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Hungary–Spain relations are thebilateral relations betweenHungary and theKingdom of Spain. Both nations are members of theCouncil of Europe,European Union,NATO,OECD and theUnited Nations.
Historically, Hungary (as part of theAustro-Hungarian Empire) and Spain were both ruled by theHouse of Habsburg for a few centuries. As such, both empires were allies in several wars such as theThirty Years' War and theOttoman–Habsburg wars. In October 1918, theKingdom of Hungary became independent after theDissolution of Austria-Hungary.
During theSpanish Civil War, over 1,000 Hungarian volunteers fought for theRepublican faction. The Hungarian volunteers had their own battalion known as theRakosi Battalion.[1] In February 1938 Hungary, led byMiklós Horthy, officially recognized the government ofFrancisco Franco.[2]
In 1945, soon after the endWorld War II, Spain broke diplomatic relations with Hungary after that nation became a communist country. In January 1977, both nations re-established diplomatic relations.[3]
As of 2021, bilateral relations between Hungary and Spain were good on a political level. At the time there was no known dispute between the two countries.[4] In 2017, both nations celebrated 40 years of diplomatic relations.[5]
In August 2024 the Spanish government blocked a €600mn bid from Hungarian consortiumGanz-Mavag, a consortium backed by an investment arm of the Hungarian state and byViktor Orban, for a Spanish trainmaker namedTalgo over national security concerns.[6][7] 45% of the consortium owned by Corvinus, a Hungarian state-owned development finance institution, and the balance "by Hungarian trainmakerMagyar-Vagon, which is controlled by a private equity fund owned by an executive named Csaba Törő and managed through a subsidiary by Hungarian oil companyMol. Hungarian state-ownedEximbank, one of the main overseas financing tools for the Hungarian government, agreed to provide a €345mn loan to Ganz-Mavag, equalling more than half of the offer price."[6] Spain'sNational Intelligence Center and theDepartment of National Security wrote negative reports toMinister of TransportÓscar Puente.[7] "Talgo has developed a proprietary variable-gauge vehicle system that allows its high speed trains to automatically adapt to railway tracks with different gauges, permitting for quick cross-border travel. There are concerns that if Ganz-Mávag were to acquire Talgo, its designs could be shared with Moscow."[7]
Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as:[5]
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