| Holden Commodore (VE) | |
|---|---|
_V_sedan_(2010-06-17)_01.jpg) | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Holden |
| Also called |
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| Production |
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| Assembly | Australia:Adelaide, South Australia (Elizabeth) |
| Designer | Peter Hughes (2003) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-size |
| Body style |
|
| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel drive |
| Platform | GM Zeta |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase |
|
| Length |
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| Width | 1,899 mm (74.8 in) |
| Height | 1,471–1,497 mm (57.9–58.9 in) |
| Kerb weight |
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| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Holden Commodore (VZ) |
| Successor | Holden Commodore (VF) |
TheHolden Commodore (VE) is afull-size car that was produced from 2006 to 2013 byHolden, the former Australian subsidiary ofGeneral Motors. Dubbed Holden's "billion dollar baby",[1][2] the car was available as the Holden Berlina—the mid-range model—and the Holden Calais, theluxury variant;utility body styles were marketed as theHolden Ute.
Succeeding theVZ series, the VE was the first iteration of the fourth generation of theHolden Commodore, a series of automobiles built between 1978 and 2020. Unlike its predecessors, which usedOpel-sourcedplatforms adapted to mechanics and sizes that would suit the local market, the VE was the first Commodore entirely designed and developed by Holden in Australia. To minimise export redevelopment costs, features such as a symmetricalcentre console housing a flush-fittinghand brake lever facilitated the conversion toleft-hand drive. The VE was internationallybadge-engineered as theChevrolet Lumina,Chevrolet Omega,Bitter Vero Sport andPontiac G8.
Holden introduced the VE body styles in stages, beginning with thesedan in July 2006. Before this, the company stated they would manufacture two parallel generations of Commodores until the launch of thestation wagon andutility.Variants by Holden's performance vehicle partner,Holden Special Vehicles, were released soon after the sedan's debut alongside the long-wheelbaseWM Statesman/Caprice models. The VE Ute entered production in 2007, coinciding with the unveiling of the Sportwagonconcept car. The production version of the VE Sportwagon—which shared its 2,915 mm (114.8 in) wheelbase with the sedan instead of the extended wheelbase from the Caprice, like previous models—was introduced in July 2008.
Named the 2006Car of the Year byWheels, the VE consistently ranked asthe best-selling automobile in Australia over its production run. Holden introduced updates to the VE asmodel year (MY) changes. Typically subtle, these recurring changes have involved alterations to colours and trim, increased standard equipment and reduced fuel consumption. More noteworthy adjustments have come in the form of a smaller 3.0-litre V6 engine for entry-level versions and "Series II" styling revisions in September 2010.
Official manufacture of the VE sedan began atHolden's production facility inElizabeth, South Australia, on 13 July 2006.[3] Three days later, Holden debuted the car at theMelbourne Convention Centre, an event that was broadcast simultaneously via the Internet.[4][5] Its debut occurred alongside that of the company'sflagship model, theStatesman/Caprice (WM).[5] Before this, Holden announced that the VEstation wagon andutility body styles would be delayed, while theVZ equivalents would continue to be produced.[6] The VE Ute was revealed on 22 August 2007.[7] This was followed by the unveiling of the Sportwagon concept late that year,[8][9] the production version of which was released in July 2008.[10]
Across the seven years of development the VE became Holden's largest and most expensive project, representing an expenditure of approximatelyA$1.03 billion and 3.4 million kilometres (2.1 million miles) of testing.[11][12] Following the investment, some critics referred to the VE by thesobriquet "billion dollar baby".[13]
In late 1998 design chiefMichael Simcoe sketched the initial concept for the VE—a rakish sedan with a long wheelbase and shorteroverhangs—to guide management and designers. The sketch formed the design basis for the eventual production-ready car.[14] In early 1999 Peter Hughes—manager of exterior design for Holden—produced a two-dimensional image of a sketch drawn earlier by Simcoe.[15] By late 2000 eight initial exterior sketches were selected, then narrowed down to four through a voting process within the design team. These designs featured the same core elements: prominent wheel arches, an aggressive stance, dynamic lines and short overhangs. Full-sizeclay models of the four chosen sketches were created.[16]
