in South Korea, solely dedicated for electric vehicles and with production set to begin in 2025. It will be the first Hyundai plant to open in South Korea since 1996.[174]
Hyundai is currently expanding its full-electric lineup by adding the Ioniq 6 to its lineup, which debuted in Europe in the second half of 2022, and in the United States in spring of 2023. Hyundai is also expanding its full-electric lineup with the Ioniq 7, which is projected to hit the market in 2024.[174]
In March 2018, Hyundai launched ahydrogen poweredcrossover SUV theNexo.[175] In October 2020, South Korean domestic sales of the Nexo exceeded 10,000 vehicles.[176] As of July 2020, Hyundai had exported only 769 vehicles to the United States and Europe with supply limited due to domestic demand.[177][178]
In 2020, Hyundai launched a hydrogen powered version of itsXcienttruck the Xcient Fuel Cell delivering seven vehicles to customers in Switzerland.[179] The Xcient Fuel Cell is the world's first production hydrogen fuel cell truck.[179][180] In 2019, Hyundai formed Hyundai Hydrogen Mobility (HHM) together with Swiss company H2 Energy to lease trucks to Swiss customers with plans to deliver 50 trucks by 2020.[179] Hyundai chose to launch in Switzerland as its road tax does not apply to zero-emission trucks and for its ability to produce hydrogen usinghydropower.[179] HHM formed a partnership with Hydrospider, a joint venture of H2Energy,Alpiq andLinde to produce hydrogen and to build hydrogen refuelling infrastructure in Switzerland.[181] The 34-ton Xcient Fuel Cell has a 190kWfuel cell supported by a 73 kW battery pack that stores energy from the fuel cell and frombraking, seven hydrogen tanks, a maximum speed of 85 km/h (53 mph), a driving range of about 400 kilometres (250 mi) and a refueling time of between 8 and 20 minutes.[180]
In 2020, Hyundai launched a hydrogen powered version of itsElec City bus the Elec City FCEV that has a capacity of 44 passengers with 24 seats and 20 standing seats.[176][182] The bus has a 180kWfuel cell supported by a 156 kW battery pack, five hydrogen tanks, a driving range of 434 kilometres (270 mi) and a refuelling time of 15 minutes.[182][183] In 2020, Hyundai exported two buses toSaudi Arabian oil companySaudi Aramco for demonstration.[184]
In December 2021, Hyundai suspended development of its Genesis, and possibly its other, hydrogen cars.[185]
Under the Truck & Bus division, Hyundai produces severalheavy trucks and buses. The company started selling trucks in 1969 with the D-750/800, followed by the R-182 as their first bus in 1970.[187]
A joint venture called the Daimler-Hyundai Truck Corporation was established between Hyundai andDaimler AG[188] in 2000 to produce high-tech middle-range trucks and buses in the Korean market beginning in 2004.[189] However, after numerous delays and disputes,[190] the planned venture was cancelled in 2004, with DaimlerChrysler selling its 10.65 percent stake in Hyundai Motor.[191]
In 2000, the company established a strategic alliance withDaimlerChrysler and severed its partnership with theHyundai Group. In 2001, theDaimler-Hyundai Truck Corporation was formed. In 2004, however, DaimlerChrysler divested its interest in the company by selling its 10.5% stake for $900 million.
In February 2021,CNBC reported thatApple and Hyundai-Kia were close to finalizing a deal to buildan autonomous Apple car. The vehicle was said to be completely designed by Apple and would be built in Hyundai or Kia plants; it could potentially have gone into production in 2024.[192] However, Hyundai announced shortly after that it was no longer in talks with Apple.[193][194]
For the2002 season, Hyundai hired the four-timeworld championJuha Kankkunen, along withFreddy Loix andArmin Schwarz. Kankkunen's fifth place in New Zealand was the team's best result, but they managed to edge outŠkoda and Mitsubishi by one point in the battle for fourth place in themanufacturers' world championship. In September 2003, after a season hampered by budget constraints, Hyundai announced withdrawal from the WRC and planned to return in 2006, which did not happen.[197]
In 2006, following the announcement that Korea was scheduled to earn aFormula One Grand Prix, Hyundai planned to enter the sport.[198] TheKorean Grand Prix was first held in 2010, but Hyundai have not entered the championship. Hyundai announced they would be revealing their future rally plans at the 2011 Chicago Auto Show, on 9 February.[199] The current plans for rallying are focused around the newest Hyundai release, theVeloster.[200]
In 2008, Hyundai Motors established a committee to oversee itsCorporate Social Responsibility programme.[205] Among the programme's initiatives have been the "Happy Move Global Youth Volunteers Program".[206]
The Hyundai Motors' India Foundation (HMIF) has invested more than 20 millionrupees in variouscorporate social responsibility programmes in India. In 2011, it started the "Go Green" village adoption project inTamil Nadu. Its aim was to promote environmentally friendly products, increase the forest cover in Tamil Nadu, and improve living and hygiene conditions in the region's villages. A number of schools have been adopted for improvement with the HMIF donating around 450 benches to government schools and drilling 10bore wells.[207]
