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Hubert Lagardelle | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1874-07-08)8 July 1874 |
| Died | 20 September 1958(1958-09-20) (aged 84) Paris |
| Occupation(s) | Political theorist,politician |
Hubert Lagardelle (French pronunciation:[ybɛʁlaɡaʁdɛl]; 8 July 1874 – 20 September 1958) was a pioneer of French revolutionarysyndicalism. He regularly authored reviews for thePlans magazine, was co-founder of the journalPrélude, andMinister of Labour in theVichy regime.
Finishing his studies inLaw with a thesis on trade unions, Hubert Lagardelle began his career in journalism by founding the Toulouse Marxist journal Socialist Youth (1895). In 1896, he became a member of theFrench Workers' Party (Marxist) ofJules Guesde. In 1899, he founded theLe Mouvement socialiste, a theoretical journal ofsocialism and syndicalism which remains a benchmark in the history ofFrench socialism. Lagardelle took influence from the theories ofProudhon,Marx andGeorges Sorel. As a socialist activist, he attended meetings of theGeneral Confederation of Labour (CGT) and was a contributor to the development of the revolutionary syndicalist movement in the years 1904–1908.
In 1910, disappointed with the evolution of the CGT, Lagardelle retired toToulouse where he became responsible for the local chamber of commerce. Like many other contemporary French revolutionary unionists, such asGustave Hervé andGeorges Valois, he left the labour movement and developed a tendency towardsfascism. In 1926, he joined the Toulouse section of theFaisceau, the first French fascist party.Benito Mussolini attributed the genesis of Fascism in part to Lagardelle, writing in his "The Doctrine of Fascism" (1932): "In the great river of fascism, you will find that the veins run back to Sorel, Peguy, to the Lagardelle Socialist Movement and the Italian trade unionists, who from 1904 to 1914, carried a new note in socialist circles with Pagine libere Olivetti, La Lupa of Orano He Divenire Social E. Leone."[citation needed]
Fascinated byItalian fascism, Lagardelle assisted the Ambassador of France toRome, Henry de Jouvenel, from 1932 to 1937 in an attempt to establish a Franco-Italian alliance to prevent further German expansionism.
Lagardelle becameMinister of Labour for the Vichy government ofPierre Laval (April 1942 – November 1943). In 1943, he was forced to resign from the government and became editor of theSocialist France newspaper. In 1946, he was sentenced to life imprisonment for collaboration but released because of his age in 1949.
He died on 20 September 1958 and was buried at theSaint-Ouen Cemetery.
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