By July 2002 the speculative phase had ended, and a single exterior design direction was chosen. With only four years left before the car's launch, and without having undergone practical testing or real-world engineering, the team turned to acomputer-aided industrial design program,Autodesk Alias. One solitary VE concept was refined, sculpted, taken to Holden'sLang Lang Proving Ground, placed on theskidpan, and scrutinised by designers and directors from up close and far away to assess how much prominence it had on the road.[16]
In February 2003 the designers provided important information to the engineering team, and by May 2003 the design was finalised and approved by Peter Hughes. By July 2003 the teams created the final design mock-up, featuring a fully transparent model with a glasshouse structure.[16][17] In 2004, two years before the release of the VE Commodore, Holden unveiled theTorana TT36concept car at theAustralian International Motor Show in Sydney.[18] This concept previewed the production Commodore and allowed Holden to assess public response to the car's exterior design. Some production-ready components, such as thesteering wheel and thehandbrake lever, were adapted from the TT36 for the production VE.[19]
After completing the initial design sketches, Holden's engineers quickly began work on developing thechassis.Opel discontinued therear-wheel driveOmega in 2003. Holden, having used thisplatform for all earlier Commodore generations, had two options: adopt anotherGeneral Motors (GM) platform or create a new architecture. GM's new premium rear-wheel drive Sigma platform, which was set to debut in theCadillac CTS, was offered to Holden's engineers, who believed that it was unsuitable for the car's requirements. The shoulder width in the rear seat was too narrow.[20][21] Holden chose to develop a new platform, theGM Zeta, which also served as the basis for several later GM vehicles.[22] The car features a double-pivotMacPherson strut frontsuspension and a four-linkindependent rear suspension, which replaced the earlier MacPherson strut front, and semi-trailing arm rear, designs.[23]Denny Mooney was appointed chairman of Holden in January 2004.[17] One of Mooney's priorities was to improve the perceived quality issues that surrounded the previous generations of Commodores. Mooney advocated for a reduction of panel gaps by 0.5 millimetres (0.020 in) over previous targets.[24] Using high-strength steel, the body structure is 50 per centstiffer than the outgoing model. Strength enhancements include the incorporation of tailor-welded blanks in the front chassis rails and floor reinforcing, resulting in a bare shell mass of 70 kilograms (150 lb). These advancements not only result innoise, vibration and harshness reductions but also lead to improved handling and crash safety.[25]
The development of the VE prompted Holden to redesign its facility in Elizabeth, South Australia, which would facilitate the assembly of entire sections of the car off the foremost production line. This allowed for a seamless construction of complete sub-assemblies, such as the engine and transmissions, to be assembled on rigs that simplify production.[26] This is applied to the front-end module of the VE Commodore, which comprises accessory components such asheadlights,bumpers andairbag sensors. The production method permits the easy removal of the entire front-end as a single-piece unit, resulting in reducedrepair costs and easier access to the engine bay.[27] The method was first used by GM and won theSAE Australasia's 2006 "Automotive Engineering Excellence Award".[28] Holden implemented a modular design structure known as the "Flex" strategy for the VE's interior, where fundamentally different components, such as audio systems and instrument clusters, could easily be swapped between variants while keeping production costs manageable. This approach resulted in significantly greater differentiation between the variants compared to the previous model, offering three distinct interior styles:Functional,Performance andLuxury.[29][30]
The VE model introduced several updates, including a new four-strut hinge system for theboot and replacing the previous "gooseneck" hinges.[31] High-specification variants feature expandable door pockets and a "blackout" mode that illuminates only thespeedometer at night.[32] The handbrake is flush-fitting and integrated into a symmetricalcentre console allowing the car to be easily re-configured forleft-hand drive markets and thus reducing redesign and redevelopment costs.[30][33]
Unveiled at the2007 Australian International Motor Show in Melbourne,[34][35] the Sportwagon marked a departure from previous Commodorestation wagons. Representing an A$110 million investment and over 500,000 kilometres (310,000 mi) of road testing,[12] the VE Sportwagon programme aimed to address the changing station wagon market, due to the growth of the sales ofsport utility vehicles (SUVs) and the overreliance onfleet purchasing. Recognising a shift away from traditional station wagons, Holden sought to develop a sportier and more stylish station wagon, dubbed theSportwagon.[36] Up to 90 per cent of VZ wagons were bought by fleet companies, and Holden desired to attract more retail customers; they decided to develop a lower, sportier wagon as an alternative to SUVs.[37]
