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Historicism orhistorism comprises artistic styles that draw their inspiration from recreating historic styles or imitating the work of historic artists and artisans.[1] This is especially common in architecture, where there are many different styles ofRevival architecture, which dominated large buildings in the 19th century. Through a combination of different styles or the implementation of new elements, historicism can create completely different aesthetics than former styles. Thus, it offers a great variety of possible designs.
In thehistory of art, afterNeoclassicism which in theRomantic era could itself be considered a historicist movement, the 19th century included a new historicist phase characterized by an interpretation not only ofGreek andRomanclassicism, but also of succeeding stylistic eras, which were increasingly respected. In particular in architecture and in the genre ofhistory painting, in which historical subjects were treated with great attention to accurate period detail, the global influence of historicism was especially strong from the 1850s onwards. The change is often related to the rise of thebourgeoisie during and after theIndustrial Revolution. By the end of the century, in thefin de siècle,Symbolism andArt Nouveau followed byExpressionism andModernism acted to make Historicism look outdated, although many large public commissions continued in the 20th century. TheArts and Crafts style managed to combine a looser vernacular historicism with elements of Art Nouveau and other contemporary styles.
The influence of historicism remained strong until the 1950s in many countries. Whenpostmodern architecture became widely popular during the 1980s, aNeohistorism style followed, that is still prominent and can be found around the world, especially inrepresentative and upper-class buildings.
International
British Empire
France
Austria and Germany
Greece and Balkans
Italy
Mexico
Netherlands
Portugal
Romania
Russian Empire and USSR
Scandinavia
Spain
United States
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