27°34′11″N110°00′06″E / 27.5698°N 110.0016°E /27.5698; 110.0016
Huaihua 怀化市 | |
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 South Renmin Road,Hecheng  Mazu Temple,Zhijiang County | |
.png) Location of Huaihua City jurisdiction in Hunan | |
  Huaihua Location of the city centre in Hunan | |
| Coordinates (Yingfeng Park (迎丰公园)):27°33′39″N109°59′08″E / 27.5608°N 109.9856°E /27.5608; 109.9856 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hunan |
| Municipal seat | Hecheng District |
| Area | |
| 27,600 km2 (10,700 sq mi) | |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 64.00 km2 (24.71 sq mi) |
| • Districts[1] | 722.8 km2 (279.1 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| 5,235,200 | |
| • Density | 190/km2 (491/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 623,800 |
| • Urban density | 9,747/km2 (25,240/sq mi) |
| • Districts[1] | 855,000 |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 187.8 billion US$ 27.8 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 35,865 US$ 5,333 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HN-12 |
| Website | www |
Huaihua (simplified Chinese:怀化市;traditional Chinese:懷化市;pinyin:Huáihuà Shì) is aprefecture-level city in westernHunan province, China. It is known as the "Western Gate" of Hunan and is the largest prefecture-level city in the province.[3]It covers 27,564 km2 (10,643 sq mi) and is bordered byXiangxi to the northwest,Zhangjiajie andChangde to the north,Yiyang,Loudi andShaoyang to the east,Guilin andLiuzhou ofGuangxi to the south, andQiandongnan andTongren ofGuizhou to the southwest. It has a population of 4,741,948 (2010 census), accounting for 7.22% of the provincial population.[4][5] According to the 2010 Census, 2,909,574 people, or 61.4% of the population, areHan Chinese. Minorities constitute 38.6% of the population, with 1,832,289 people. TheDong,Miao,Tujia,Yao andBai are major native minority groups.[6] Huaihua is the central region of the Dong ethnic population, home to nearly 28.35% of the Chinese Dong ethnic group.[7]
Huaihua is located in the center of the border area of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Guizhou and Guangxi provinces. It is at the core intersection of a cross on the map of China and is known as the "Gateway to Guizhou and Yunnan" and the "Throat of the Whole Chu".[8]
Huaihua is very mountainous, being located between theWuyi andXuefeng mountain ranges. TheYuan river runs from the south to the north. Theforest coverage reached 70.8% in 2015.[9]
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Huaihua lies in the mountainous west of Hunan, south-east ofZhangjiajie National Forest Park, and shares the same mountain belt.[10]Railroads are major means of transportation in the region, and anairport was opened in 2004.
Huaihua is home to theSecond Artillery Corps Base 55, which is charged with maintainingICBMs.[1][2] The nuclear assets at Huaihua are intended for small-scale nuclear conflicts[3] (with a limited, but nuclear, exchange), as well as the ability to strikeGuam, one of only twoB-2 bases.
Huaihua City is located in the southwest of Hunan Province, between the Xuefeng Mountain Range and the Wuling Mountain Range. It is mainly mountainous, with many mountains in the east and west and valley plains and hilly areas in the middle. It has a mid-subtropical humid monsoon climate, with a mild climate without long hot days in summer and long frost in winter.[11]Huaihua has long, hot, oppressive, wet and mostly cloudy summers and short, very cold and partly cloudy winters. Temperatures typically range from 1 °C to 32 °C over the course of the year, rarely falling below -3 °C or rising above 34 °C.[12]The annual average temperature is 16.8 °C, the average temperature in January is 4.4 °C, and the average temperature in July is 28.5 °C. The annual average precipitation is about 1,600 mm.[11]
| Climate data for Huaihua, elevation 260 m (850 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1991–present) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.7 (76.5) | 28.9 (84.0) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.9 (94.8) | 36.2 (97.2) | 37.1 (98.8) | 39.4 (102.9) | 40.0 (104.0) | 37.7 (99.9) | 35.9 (96.6) | 30.8 (87.4) | 23.2 (73.8) | 40.0 (104.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.1 (46.6) | 11.4 (52.5) | 16.5 (61.7) | 22.8 (73.0) | 26.7 (80.1) | 29.8 (85.6) | 33.2 (91.8) | 33.1 (91.6) | 28.9 (84.0) | 22.8 (73.0) | 17.0 (62.6) | 10.9 (51.6) | 21.8 (71.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) | 7.5 (45.5) | 12.0 (53.6) | 17.7 (63.9) | 21.9 (71.4) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.6 (83.5) | 27.8 (82.0) | 23.8 (74.8) | 18.2 (64.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 7.1 (44.8) | 17.3 (63.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) | 4.9 (40.8) | 8.9 (48.0) | 14.1 (57.4) | 18.4 (65.1) | 22.2 (72.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.1 (75.4) | 20.3 (68.5) | 15.1 (59.2) | 9.9 (49.8) | 4.5 (40.1) | 14.2 (57.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.5 (23.9) | −4.0 (24.8) | −1.2 (29.8) | 4.0 (39.2) | 10.8 (51.4) | 16.3 (61.3) | 18.2 (64.8) | 16.8 (62.2) | 11.6 (52.9) | 5.9 (42.6) | 0.2 (32.4) | −3.5 (25.7) | −4.5 (23.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 66.4 (2.61) | 74.3 (2.93) | 113.0 (4.45) | 129.1 (5.08) | 217.4 (8.56) | 268.8 (10.58) | 164.3 (6.47) | 100.5 (3.96) | 94.5 (3.72) | 74.7 (2.94) | 80.6 (3.17) | 47.8 (1.88) | 1,431.4 (56.35) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 13.7 | 14.6 | 17.2 | 16.3 | 16.7 | 14.7 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 9.5 | 11.4 | 12.3 | 11.6 | 159.1 |
| Average snowy days | 4.3 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 8.7 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 46.1 | 51.9 | 76.2 | 104.2 | 117.9 | 123.0 | 210.5 | 202.4 | 135.7 | 104.1 | 84.6 | 70.3 | 1,326.9 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 14 | 16 | 20 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 50 | 50 | 37 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 29 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[13][14] | |||||||||||||
The current CPC Party Secretary of Huaihua is Peng Guofu and the current mayor is Lei Shaoye.
Huaihua is located at a major railway node and its economy has historically benefited from the concentration of railways meeting in the city. Five major railways, theShanghai–Kunming railway, theShanghai–Kunming high-speed railway, theJiaozuo–Liuzhou railway, theChongqing–Huaihua railway, and theZhangjiajie–Huaihua high-speed railway intersect in the city. Through these railways Huaihua has connections to almost all major Chinese cities. Passenger trains are served by theHuaihua railway station.[15]Huaihua South railway station meanwhile is served by high-speed trains.[16]
A rail freight handling station, Huaihua West, was opened on 31 January 2021.[17]
Huaihua is on the route ofG65 Baotou-Maoming Expressway, which connects it with Chongqing to the northwest. It is also on the route ofG60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway, which connects it withGuiyang to the west, andChangsha to the east. Other roads that run through the city includeChina National Highway 209 andChina National Highway 320.
By air, Huaihua is served byHuaihua Zhijiang Airport, located some 31 kilometers from the city proper in theZhijiang Dong Autonomous County.[18]By 2025, Huaihua Zhijiang Airport is expected to handle a passenger throughput of 1.1 million.[19]
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| Geographic | |