The Sportwagon, unlike all previous models—which shared their long-wheelbase with theStatesman/Caprice—is built on the same 2,915 mm (114.8 in) wheelbase platform as the sedan.[35][38] While this adjustment resulted in a cargo capacity reduction from the VZ's 1,402 to 895 litres (370 to 236 US gal), the sedan's near 50:50 weight distribution is retained.[12][39] To ensure the cargo opening is large enough, the tailgate is hinged well up into the roofline.[40][41] The design of the tailgate is compact enough to open in just 268 millimetres (10.6 in) of space, a feature publicised in Sportwagon television commercials.[42] Modifications to thesuspension were made to accommodate the Sportwagon's different design characteristics, including stiffer springs, alterations to theanti-roll bar, and an additional ball joint in the rear suspension to handle the increased weight.[43] Compared to the sedan,kerb weight was increased by about 91 kilograms (201 lb).[44]
_SV6_01.jpg)
The Holden Ute—thecoupe utility body style[45]—was unveiled on 22 August 2007 via the Internet and was designed to be a "lifestyle vehicle", a shift from the traditional "workhorse" market.[46][47] The VE Ute program received an investment of around AU$105.1 million.[12][48] The design was conceived in 2000, when the team began developing the design of the VE sedan and the global rear-wheel-drive architecture. At that time, many of the surfaces, details, and linework along the sides of the car were incorporated to ensure the flexibility needed to extend the design to accommodate a Ute.[49] The Holden Ute shares its 3,009-millimetre (118.5 in) wheelbase with the WM Statesman/Caprice.[50] The horizontal tail light was meant to give the Ute what Tony Stolfo—the chief designer of the VE—describes as "a more car-like persona", as did the raised numberplate housing and full one-piece bumper.[49][51]
Engine placement was a contentious issue during development. Holden's designers advocated for the engine to be positioned well behind the frontaxle, aiming to achieve short overhangs and an overall sportier appearance. However, this approach raised concerns among crash engineers, who feared it would reduce the body's impact absorption in the event of an accident. To resolve the conflicting perspectives, a consensus was reached between designers and crash engineers, resulting in the relocation of engine components, including relocating thebattery to theboot, which freed valuable front-end space.[52] By having the engine moved back and lower down, the VE Commodore also benefits from near-perfect 50:50weight distribution across all variants, leading to superior handling.[53] Crash engineers implemented several othersafety initiatives, including relocating thefuel tank to be in front of the rear-axle line, instead of behind.[54] In July 2006, Holden claimed that the VE featured one of the best body structures globally. They cited an extensive series of assessments, comprising over 5,000 simulated tests and 79 live barrier tests.[55] Crash test results from theAustralasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) rate the VE lower in the offset frontal impact test than the VZ. The overall crash score was marginally higher than for the previous VZ, due to improvements in side impact protection giving a score of 27.45 out of 37, or a four-star rating out of a possible five.[56][57]
In March 2008, having six airbags as standard in theMY09 update made the VE eligible for the ANCAP side pole test, yielding additional safety points. The second stage of the VE's safety rollout in October 2008, forMY09.5, included, across the VE range, the addition of an energy-absorbingsteering column shroud and redesigned rear door latches. The Omega sedan, equipped with aseat belt reminder gained another point, thus allowing the model to bear a five-star rating with a score of 33.45 in December 2008.[58][59] In February 2009, following the addition of a seat belt reminder in the Sportwagon range, the Omega Sportwagon was the next model to be awarded a five-star rating.[60] Subsequent safety upgrades were extended to other VE-based models, including the Ute andWM Statesman/Caprice, with the inclusion of the seat belt reminder becoming standard as part of theMY10 update in August 2009. Consequently, all VE sedan and Sportwagon body styles, along with the extended-wheelbaseWM models, received a five-star rating.[61] The VE Ute officially received the rating on 19 October 2009, getting ANCAP five-star ratings for the entire line-up of Australian-made Holdens.[62]
_Omega_sedan_(2010-10-19)_01.jpg)