In 2020, Hyundai Motors signed a contract with UN Development Programme and launched a campaign 'for Tomorrow' in 2021 to create and realize a solution for problems that global society faces. In 2022, the documentary film 'for Tomorrow' was released which contains the main story of the 'for Tomorrow' project.[208]
After an investigation in 2012, theEPA found that 35% of all 2011–2013 Hyundai andKia vehicles had inflated fuel economy numbers; by as much as six miles per gallon. Currently, Hyundai and Kia have started a reimbursement program for the owners of the 2011–2013 affected vehicles.[225][226][227] In 2014 the company was issued $350 million in penalties by the US government, agreed to pay $395 million in 2013 to resolve claims from vehicles owners, and agreed to pay $41.2 million to cover the "investigative costs" of 33 US state attorneys general.[228]
Several consumers complained that the engine delivered with the Hyundai Veloster in Brazil was inferior to the one advertised.[229] Independent tests confirmed that it was not the same engine, and it delivered only 121 CV (119 hp) instead of the advertised 140 CV (140 hp), with the car earning derogatory nicknames like Slowster in the Brazilian market.[230]
In April 2013, Hyundai Motors UK released a commercial depicting a man attempting tocommit suicide via carbon monoxide poisoning in an ix35, only to fail to do so because of the vehicle's non-toxic emissions. The advert, produced by Hyundai's in-house agency Innocean Worldwide, received widespread criticism for promoting suicide.[231] Hyundai has since taken down the video and issued a formal apology.[231][232]
Since October 2022, following aTikTok trend, Hyundai vehicles especially in North America are highly targeted fortheft due to their weaker security systems. Hyundai vehicles manufactured from 2016 to 2021 for the U.S. market that are not equipped with optionalkey fob and apush-button start mechanism lackimmobilizers, a system that prevent the engine from being started unless a proper key is inserted. A video posted onTikTok depicted the theft process, which involves inserting aUSB connector on a naked key slot and successfully starts a car.[233] The vulnerability also affects vehicles produced by sister company Kia.
Hyundai and Kia acknowledged the vulnerability. Hyundai introduced a free anti-theft software patch starting February 14, 2023, with all eligible vehicles patched by June 23, 2023.[233] Models that cannot be upgraded will havesteering wheel lock reimbursements.[234] Both companies also agreed to pay about $200 million to settle a U.S.class-action lawsuit, including up to $145 million for car owners' out-of-pocket losses. The settlement, announced on May 18, 2023, was rejected by a federal judge.[235]
In 2022, Hyundai and itsparts suppliers in the U.S. were discovered to be illegally employingchild labor, primarily involvingrefugees fromCentral America.[237][238] This issue involved parts suppliers, including Hyundai subsidiariesHyundai Glovis and SMART, SL, Hwashin, and AJIN, many of which used temporary work agencies to recruit underage workers. These suppliers hired minors, some as young as 12, to operate heavy machinery, in direct violation of child labor laws. Following aReuters report in July 2022, investigations confirmed these illegal practices, leading to fines and sanctions against several suppliers.[239] In response to the scandal, Hyundai announced plans to divest its controlling stake in SMART.[240]
The closest English pronunciation to the original Korean would be/ˈhjʌndɛ/HYUN-deh, but the final vowel ischecked and cannot occur word-final in English.
^Kim, Linsu (1998). "Crisis Construction and Organizational Learning: Capability Building in Catching-up at Hyundai Motor".Organization Science.9 (4):506–521.CiteSeerX10.1.1.137.2033.doi:10.1287/orsc.9.4.506.
^"Annual Report 2003"(PDF). Hyundai Motor Company. 26 June 2004. p. 29.Archived(PDF) from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved7 April 2013.As part of the reorganization, the company will establish a new World Rally Team Headquarters at the Design and Technical Centre in Russelsheim, Germany
^ab"Модельный ряд" [Model line-up]. TagAZ.Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved14 April 2013.
^ab"Hyundai Truck & Bus Newsletter"(PDF). Hyundai Motor Company. 17 March 2006. p. 11.Archived(PDF) from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved14 April 2013.RZGA is an affiliate of TAGAZ, a Russian automobile company that has assembled CKD kits of HMC's passenger cars since 2001.
^"Global Production Systems"(PDF). Hyundai Motor Company. 29 June 2012. p. 39.Archived(PDF) from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved14 April 2013.
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