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Hong'an County 红安县 | |
|---|---|
 Hong'an County from above | |
  Hong'an Location in Hubei | |
| Coordinates (Hong'an government):31°17′17″N114°37′05″E / 31.288°N 114.618°E /31.288; 114.618 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hubei |
| Prefecture-level city | Huanggang |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,782 km2 (688 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
• Total | 510,189 |
| • Density | 286.3/km2 (741.5/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
Hong'an County (simplified Chinese:红安县;traditional Chinese:紅安縣;pinyin:Hóng'ān Xiàn), formerly namedHuang'an County (黄安县;黃安縣;Huáng'ān Xiàn; Hwangan), located to the north of provincial capitalWuhan, is a county under jurisdiction ofHuanggang, Hubei province, People's Republic of China.
Hong'an is famous for being the birthplace of many generals in thePeople's Liberation Army originally hailed from it. In the early 1950s, there were over 200 generals from Hong'an, far more than any other county in China. It earned Hon'an the nickname "County of the Generals".
The former military leader andPresident of China,Li Xiannian (1909–1992), was born in Hong'an.
In 845 BC, Marquis Wen (文侯) Huang Meng (黃孟) (aka Huang Zhang;黃璋) moved the capital of theState of Huang from Yicheng to Huangchuan (present-day Huangchuan, Henan). Huang Xi's descendants ruled the State of Huang until 648 BC when it was destroyed and conquered by theState of Chu. The Marquis of Huang, Marquis Mu (穆侯) Huang Qisheng (黃企生), fled to thestate of Qi. The people of Huang were forced to relocate toChu. They settled in the region of present-day Hubei province, in a region known as theJiangxia Commandery (江夏郡) during theHan dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). There are many places in this region today that were named after Huang e.g. Huanggang, Huangpi, Huangmei, Huangshi, Huang'an (now Hong'an), Huangzhou etc. A large number of the people of Huang were also relocated to regions south of theYangtze River.
During theChinese Civil War, Huang'an County (as it was then known) was a stronghold of theChinese Communist Party. It was in Huang'an where in November 1927 Communist guerrillas founded the first peasants' government that would eventually evolve into the futureEyuwan soviet. It was also the location where Communist GeneralXu Haidong founded the Seventh Red Army with a handful of recruits.[2] From the core of Huang'an,Macheng, andGuangshan counties, the Eyuwan Soviet would gradually expand to become the second-largest soviet republic in China, with over one million inhabitants.[3] The Red Army units based in Eyuwan recruited heavily from Huang'an, and many natives of the county went on to serve in high ranks of thePeople's Liberation Army. In the early 1950s, over 200 PLA generals hailed from Huang'an. Two of these men,Dong Biwu andLi Xiannian, both would go on to serve asPresident of the People's Republic of China.[4]
Hong'an County administers 13 township-level divisions:[5][6][7]
| Climate data for Hong'an, elevation 74 m (243 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.6 (67.3) | 27.4 (81.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 33.6 (92.5) | 36.5 (97.7) | 37.9 (100.2) | 39.7 (103.5) | 39.0 (102.2) | 37.8 (100.0) | 34.4 (93.9) | 29.3 (84.7) | 22.1 (71.8) | 39.7 (103.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) | 11.2 (52.2) | 16.1 (61.0) | 22.5 (72.5) | 27.0 (80.6) | 30.0 (86.0) | 32.5 (90.5) | 32.4 (90.3) | 28.7 (83.7) | 23.3 (73.9) | 16.9 (62.4) | 10.4 (50.7) | 21.6 (70.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) | 6.1 (43.0) | 10.7 (51.3) | 16.9 (62.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.2 (82.8) | 27.6 (81.7) | 23.4 (74.1) | 17.6 (63.7) | 11.1 (52.0) | 5.3 (41.5) | 16.5 (61.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) | 2.3 (36.1) | 6.6 (43.9) | 12.3 (54.1) | 17.5 (63.5) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.1 (75.4) | 19.5 (67.1) | 13.4 (56.1) | 6.9 (44.4) | 1.5 (34.7) | 12.5 (54.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −9.2 (15.4) | −7.8 (18.0) | −4.4 (24.1) | 0.3 (32.5) | 6.9 (44.4) | 11.6 (52.9) | 18.5 (65.3) | 15.5 (59.9) | 10.4 (50.7) | 0.4 (32.7) | −4.6 (23.7) | −16.2 (2.8) | −16.2 (2.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 38.3 (1.51) | 49.2 (1.94) | 76.9 (3.03) | 106.1 (4.18) | 133.3 (5.25) | 204.9 (8.07) | 251.1 (9.89) | 136.7 (5.38) | 66.3 (2.61) | 62.0 (2.44) | 48.6 (1.91) | 24.9 (0.98) | 1,198.3 (47.19) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.2 | 9.0 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 10.7 | 11.6 | 10.0 | 7.7 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 6.5 | 114 |
| Average snowy days | 4.4 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 9.9 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 73 | 74 | 73 | 72 | 74 | 80 | 81 | 80 | 75 | 73 | 73 | 71 | 75 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 102.5 | 103.1 | 131.4 | 153.9 | 164.8 | 152.3 | 191.8 | 201.2 | 162.8 | 149.8 | 132.6 | 119.9 | 1,766.1 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 32 | 33 | 35 | 40 | 39 | 36 | 45 | 49 | 44 | 43 | 42 | 38 | 40 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[8][9] | |||||||||||||
行政区划：红安辖13个乡镇（场），分别为城关镇（面积117.94平方公里）（面积为平方公里，下同），杏花乡（面积166.41）、七里坪镇（面积351.33），华家河镇（面积167.25）、二程镇（面积129.25）、上新集镇（面积85.7）、高桥镇（面积150.06）、觅儿寺镇（面积89.64）、八里湾镇（面积100.6）、太平桥镇（面积75.15）、永佳河镇（面积225.81）、火连畈茶场（面积13.79）、天台山风景区管理处。村委会396个，村民小组3814个。
红安县辖10个镇、1个乡：城关镇、七里坪镇、华家河镇、二程镇、上新集镇、高桥镇、觅儿寺镇、八里湾镇、太平桥镇、永佳河镇、杏花乡。县政府驻城关镇。
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