Holden, recognising the risks of simultaneously introducing a new platform and drivetrain, introduced the Australian-builtAlloytecV6 engine derived from the provenVZ model. Adapting a proven engine design lessened the likelihood that Holden would find, and have to rectify, faults before starting production.[63] The original base V6 benefited from power increases compared to the VZ, with engine noise decreased by implementing newtiming chains, among other modifications.[64] The four-speedGM 4L60-Eautomatic transmission—first introduced in theVL—remained for this engine, with subtle alterations to its functionality.Manual transmission options were theAisinAY6 and Tremec TR6060 six-speed, while two automatics featuring Active Select (manumatic) functionality were offered as the five-speedGM 5L40-E and six-speedGM 6L80-E.[65] The latter was reserved exclusively for a modifiedL76V8 engine. This new engine, internally designatedL98, does not readily support fuel-savingActive Fuel Management (AFM) technology, unlike theL76.[66]
In October 2006 Holden introduced abi-fuel variant of theAlloytec V6, offered in the Omega and Berlina variants. This version can run on both petrol andLPG, incorporating an advancedSequential Vapour Gas Injection system and reinforcedvalve seats for durability. The bi-fuel V6 delivers slightly lower performance—5 kW (7 hp) and 5 N⋅m (4 lb⋅ft) less than the conventional V6 when running on LPG—resulting in a total of 175 kW (235 hp). The engine uses a large 100 kg (220 lb) cylindrical gas tank, which results in decreased boot space and slightly increased fuel consumption.[67][68] On 16 October 2006, due to a faulty fuel hose that caused a fuel smell to enter the cabin, a recall was issued that affected 1,521 V8 Commodore andWM Statesman/Caprice models,[69] On 10 November 2006, resulting from defective rearseat belt anchors, a second recall was issued, which affected 12,830 Commodores and WM models built before 11 September 2006.[70] On 10 April 2007, due to the possibility that the bi-fuel Commodores may have been fitted with undersizedO-rings in the service valve hand tap, Holden issued a recall affecting models produced between November 2006 and April 2007.[71] On 7 December 2007, due to the possibility that one of the fuel lines in the engine compartment may have a rub condition with a fuel vapour hose clip, possibly causing a fuel smell to become evident, another recall was issued, for over 86,000 VE and WM V6 models.[72][73]
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On 21 October 2008, Holden disclosed the upgrades for theMY09.5 models. Alterations involved the standardisation of theAlloytec V6 across the entire Commodore range from November 2008, whereas it was previously exclusive to the SV6 and Calais.[74][75] The Omega and Berlina variants gainedvariable valve timing, but the "premium" dual exhaust system and the five-speed automatic were excluded. The upshot of this is an output reduction of 5 kW (7 hp) and 5 N⋅m (4 lb⋅ft) compared to the engine it replaces. Omega and Berlina sedans and Sportwagons benefit from a two and four per cent fuel efficiency improvement, respectively.[76]Emissions had also been reduced, which allowed petrol-powered variants to achieve aEuro VI certification, anemission standard that was introduced in Europe in 2014. These changes extend further than the petrol engine, as bi-fuel LPG variants benefit from an eight per cent improvement in fuel economy when running on LPG.[77] The LPG models produce 318 N⋅m (235 lb⋅ft), which is 7 N⋅m (5 lb⋅ft) less than before.[78] Also announced in 2008 was a version of the 6.0-litre V8 engine featuring General Motors' AFM technology, designatedL76. Originally omitted from theL98 V8, AFM contributes to enhanced fuel consumption under light engine loads. However, it was available only with models featuring an automatic transmission, and power output is reduced by 10 kilowatts (13 hp).[79] The announcement of AFM coincided with the announcement ofEcoLine, a badge highlighting Holden vehicles employing fuel-saving technologies. In the case of the VE Commodore, both AFM- and LPG-powered versions come under theEcoLine designation.[76] On 7 April 2009, dealerships began receiving the firstEcoLine-branded models.[80]
On 4 August 2009, Holden announced theMY10 revisions to the VE andWM range.[81] For the Omega and Berlina, the 3.6-litreAlloytec V6 was superseded by a 3.0-litre engine, the lowestengine displacement of a Commodore since thestraight-six engine fitted to the 1986VL series. The new engine receivedSpark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) technology, claimed to yield a fuel consumption reduction of up to 12 per cent. Power was increased to 190 kW (255 hp), albeit with a reduction in torque to 290 N⋅m (214 lbf⋅ft).[82] Along with the 3.0-litre engine, a newly-developed 3.6-litre version of the same, producing 210 kW (282 hp) and 350 N⋅m (258 lbf⋅ft), was also unveiled. Other than the manual transmission version of the SV6, allSIDI V6 models are coupled to GM's6L50 automatic transmissions and fall under Holden'sEcoLine designation.[83] Benefits to fuel economy for the 3.6-litreSIDI can also be attributed to an improved "deceleration fuel cut" system, which halts the fuel supply during enginecoasting, a more efficientalternator andvoltage regulator, a 50 revolution per minute (rpm) reduction inidle speed (to 550 rpm), and the incorporation of a "turbine damper", for the automatic transmission, that suppresses vibrations at low RPMs, thus enabling earlier upshifts.[84] The Omega iterations of the Ute, as well as all bi-fuel variants, retain the 3.6-litre engine coupled with a four-speed automatic transmission, but alterations were made to the LPG engine to achieve additional gains in efficiency.[82]
