In early 1979, Comorian authorities arrested some 300 supporters of the Soilih's regime and imprisoned them withouttrial inMoroni. Four of Soilih's former ministers also disappeared. For the next two years, there were further arrests, shootings, and disappearances. Under pressure fromFrance, some trials were held but many Comorians remained political prisoners, despite protests fromAmnesty International and other humanitarian organizations. The Abdallah regime also restricted freedom of speech, press, association, citizens' rights to change their government, women's rights, and workers' rights. After Abdallah's death on November 27, 1989, the country's human rights record improved. The European mercenaries who ruled the island ordered only a few arrests and released nearly all political prisoners who had been detained after the 1985 and 1987 coup attempts.
This trend continued until March 1990, whenDjohar became president of Comoros. Opposition to his regime resulted in questionable human rights practices. For example, after an unsuccessful August 18–19, 1990coup attempt, the authorities detained twenty-four people without trial in connection with the uprising. In October 1990, the security forces killedMax Veillard, the leader of the conspirators. The following year, after efforts to remove him from the presidency for negligence failed, Djohar ordered the arrest of several Supreme Court judges and declared a state of emergency. Another failed coup attempt on September 26, 1992, prompted the authorities to detain more than twenty people, including former Minister of InteriorOmar Tamou. Police held these detainees incommunicado and reportedlytortured some of them. The Comorian Human Rights Association also accused the Djohar regime of extrajudicially executing individuals suspected of supporting armed opposition groups. By late 1993, groups such as Amnesty International continued to monitor the human rights situation in Comoros, and to speak out against the Djohar regime.
The following chart shows Comoros's ratings since 1975 in theFreedom in the World reports, published annually byFreedom House. A rating of 1 is "free"; 7, "not free".[1]1
1.^ Note that the "Year" signifies the "Year covered". Therefore the information for the year marked 2008 is from the report published in 2009, and so on.
2.^ As of 6 July (Independence Day) in 1975; 1 January thereafter.
3.^ The 1982 report covers the year 1981 and the first half of 1982, and the following 1984 report covers the second half of 1982 and the whole of 1983. In the interest of simplicity, these two aberrant "year and a half" reports have been split into three year-long reports through interpolation.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain. Country Studies.Federal Research Division.[1] or[2]