TheHouse of Balliol (de Bailleul) was anoble family originating from the village ofBailleul inPicardy. They held estates in England, granted during the reign of KingWilliam Rufus. Through marriage, they hadclaims to the Throne of Scotland. One member of the family,John Balliol, was named King of Scotland after the disputed succession following extinction of theDunkeld line. John was deposed, leading to theFirst War of Scottish Independence. His son,Edward Balliol, also briefly controlled the Scottish throne during theSecond War of Scottish Independence. Edward had no issue, and the direct line went extinct with him.

• Guy I de Balliol (died before 1130 × 1133), established lordship in northern England in 1090s
• Bernard I de Balliol (died 1154 x 1162), nephew of Guy
• Guy II de Balliol (died early 1160s x 1167), son of Bernard
• Bernard II de Balliol (diedc. 1190), brother of above
• Eustace de Balliol (died c. 1209), cousin of above
• Hugh de Balliol (died 1229), son of above
• John I de Balliol (died 1268), son of above, the founder ofBalliol College
• John II de Balliol (died 1314), son of above, reigned as King of Scotland from 1292 to 1296, as a descendant ofDavid I of Scotland of theHouse of Dunkeld.
• Edward de Balliol (died 1364), eldest son of John; from 1332 to 1356 he was a pretender to the Scottish throne with the support of England, in opposition toDavid II of Scotland.

The last two on the list both had English support for their claims but both were deposed. Edward died without issue, but the Balliol descent continued through his cousin Christine de Lindsay (granddaughter of John I), who marriedEnguerrand V, Lord of Coucy, to the lords ofCoucy and ultimately theBourbon kings of France and Spain.

• List of British monarchs
• Scottish monarchs family tree
• Château de Bailleul, the former family seat in France
• Scott (surname)

Wikisource has the text of the1911Encyclopædia Britannica article "Baliol".

• Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. 1154x62)",Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 24 Jan 2008
• Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. c.1190)",Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 24 Jan 2008
• Stell, G. P., "Balliol , John de (b. before 1208, d. 1268)",Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 24 Jan 2008

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