In late August 2010, significant updates were introduced with theMY11 Series II upgrades.[85] The Omega versions of the Ute were upgraded to the 3.0-litreSIDI engine paired with a six-speed automatic transmission, as used in the sedan and wagon versions.[86] Holden also modified the 3.0-litre V6 to acceptE85 bio-ethanol, in addition to petrol, stating that using E85 provides a sizeable increase in performance and reduces CO2 emissions between 20 and 40 per cent, depending on the distance the fuel is transported from the production site to thefilling station.[87] In September 2011, E85 compatibility was extended to the 3.6-litre V6 as part of theMY12 update.[88]
| Eng. disp.;configuration | Engine | Power[note 1] | Torque | Transmission | Fuel type | Fuel consumption (sedan) | Production | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.6 L (3,564 cc); V6[90] | Alloytec (LE0)[90] | 180 kW (241 hp) | 330 N⋅m (243 lbf⋅ft) | 4-speedGM 4L60-E automatic | Petrol | 10.9 L/100 km (21.6 mpg‑US) | 2006–2007 | [95] |
| 10.8 L/100 km (21.8 mpg‑US) | 2007–2008 | [96][97] | ||||||
| 175 kW (235 hp) | 325 N⋅m (240 lbf⋅ft) | 10.6 L/100 km (22.2 mpg‑US) | 2008–2009 | [98][99] | ||||
| Petrol/LPG (bi-fuel)[note 2] | 16.0 L/100 km (14.7 mpg‑US) | 2006–2007 | [100] | |||||
| 15.5 L/100 km (15.2 mpg‑US) | 2007–2008 | [75][101] | ||||||
| 318 N⋅m (235 lb⋅ft) | 14.2 L/100 km (16.6 mpg‑US) | 2008–2009 | [75][78] | |||||
| 13.4 L/100 km (17.6 mpg‑US) | 2009–2012 | [82][102] | ||||||
| High Output Alloytec (LY7)[90] | 195 kW (261 hp) | 340 N⋅m (251 lbf⋅ft) | 6-speedAisin AY6 manual | Petrol | 11.0 L/100 km (21.4 mpg‑US) | 2006–2009 | [105] | |
| 5-speedGM 5L40-E automatic | 11.3 L/100 km (20.8 mpg‑US) | [108] | ||||||
| 3.0 L (2,997 cc); V6[109] | SIDI (LF1)[110] | 190 kW (255 hp) | 290 N⋅m (214 lbf⋅ft) | 6-speedGM 6L50 automatic | Petrol | 9.3 L/100 km (25.3 mpg‑US) | 2009–2010 | [110] |
| Petrol/E85 | 9.1 L/100 km (25.8 mpg‑US) | 2010–2011 | [111][112] | |||||
| 8.9 L/100 km (26.4 mpg‑US) | 2011–2013 | [88][113] | ||||||
| 3.6 L (3,564 cc); V6[114] | SIDI (LLT)[115] | 210 kW (282 hp) | 350 N⋅m (258 lbf⋅ft) | 6-speedAisin AY6 manual | Petrol | 10.2 L/100 km (23.1 mpg‑US) | 2009–2010 | [116][117] |
| 9.8 L/100 km (24.0 mpg‑US) | 2010–2013 | [121] | ||||||
| 6-speedGM 6L50 automatic | 9.9 L/100 km (23.8 mpg‑US) | 2009–2010 | [122] | |||||
| 9.8 L/100 km (24.0 mpg‑US) | 2010–2011 | [123] | ||||||
| SIDI (LFX)[124] | Petrol/E85 | 9.5 L/100 km (24.8 mpg‑US) | 2011–2013 | [125][126] | ||||
| SIDI (LWR)[127] | 180 kW (241 hp) | 320 N⋅m (236 lbf⋅ft) | LPG | 12.3 L/100 km (19.1 mpg‑US) | 2012–2013 | [130] | ||
| 6.0 L (5,967 cc); V8[131] | Generation 4 Alloy (L98)[132] | 270 kW (362 hp) | 530 N⋅m (391 lbf⋅ft) | 6-speedTremec T-56 manual | Petrol | 14.4 L/100 km (16.3 mpg‑US) | 2006–2009 | [133][134] |
| 13.7 L/100 km (17.2 mpg‑US) | 2009–2010 | [135][136] | ||||||
| 6-speedGM 6L80-E automatic | 14.3 L/100 km (16.4 mpg‑US) | 2006–2009 | [134][137] | |||||
| Generation 4 Alloy (AFM) (L76)[138] | 260 kW (349 hp) | 517 N⋅m (381 lb⋅ft) | 12.9 L/100 km (18.2 mpg‑US) | 2009 | [141] | |||
| 12.6 L/100 km (18.7 mpg‑US) | 2009–2010 | [142][143] | ||||||
| Generation 4 Alloy (L77)[144] | 270 kW (362 hp) | 530 N⋅m (391 lbf⋅ft) | 6-speedTremec T-56 manual | Petrol/E85 | 12.2 L/100 km (19.3 mpg‑US) | 2010–2013 | [148] | |
| Generation 4 Alloy (AFM) (L77)[149] | 260 kW (349 hp) | 517 N⋅m (381 lb⋅ft) | 6-speedGM 6L80-E automatic | 12.6 L/100 km (18.7 mpg‑US) | 2010–2011 | [150][151] | ||
| 12.3 L/100 km (19.1 mpg‑US) | 2011–2013 | [85][152] | ||||||
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Replacing both theCommodore Executive andAcclaim, the Omega was the entry-level option with basic standard equipment.[153][154] The most significant gain over the Executive was inclusion of theBosch version 8.0electronic stability control system as a standard feature across the range.[155] The Omega, along with all VE models, came with a "space saver" spare tyre, which faced criticism. Concerns were raised about its practicality; theRoyal Automobile Club of Victoria published studies indicating that these thinner, temporary spare tyres significantly degrade a car's driving dynamics.[156] Holden argued that the "space saver" spare tyre was a weight-saving feature.[157][158] Critics also highlighted the absence of standardair conditioning for the Omega model;[159] this was rectified with the MY09 upgrade of the Omega.[160]
