| Honi | |
|---|---|
| Native to | SouthernChina,Vietnam,Laos,Myanmar |
| Ethnicity | Hani |
Native speakers | 140,000 (2007)[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | how |
| Glottolog | honi1244 |
TheHoni language (豪尼語), also known as Haoni, Baihong, Hao-Bai, or Ho, is a language of the Loloish (Yi) branch of theTibeto-Burman linguistic group spoken inYunnan,China. The Chinese government groups speakers of this language into the Hani nationality, one of China's56 recognized nationalities and considers the language to be a dialect of the widerHani languages. Honi itself is divided into two distinct dialects, Baihong and Haoni, which may be separate languages.
| Labial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | sibilant | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ȵ | ŋ | |||
| Plosive/ Affricate | unaspirated | p | t | ts | tʃ | tɕ | k |
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | tsʰ | tʃʰ | tɕʰ | kʰ | |
| Continuant | voiceless | f | l̥ | s | ʃ | ɕ | x |
| voiced | v | l | z | ʒ | ɣ | ||
| Semivowel | w | j | |||||
A voiceless /l̥/ may also be realized as a lateral fricative [ɬ].
| Front | Central | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | ɯ | u | ||
| High-mid | ɤ | o | |||
| Low-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |||
| Low | æ | a | |||
| Syllabic | v̩ | ɹ̩ | |||
In the Mojiang dialect, vowel length is distinctive among vowels /iːɛː/ and syllabic vowels /v̩ːɹ̩ː/.[2]
| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diphthong | Close | iu | ui | |
| Mid | io | iɔ | uɛ | |
| Open | ia | ua | ||
| Nasal | Close | ĩ | ||
| Mid | ɛ̃ | õ | ||
| Open | ã | |||
| Nasal Diphthong | Mid | ĩɛ̃ | ĩõ | ũɛ̃ |
| Open | ĩã | ũã | ||
Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WesternHimalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim) |
|  | |||
| EasternHimalayas (Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal) | |||||
| Myanmar and Indo- Burmese border |
| ||||
| East andSoutheast Asia |
| ||||
| Dubious (possible isolates,Arunachal) |
| ||||
| Proposed groupings | |||||
| Proto-languages | |||||
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||
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