 | |
| Type | Pancake |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | Korea |
| Created by | Chinese merchants from theQing dynasty |
| Main ingredients | Dough:wheat flour, water, milk, sugar, yeast Filling:brown sugar,honey,peanuts,cinnamon |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 호떡 |
| Hanja | 胡떡 |
| RR | hotteok |
| MR | hottŏk |
| IPA | [ho.t͈ʌk̚] |
Hotteok (Korean:호떡;pronounced[ho.t͈ʌk̚]), sometimes calledhoeddeok, is a type of filledpancake known as a popularstreet food in South Korea. It originated inQing-dynasty China and was first brought intoJoseon Korea during the 19th century.[1]
Thedough forhotteok is made from wheatflour,water,milk,sugar, andyeast. The dough is allowed to rise for several hours. Handful-sized balls of this stiff dough are filled with a sweet mixture, which may containbrown sugar,honey, choppedpeanuts, walnuts, andcinnamon. The filled dough is then placed on a greasedgriddle, and pressed flat into a large circle, this is done with a stainless steel circle and wooden handle as it cooks.[2][3]
In South Korea, ready-made dryhotteok mix is commercially available in plastic packages. The mix also comes with a filling consisting ofbrown sugar and groundpeanuts orsesame seeds.[4]
Hotteok is also closely related to theSilk Road as foods related towheat flour originated. It is generally believed that the merchants from China who immigrated to and settled down in Korea around the late 19th century made and soldhotteok at cheap prices, which helped spread the dish throughout Korea.[5] It is said that Chinese merchants who entered Korea during theImo Incident did not return to their homeland even after their country was destroyed, but opened restaurants and sold food to make a living, and one of them washotteok.
The Chinese merchants in Korea originally sold numerous different types of Chinese snacks made from dough. These included thetang huoshao (糖火烧),jidanbing (雞蛋餅),tanggao (唐糕),zhimabing (芝麻餠), andqiehuabing (鮮花餅). Koreans lumped all of these together under the namehotteok. WhenKorea was under Japanese rule, the Japanese called themShina pan (支那パン;lit. 'China bread').[5]
Unlike otherKorean pancakes, which often contain savory meat fillings,hotteok usually have been stuffed with sweetfillings, to suit Koreans' culinary tastes.
The types ofhotteok have been changing continuously although many favour the traditionalcinnamon andpeanut filling. Many variations have developed since the early 21st century, such asgreen teahotteok,[6] pinkbokbunja hotteok,cornhotteok,pizzahotteok and more.[7]Along with that many vendors now sellyachae-hotteok made withjapchae and vegetables.[8] Commercially producedhotteok products are developed and sold by companies such asSamyang,Ottogi, and CJ. Such products are designed to be cooked at home.
Hotteok is usually eaten in winter. Due to its high sugar content, a singlehotteok may have as many as 230 calories.[9]
Koreans say "Thehotteok store is burning" (호떡집에 불 났다) to refer to noisy situations. It is believed that the phrase originated from the thought of Chinese merchants arguing over the reason of a fire at theirhotteok stall.[5]
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