Holden offered fivelimited edition models based on the Commodore Omega. Launched in the middle of 2006, the V-Series Commodore featured a sports-orientedbody kit, 17-inchalloy wheels, a rearspoiler, colour-matched wing mirrors and exterior door handles.[161][162] The Lumina model was launched in June 2007. In addition to the features of the Omega, it includedBluetooth phone connectivity and rearparking sensors.[163] On 1 May 2008, the 60th Anniversary model was released to commemorate the sixtieth anniversary of the48–215—the company's first model. It included unique 18-inch alloy wheels, leather seat inserts and special "60th Anniversary" badging.[164][165] Available from March 2009 in sedan and Sportwagon variants, the International models featured alloy wheels from the Calais V, frontfog lamps, a six-discCD changer, leather trim and Bluetooth connectivity.[166]
In October 2009, a reintroduced version came with a choice of a 3.0-litreSIDI V6 engine with a six-speed automatic transmission, or a 3.6-litre LPGAlloytec V6 with a four-speed automatic (sedan only), as well as 18-inch alloy wheels and a Berlina grille.[167] To commemorate the discontinuation of the VE before the introduction of theVF models, a Z Series Commodore—released on 5 September 2012—was designed to combine luxury and sports features to appeal to a wide audience. Available in the Omega, SV6, SS and SS V variants, it offered leather seats (in Omega and SS V), Bluetooth connectivity, rear parking sensors, a rear parking camera and alloy wheels in various sizes. The series was available in sedan, Sportwagon and Ute body styles, with minimal variations between the three.[168][169]
The SV6 builds on the Omega, with a more powerfulHigh Output version of theAlloytec V6 engine, paired with either a six-speed manual or a five-speed automatic transmission.[103][170] Unlike the launch Omega, air conditioning comes standard in the SV6.[171][172] It also featured the "FE2" suspension, which incorporates a lowered body, firmersprings and heavierdampers.[173] The SV6 possesses aPerformance-style interior, in contrast to the Omega'sFunctional-style interior.[29] The SV6 Z Series, launched on 5 September 2012, was introduced alongside the Omega model; as aforementioned, this series was designed to clear out the final VE models before the introduction of the VF. While the Z Series retained the same mechanical components as the standard SV6, it featured several enhancements, including 19-inch alloy wheels, leather-bolstered seats, Z Series badging, custom carpets, arearview camera and rear parking sensors.[168][169]
The Commodore SS uses the 6.0-litre V8 engine andT-56 six-speed manual transmission, and has quadexhaust outlets.[133][174] In both 2006 and 2007 the SS won theMotor magazine's "Bang For Your Bucks" award.[175] The subsequent introduction of the SS V marked Holden's first application of the "V-Series" naming convention on a series-produced car, which was implemented to differentiate specific models from special-edition programmes.[176] The SS V offers extra luxuries at a similar price point to the preceding SS. Its interior is distinguished by the metallic-style pedals and instruments matched with the exterior colour. The entire dashboard could be optioned in bright red, orange and black.[177] The exterior of the SS V exhibits five-spoke 19-inch alloy wheels, with the option of larger 20-inch wheels.[178]
Holden produced two special editions of the VE SS, starting with the SS V 60th Anniversary, which was released on 1 May 2008. It incorporated various additional features over the standard SS V, including 10-spoke 20-inch alloy wheels,satellite navigation, rear parking sensors, a high-mounted rear spoiler, chrome exterior door handle accents and "60th Anniversary" badging and floor mats.[164] After thePontiac brand was discontinued in North America in 2009, Holden fitted approximately 1,500 Commodore SS Vs with thePontiac G8 front-end fascia and other features.[179][180] This special edition was unveiled at the DeniliquinUte Muster on 2 October 2009, with sales beginning in November.[181] The SS V-Series Special Edition was produced in three body styles—sedan, utility and Sportwagon—with 500 units of each, unlike the G8, which was available only as a sedan.[182]
As the mid-range VE model, the Berlina has equipment similar to that of the Omega.[183] The exterior styling is similar to the Omega but has extra touches, such as larger tail-lights, frontfog lamps, seven-spoke 17-inch alloy wheels and theLuxury-type interior.[184][185][29] The Berlina International was based on the Series II Berlina and was available as both a sedan or wagon. It includes leather trim, 18-inch alloy wheels and a rear camera to facilitate safe reversing.[186][187]
The Calais—theflagship of the VE range—pairs theHigh Output AlloytecV6 engine with the five-speedautomatic transmission.[188][189] Like the SS, an upscale V-Series edition was available.[178] Two special editions of the Calais were produced. Based on the Series I model, the Calais V International was available with V6 or V8 engine and automatic transmission. The model features 19-inch alloy wheels, chrome exterior door handles, colour satellite navigation and alloy-faced pedals.[190] The Calais V 60th Anniversary Edition features an electronic sunroof, 19-inch alloy wheels, a leather interior, alloy-faced pedals and chrome exterior door handles.[191]
Like the VZ model before it, the fourth generation of the Commodore continued the tradition of significant updates, often marked by new model designations—such as the third-generation update of theVT, followed by theVX,VY and VZ models—interspersed with "Series II" and, occasionally, "Series III" revisions. Throughout the VE's lifespan, Holden also introduced a series of changes to the car, identified by themodel year (MY).[192][193][194]
The MY09 models were launched on 15 March 2008. Sixairbags became the standard across the range, replacing the previous two airbags in the Omega variant and four in the SV6. Standard features—such asair conditioning, 16-inchalloy wheels, body-coloured wing mirrors and door handles and a new grille insert with chrome accents—were added to the Omega models.[160] The subsequent MY09.5 upgrades affected models ordered from 21 October 2008 and produced from November of that year.[74][75] These updates included standardising theinstrument cluster illumination and removing theturn-by-turn navigation and Berlina V8 options. The "premium" version of theAlloytec V6 was introduced to the Omega and Berlina, offering improvedfuel consumption with a slight reduction in engine output (seeabove).[74] Various safety upgrades were also implemented (seeabove).[59] Additional MY09.5 changes were introduced in March 2009. The space-saverspare wheel was discontinued, with two options offered instead: a lightweight tire inflator kit or a full-size spare wheel.[195] The Sportwagon body styles of the Calais V and SS V variants received an alloy spare wheel if the full-size spare were chosen, while the remainder of the line-up received a steel-wheel spare.[196] Holden also replaced the dark-grey horizontal dashboard strip and steering wheel spokes on the SV6, SS and SS V with a matt silver finish.[197] Safety upgrades introduced to the Omega sedan in October were also added to the Omega Sportwagon (seeabove).[60]
The MY10 versions of the VE series were released in September 2009, featuring new 3.0-litre and 3.6-litre V6 engines withSpark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) technology, paired with a new six-speed automatic transmission (seeabove). These updated powertrains were branded under Holden'sEcoLine range, with allSIDI models identifiable by repositionedEcoLine badges and, for the 3.0-litre models, twin exhaust outlets.[82][192][110] The updated models also include recalibrated suspension and an additional ball joint in the rear suspension.[198] A sturdier, 24 mm (0.94 in)-thick rearanti-roll bar was also added.[199] Enhanced engine-bay sound insulation and a new muffler have reduced noise, vibration and harshness, while lighter, low-rolling-resistance tires further improve fuel efficiency.[200] The MY10 update introduced the Tremec TR-6060 six-speed manual transmission with an upgraded clutch.[201]
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The MY11 revisions introduced identifiable styling updates across the range. Models produced since were marketed by Holden as the "Series II".[202] Announced on 31 August 2010, and launched on 10 September,[202] the MY11 series brought extensive styling updates across the VE range, including redesigned frontfascias,aerodynamic lip detailing on sedandecklids, and new alloy wheels on Berlina and higher models.[203] Front fascia revisions included reshaped headlamps, revamped bumpers and a larger grille with new inserts tailored to each model.[204] The update introduced a new 6.5-inch touchscreen in a redesigned centre console stack, along with updated dashboards, reconfigured controls, modified ventilation outlets and refreshed trim and lighting colours. SV6, SS and SS V models received unique circular air vents.[204]
The MY11 update introduced flex-fuel capability for the 3.0-litre V6 and 6.0-litre V8 engines, enabling them to operate on E85 bio-ethanol.[205] Holden also launched a new "Redline" sports package option for V-Series models. This package included lightweight, forged, polished 19-inch multi-spokealloy wheels from thePontiac G8 GXP. Other Redline features included high-performanceBrembo four-piston brakes, stiffer "FE3" suspension and a tyre inflator kit on the Redline Ute.[206][207] The 6.5-inch "Holden-iQ"infotainment system, developed bySiemens VDO, was made standard on the Omega, SS and SS V models, integrating media playback and control functions.[204][208] The iQhead unit replaced the previous mechanical CD stacker with a single slot and flash-drive storage capable of holding approximately 15 CDs worth of music.[209] Additional features includediPod integration,USB andauxiliary inputs,Bluetooth connectivity for calls, and music streaming.[210]
Holden began production of the MY12-update Commodore on 6 September 2011,[211] following a 2 September announcement detailing limited mechanical changes focused on efficiency improvements and the introduction of E85 fuel compatibility for the 3.6-litreSIDI V6 engine.[212] The cosmetic updates included new features across various models: the Omega received seven-spoke 16-inch alloy wheels and chrome accents on the lower outboard fascia inserts, while the Berlina was fitted with chrome-trimmedfog light surrounds. The Calais V model added a new boot lipspoiler, which was also made available as an accessory for other MY12 sedan models. The SV6 and SS models incorporated a chrome-highlighted lower spoiler and front grille surround, with the V-Series versions of the SS also featuring additional chrome-accented lower outboard inserts.[211] The Redline editions of the SS V featured redesigned 19-inch wheels, red-paintedbrake callipers and the "FE3" suspension option extended to include the Sportwagon and Ute body styles.[213]
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Holden marketed the high-performance versions of the VE Commodore through its performance division,Holden Special Vehicles (HSV), as the E Series.[214] Launched in August 2006,[214] the E Series lineup included the Clubsport,[215] Maloo (utility version),[216] Senator (luxury version),[217][218] and GTS models.[219] The lineup featured distinctive styling elements, includingLED taillights and vertical frontwing grilles,[220][221] and were initially powered by a 6.0-litreLS2 V8 engine, which was replaced by a 6.2-litreLS3 V8 in 2008.[222] The E Series 2 was released in 2010; the update introduced afacelift with new bumpers, a twin-nostril bonnet, launch control andstability control with normal and competition modes.[223] With the introduction of the E Series 3 in 2011, the car received LPG compatibility, updated driver interface technology and several interior alterations, including a standard touchscreen and leather trim.[224]
The Clubsport lineup included variants such as the R8 Tourer (station wagon),[225] theCSV CR8 for export to the Middle East,[226] and high-performance versions such as theVauxhall VXR8 for the United Kingdom.[227][228] The W427, a limited-edition model, was equipped with a 7.0-litreLS7 V8 engine, making it the most powerful vehicle in the E Series lineup.[229]
At the time of its launch in Australia,Ford'sBF Falcon was a direct competitor of the VE Commodore.[230] In late 2005 thefront-wheel driveMitsubishi 380 was launched to indirectly compete with the Commodore, but was discontinued with the 2008 closure of theMitsubishi Motors Australia plant inTonsley Park, South Australia.[231] In November 2006Toyota released theirAurion model to the Australian market.[232]
The VE Commodore was well received in the Australian market, outselling its competitors in the large-car segment.[233] Its position as Australia's outright best-selling car was challenged in 2007 and overtaken in some months in 2008 by theToyota Corolla in the face of increasingpetrol prices.[234][235][236] Nevertheless, the introduction of the Sportwagon in mid-2008 contributed to the VE Commodore regaining its top sales position, accounting for over 30 per cent of total Commodore sales.[237] In 2007 the VE series became the fifth Commodore model to receive theWheels Car of the Year award.[238]
Beginning in September 2006, the VE range was exported toNew Zealand;[239] in theMiddle East andSouth Africa it was re-branded as theChevrolet Lumina.[240] Sales of the Berlina began in 2007 in the Brazilian market under theChevrolet Omega name.[241] In North America, between 2008 and 2009,Pontiac also imported Commodore sedans as theG8.[242] The discontinuation of the G8 followedGM's Chapter 11 bankruptcy, leading to the discontinuation of the Pontiac brand.[243][244] The Pontiac G8 received several unique features, including a revisedL76 engine with Active Fuel Management, and appearance changes to conform to Pontiac's owndesign language.[245][246] In 2009, the small-scale German manufacturerBitter, known for rebodying existing vehicles, introduced its "Vero Sport" at theGeneva Motor Show. It was based on the Commodore SS.[247]
The final VE Commodore was produced on 17 May 2013; it was an SS V automatic sedan painted in chlorophyll green and intended for a dealer in the Northern Territory. Between 2006 and 2013, Holden manufactured over 520,000 units of the VE Commodore, of which 350,000 were sold in Australia.[248] It was succeeded by theVF Commodore.[249][250]